Ukushisela kwe-MIG, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Metal Inert Gas (MIG) welding, ibiyingxenye yesehlakalo sezimboni zaseMelika kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1940. Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, ukuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe obusha kuye kwaholela ekuthuthukisweni kohlu olubanzi lwemikhiqizo yokushisela ye-MIG.
Ukuzulazula emakethe kungaba nzima ngenxa yezinketho ezahlukahlukene ezitholakalayo, kufaka phakathi i-CO2 welding kanye ne-flux core welding. Lo mhlahlandlela uxoxa ngobuhle nobubi bemikhiqizo yokushisela ehlukene ye-MIG, ukuze abathengi benze isinqumo esinolwazi.
Okuqukethwe
Imishini yokushisela ye-MIG: Isabelo semakethe kanye nesidingo
Izinto ezi-5 okufanele uzicabangele lapho uthenga imishini yokushisela ye-MIG
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zokushisela ze-MIG
Isiphetho
Imishini yokushisela ye-MIG: Isabelo semakethe kanye nesidingo
Imakethe ye-welding yomhlaba wonke kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngezinga lokukhula elihlanganisiwe lonyaka (CAGR) engaphezu kuka-4.6% ngo-2028. Imakethe yokushisela yomhlaba idlule ama-US $ 20 billion ngo-2020, ithanda ukuqagela kwe-CAGR. Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi isidingo somhlaba wonke semishini yokushisela ikhuphuka, izimboni ezithile zibhekene nokushoda kwama-welder.
Ngokusho kwe-American Welding Society (AWS), izwe lilindele ukuthi a Ukushoda kwabashiseli abanamakhono abangama-375,000 ngo-2023. Ukushoda, nokho, kuyasikhulisa isidingo semishini yokushisela esezingeni eliphezulu nesezingeni eliphezulu kwezobuchwepheshe, njengemishini yokushisela i-MIG.
Izinto ezi-5 okufanele uzicabangele lapho uthenga imishini yokushisela ye-MIG
Uhlobo lwempahla okufanele ishiselwe indawo yokuqala lapho ukhetha i-MIG umshini wokufaka insimbi. Njengamanje kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zemishini yokushisela ye-MIG emakethe, ngayinye yakhelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithize zokushisela nezinto zokwakha. Impahla inquma amandla adingekayo, ukuphatheka, namandla omshini.
Ngezansi sixoxa ngezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzicabangele lapho ukhetha umshini wokushisela we-MIG.
1. Izinto zokushisela
Ubukhulu bensimbi ezoshiselwa bunquma uhlobo lomshini wokushisela we-MIG ozosetshenziswa. Abashiseli bahlukaniswa ngokwamanje abakhiqizayo phakathi nomjikelezo womsebenzi onikeziwe. Umjikelezo wokusebenza ubhekisela ubude besikhathi umshini wokushisela ongasebenzisa i-amperage ethile ngaphandle kokushisa ngokweqile phakathi nenkathi yemizuzu eyi-10. Imishini yokushisela ye-MIG enomjikelezo wokusebenza okuphezulu ilungele ukucubungula izinsimbi eziwugqinsi, kuyilapho imijikelezo yemisebenzi ephansi ifanele izinsimbi ezizacile.
2.Isivinini sokushisela
Isivinini sokushisela sinquma ikhwalithi ye-weld nokusebenza kahle kwenqubo yokushisela. Nakuba ukushisela ngesivinini esisheshayo kunciphisa isikhathi sokushisela, kungase kubangele ukushisela okungekuhle ngenxa yokuhlanganisa okungaphelele kanye ne-spatter eyeqile.
Ama-welders angu-110 Volt MIG ayisinqumo esihle sabashiseli abayizimfundamakhwela noma amaphrojekthi asekhaya e-DIY. Lawa mashisela e-MIG anomjikelezo womsebenzi ophansi futhi akalwe kubukhulu obungama-amps angama-80–100. Ngenxa yalokho, afaneleka kuphela ukushisela izinsimbi ezincane isikhathi esifushane.
Abashiseli be-220 Volt MIG, ngakolunye uhlangothi, balungele ochwepheshe namaphrojekthi amakhulu. Imishini engu-220V inemiphumela esuka ku-20–220 amps. Angakwazi ukushisela ipuleti elifinyelela ku-½ iyintshi futhi angehliswa ukuze ashise izinsimbi ezincane futhi.
Isivinini esiphezulu se-welding singathinta ukukhiqiza nokusebenza kahle kwenqubo yokushisela. Izivinini zokushisela eziphakeme ngokuvamile zifaneleka kakhulu lapho ukukhiqiza kubaluleke kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, lapho ukubukeka namandla kubaluleke kakhulu, isivinini esiphansi sokushisela sizofaneleka kakhulu.
