Idalwe ososayensi basePoland, imodeli isuselwe ku-GIS futhi ingashintshwa ukuze ihambisane nezimo zemakethe ezahlukahlukene. Abacwaningi bayisebenzise emakethe yasePoland futhi bathola ukuthi u-3.61% womhlaba otholakalayo wezwe ungasingatha izinhlelo ze-PV zesikali esisetshenziswayo.
Abacwaningi abavela ku-Polish Academy of Sciences benze indlela entsha yokuhlaziya ukufaneleka komhlaba nokwenza ukuhlola kwe-techno-economic kwezinhlelo ze-PV zesikali sosizo.
Indlela entsha, abacwaningi abayibiza ngokuthi i-SpatIo-temporal scientific Computation (Silicon), isekelwe ohlelweni lolwazi lwendawo (GIS), olusiza ukuhlaziya amaseli ezindawo ngokulungiswa kwendawo eyi-100 m.
"Ukuze kubhekwane nodaba lwezinto zezindleko eziqondene nezwe, imodeli ihlanganisa izindleko ezilinganiselwe zikagesi (LCOE) ezivame ukusetshenziswa izinhlangano zikahulumeni kanye nezinhlangano zikahulumeni," kuchaza iqembu locwaningo. "Indlela ehlongozwayo ingasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa amasu kazwelonke nawesifunda agxile ekufakweni kwe-PV enkulu, ukusiza ukufinyelelwa kwezinhloso zamandla avuselelekayo."
Le ndlela iqukethe amamojula amabili ayinhloko: enye ihloselwe ukuhlaziya ukufaneleka komhlaba kanti enye igxile ekuhloleni kwe-techno-economic.
Ngokuqondene nokufaneleka komhlaba, indlela isebenzisa izinhlobo ezimbili zamasethi edatha, kungaba ngefomethi ye-raster noma ye-vector. Idathasethi ye-raster ifomethi yedathasethi ye-GIS emelela idatha njengamagridi amaseli noma amaphikseli futhi ilungele izinto eziqhubekayo ezifana nokuphakama nezinga lokushisa. I-vector dataset, ngakolunye uhlangothi, imelela izici njengamaphoyinti, imigqa, noma amapholigoni anemingcele enembile, okuyenza ifanelekele ukumaka idatha efana nemigwaqo namadolobha.
"Endabeni yedathasethi ye-vector, amajiyometri anwetshwa ngokusetshenziswa kwe-buffer noma aguqulelwe kwifomethi ye-raster," kusho abacwaningi. “Kumadathasethi ama-raster, amaphikseli emephu amelela indawo yezwe anikezwa amanani kanambambili. Kamuva, okungafakwanga okuphathelene nokutholakala komhlaba kuyasetshenziswa ukukhombisa amabanga ebhafa kanye nemininingwane yomhlaba.”
Imodeli iqeqeshelwe ukuthola indawo ezolingana nesistimu ye-PV yensiza, ngokusekelwe kwezinye izindlela zokukhishwa. Isibonelo, indlela ayazi ukubeka uhlelo phakathi kwebanga elingamakhilomitha angu-5 ukusuka esikhumulweni sezindiza, amamitha angu-120 ukusuka ezintanjeni zikagesi kanye namamitha angu-200 ukusuka ezindaweni zokuvikela izinyoni. Futhi ayizibandakanyi izindawo zejografi eziphakeme ngaphezu kwama-2,000 m noma amamithambeka angaphezu kuka-30 degrees.
Umphumela walesi sinyathelo sokuqala yiwo wonke umhlaba ofanelekayo izwe elingase liwunikeze ukuthunyelwa kwe-PV ngezinga elikhulu. Lokhu okukhiphayo bese kusetshenziswa okokufaka kumodeli yokuhlola ye-techno-economic, eveza imiphumela efana nezindleko ezilinganiselwe zamandla (LCOE) ekulungisweni okufanayo kwamamitha ayi-100. Ukwenza leso sibalo sisebenze ezindaweni ezihlukene zezomnotho, indlela icela ukufaka ulwazi, njengokufakwa kwendawo, izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, nezindleko ezithambile.
"Ingxenye yesibili incike emicabangweni yezezimali emisiwe, njengezindleko zokutshala izimali ezinkulu, izindleko zokusebenza nezokulungisa, kanye nezindleko ezilinganiselwe zikagesi," izifundiswa zachaza futhi, ziphawula ukuthi izindleko zingashintshwa zibe amafomula avumelana nezimo ezihlukahlukene.
Ukuqinisekisa imodeli yabo, ososayensi bayisebenzisa ePoland futhi bathola ukuthi cishe u-3.61% womhlaba otholakalayo wezwe ungase uphathe izinhlelo ze-PV ze-solar, ezihambisana nendawo engaba ngu-11,277.70 km2. Ngokuya ngokusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa komhlaba, leyo ndawo ingasetshenziselwa ukusingatha umthamo we-PV osuka ku-394.64 GW ukuya ku-563.77 GW. Imiphumela iphinde ikhombise ukuthi i-LCOE ingasuka ku-€0.043 ($0,045)/kWh iye ku-€0.049/kWh, ngesilinganiso sikazwelonke esingu-€0.045/kWh.
“Ngaphezu kwalokho, kutholakale ukuthi iningi lezindawo ezifanelekile zokusatshalaliswa kwezinhlelo ze-PV zesikali zigxile ezifundeni ezine ezimaphakathi nentshonalanga yePoland (Ło´dzkie, Lubelskie, Podlaskie, kanye neMazowiecki),” kwengeza ithimba. “Lezi zifunda zenza ngaphezu kuka-50% wamandla kanye namandla okukhiqiza ugesi. Ukwengeza, i-Mazowiecki imele cishe u-20% wamandla okufakwayo. "
Indlela entsha yethulwa ephepheni elithi “Indlela esekwe ku-GIS yokuhlola umnotho wezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic ezisetshenziswayo,” esanda kushicilelwa ku- Amandla Asetshenziswa.
Lokhu okuqukethwe kuvikelwe yi-copyright futhi akumele kuphinde kusetshenziswe. Uma ufuna ukubambisana nathi futhi ungathanda ukuphinda usebenzise okunye okuqukethwe kwethu, sicela uthinte: editors@pv-magazine.com.
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