3. Ukunikezwa kwamandla
Kunezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko zokunikezwa kwamandla ka-MIG, okungukuthi ama-inverters nama-transformer. Ama-transformer abusa imakethe cishe iminyaka eyi-100, kuyilapho ama-inverters abhekwa njengesixazululo sesimanje.
Ama-inverters akhuthaza ukushisela okungcono, kuyilapho ama-transformer ngokuvamile ehlala isikhathi eside. Ama-inverters adlula ama-transformer endaweni eyodwa ebalulekile - anciphisa i-weld spatter. Ama-inverter alungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo okuguquguqukayo ama-welder angakwazi ukusabela ngaso ngokushesha kukho. Ukulungiswa okuzenzakalelayo kunciphisa amathuba okuthi kwenzeke i-weld spatter.
Ama-transformer, nokho, agcina inzuzo eyodwa kuma-inverters - impilo ende. Ngenxa yomklamo wabo olula, angakwazi ukumelana nezinselele eziza nokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke. Ama-Transformer nawo abe khona isikhathi eside kunama-inverters, avumele abakhiqizi ukuthi bahlaziye impilo yabo futhi bakhuthaze ukuqina kwabo.
Ukunikezwa kwamandla okudingekayo kuzoncika ezintweni kanye nomkhiqizo oshiselwe. Kodwa-ke, njengomthetho wesithupha, isiphakeli socingo se-MIG sokushisela kufanele sisethwe kusivinini esifinyelela kububanzi obungu-240 kuya ku-290 amayintshi ngomzuzu (ipm). Ijubane lokuhamba kufanele limiswe libe ngu-14 no-19 ipm, kuye ngogqinsi lwento kanye nohlobo nosayizi wentambo esetshenziswayo.
4. Izinhlobo zokulawula
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zezilawuli zokushisela ze-MIG: i-manual, i-semi-automatic, kanye ne-automatic ngokugcwele. Izilawuli ezenziwa ngezandla zinikeza umphumela wokushisela onembe kancane, kodwa kulula ukuzisebenzisa futhi azibizi. Lolu hlobo lokulawula lufaneleka kakhulu kubashiseli abanolwazi njengoba benolwazi oluthe xaxa ngamapharamitha wokushisela, i-voltage, nezinto zokushisela.
Izilawuli ezizenzakalela kancane zaziwa ngobulula nokunemba kwazo njengoba zinikeza izivinini zokuphakela kwezintambo ezingaguquki. Abashiseli bangakwazi ukusetha imingcele yokushisela ngesandla.
Izilawuli ezizenzakalelayo ngokugcwele zihlinzeka ngokushisela okunembe kakhulu nokungashintshi kwezilawuli ezintathu. Zidinga ukusethwa okwengeziwe nohlelo futhi zibiza kakhulu. Izilawuli ezizenzakalelayo ngokugcwele zivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kuzilungiselelo zezimboni lapho ukukhiqiza okuphezulu nekhwalithi kubalulekile.
5. Amandla weld
Amandla we-weld athonya ukusebenza nokuphepha komkhiqizo oqediwe. Kunezici eziningi ezithonya amandla e-weld kanye ne-MIG ekhethiwe. Okubaluleke kakhulu uhlobo locingo olusetshenziswayo kanye nesivinini sokuphakela ngocingo.
Isivinini sokuphakelwa kwentambo ephansi siphumela ebuhlalu bokushisela obuncane kanye nesivinini sokushisela esinensayo, okukhiqiza amandla aphezulu okushisela kanye nama-weld abukekayo. Ngokuphambene, isivinini sokuphakela ngentambo esiphezulu siphumela ebuhlalu bokushisela obubanzi kanye nesivinini sokushisela esingase siholele emandleni okushisela okungenzeka aphansi kanye nokushisela okungakhangi kangako.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zokushisela ze-MIG
Abashiseli be-MIG bawuhlobo oluvamile lokushisela izinti olukhiqiza okokushisela kwekhwalithi ephezulu ngomzamo omncane. Isebenzisa amathonya kagesi asuka emthonjeni wamandla ukuze ihlanganise izingcezu zensimbi kanye ne-electrode yocingo eqinile eyenza insimbi futhi yakhe ilunga lokushisela.
Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, izimiso zokushisela i-MIG ziye zahlala zingashintshile, kodwa izindlela ezintsha zomthombo wamandla ziye zethulwa emakethe ezivumela ukushisela okuphumelelayo.
Ukuthuthuka kwemithombo yamandla kwethule izinhlobo ezintsha zamashiseli e-MIG ngayinye enikeza izici ezihlukile, izinzuzo, kanye nokubi.
I-Flux cored arc welders (FCAW)
Imishini ye-FCAW asetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yokwakha, eyakha imikhumbi, neyezimoto, futhi lapho kudingeka khona amashisela aqinile, aqinile. Bangakwazi ukushisela izinhlobonhlobo zezinsimbi, okuhlanganisa insimbi, insimbi engagqwali, ne-aluminium.
Amawelder e-FCAW ngokuvamile ahlanganisa amandla kagesi, isibhamu esishiselayo, kanye nesistimu yokuphakela ucingo. Ukunikezwa kwamandla kunikeza amandla kagesi adingekayo ukudala i-arc, kuyilapho isibhamu sokushisela siqondisa i-electrode yocingo futhi siletha igesi evikelekile endaweni yokushisela. Uhlelo lokuphakelayo lwezintambo lulawula isivinini lapho i-electrode yocingo ifakwa endaweni yokushisela, okuvumela umshiseli ukuthi alungise izinga lokubeka ukuze livumelane nezidingo eziyingqayizivele zomsebenzi wokushisela.
Izinzuzo:
- Isivinini se-welding esiphezulu
- Ukungena okuhle kwe-welding
- Ikhono lokushisela kuzo zonke izikhundla
- Easy ukusebenzisa
- Ifanele izinsimbi zokugcwalisa
Okumbi:
- Ikhiqiza intuthu eyengeziwe kanye nentuthu
- Kungase kudinge ukuhlanzwa njalo
- Ayifanele ukushisela izinto ezincane
- Isebenzisa igesi evikelekile engabiza
Amashisela ensimbi yensimbi yegesi (GMAW)
Imishini ye-GMAW, njengabashiseli be-FCAW, basetshenziselwa ukushisela izinhlobonhlobo zezinsimbi ezihlanganisa insimbi, insimbi engagqwali, ne-aluminium. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yokwakha, yokukhiqiza, neyezimoto ngenxa yokuqina namandla okushisela kwazo.
Lesi sishiseli sikagesi sisebenzisa i-electrode yocingo ephakelwa ngokuqhubekayo kanye negesi engenzi lutho noma engenzi lutho ukuze kukhiqizwe i-weld. I-electrode yocingo yenziwe nge-alloy yensimbi futhi yondliwa ngesibhamu sokushisela, esiphinde sihambise igesi yesihlangu endaweni yokushisela. Isebenza ngokufana nemishini ye-FCAW.
Izinzuzo:
- Isivinini se-welding esiphezulu
- Ikhwalithi enhle ye-weld
- Ikhono lokukhiqiza i-weld nge-spatter encane
- Kulula ukusetshenziswa
- Ifanele ukusetshenziswa ngezinsimbi zokugcwalisa
Okumbi:
- Ayifanele ukushisela ngaphandle
- Ayifanele ukushisela izinto ezincane
- Isebenzisa i-shield gas engabiza
Ama-welders we-Pulse MIG
Imishini yokushisela ye-Pulse MIG khiqiza ama-welds usebenzisa inguqulo eguquliwe yenqubo ye-GMAW. Njengabashisela be-GMAW, abashiseli be-pulse MIG basebenzisa i-electrode yocingo ephakelwa ngokuqhubekayo kanye negesi engenzi lutho noma e-inert ukukhiqiza izinto zokushisela. Nokho, ziyehluka endleleni eziletha ngayo amandla kagesi endaweni yokushisela.
Imishini yokushisela i-Pulse MIG ivumela i-welder ukuthi ilawule inani lokushisa elisetshenziswa endaweni yokushisela futhi inciphisa ingozi yokushisa insimbi. Umshini uphinde uvumele ama-welds anembe kakhudlwana futhi angaguquguquki njengoba i-welder inokulawula okungcono inani lensimbi yokugcwalisa efakwayo.
Izinzuzo:
- Ivumela ama-welds ahlala isikhathi eside
- Isivinini se-welding esiphezulu
- Ikhwalithi enhle yokushisela
- Ikhiqiza ama-weld ane-spatter encane
- Ingasetshenziswa ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinsimbi zokugcwalisa
Okumbi:
- Ayifanele ukushisela ngaphandle
- Ayifanele ukushisela izinto ezincane
- Isebenzisa i-shield gas engabiza
Isiphetho
Imakethe yokushisela ikhula ngokungaguquki, idala isidingo esikhulu nakakhulu semikhiqizo yokushisela yekhwalithi, njengemishini yokushisela ye-MIG. Lesi sihloko sixoxe ngezinto ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa umshini wokushisela we-MIG.
Iphinde yaqhathanisa izinhlobo ezintathu zemishini yokushisela ye-MIG futhi yabheka izinzuzo nezinkinga zayo ukuze ivumele abathengi ukuthi benze isinqumo sokuthenga benolwazi. Vakashela i- Chovm.com showroom ukuthola best MIG welding imishini emakethe.
