Imboni yezokwakha, nemishini yayo esindayo, i elichumayo emhlabeni wonke. Isilayishi samasondo siyisibonelo sezinto zokwakha ezikwazi ukuphakamisa, ukugoqa, ukulayisha, nokuthwala izinto zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene. Ukuguquguquka kwalo mshini kwenza kube omunye wemishini efunwa kakhulu ezimbonini eziningi.
Umshini wokulayisha amasondo uza ngamamodeli nezinhlobo ezahlukene. Ngakho-ke, izinkampani zibhekene nesinqumo esinzima sokuthenga imishini efanele ukuze umsebenzi wenziwe ngempumelelo. Njengoba ukuthenga le mishini kuwutshalomali olukhulu, izinkampani zidinga ulwazi olufanele ukuze zenze isinqumo esifanele.
Okuqukethwe
Isabelo semakethe esizayo sabalayishi bamasondo
Izinto okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho uthenga umshini wokulayisha amasondo osetshenzisiwe
Izinhlobo zezilayishi zamasondo
Imikhiqizo esemqoka yomhlaba wonke yemishini yokulayisha amasondo
Isabelo semakethe esizayo sabalayishi bamasondo
Ubukhulu bemakethe yomhlaba wonke yabalayisha amasondo kulindeleke ukuthi bukhule ngamadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-17.33 I-CAGR ye-9.33% kusukela ngo-2021 kuya ku-2025. Ucwaningo lwe-MDC ngisho namaphrojekthi lapho imakethe yokulayishwa kwamasondo izodlula $ 23.74 billion by 2030.
Umbono weMDC ukhombisa ukuthi lokhu kukhula kubangelwa ukwanda kokutshalwa kwezimali kwingqalasizinda yomphakathi emazweni ahlukene emhlabeni jikelele. Imboni yezokwakha emhlabeni wonke kulinganiselwa ukuthi izofinyelela kuyo $ 10.5 trillion ngu-2023, ikhula ku-CAGR ka-4.2%, ngaleyo ndlela kubangele ukwanda kwesidingo sabalayishi bamasondo.
Izinto okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho uthenga umshini wokulayisha amasondo osetshenzisiwe
Izinkampani zokwakha noma zezimboni zidinga imithombo ethembekile yolwazi ukuze zizisize zenze isinqumo esingcono uma zithenga isilayishi samasondo. Bangacabangela izici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi isilayishi samasondo esikhethiwe sizokwenza imisebenzi ehlosiwe kahle. Qhubeka ufunda ukuze uthole lezi zici.
Usayizi womshini wokulayisha amasondo
Into yokuqala okufanele ayicabangele lapho uthenga isilayishi samasondo ubukhulu bomshini. Kunqunywa ubukhulu bephrojekthi yenkampani ethengayo. Inkampani izohlola ububanzi bomsebenzi okhona ukuze ithole usayizi wesilayishi samasondo ewudingayo.
Isibonelo, inkampani embonini yezokwakha isebenzisa lesi sisetshenziswa esinzima ukumba ngaphambi kokulinganisa. Ngokuphambene, imboni yezingodo idinga izilayishi zamasondo ukuze zigawule izingodo futhi ziziyise kwenye indawo. Usayizi wesilayishi samasondo ubalulekile ekwandiseni imbuyiselo ekutshalweni kwezimali (ROI), yingakho kunesidingo sokuthi izinkampani zikulungise kahle.
Ngokuvamile, usayizi wesilayishi samasondo uncike kububanzi bomsebenzi, usayizi, ivolumu, nesisindo sempahla okufanele ihanjiswe. Uma inkampani isebenza ngezinto zokwakha ezinkulu nezisindayo, izodinga isilayishi samasondo esikhulu esinamandla aphakeme amahhashi.
ukuqina
Ukuthenga isilayishi samasondo kuwutshalomali olukhulu, futhi amabhizinisi afuna i-ROI ephezulu. Njengoba le mishini esindayo ingaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu nemisebenzi enzima, izinkampani kufanele zikhethe izilayishi zamasondo ezinezici zokuzivikela njengezihlangu ezikhanyayo, izikrini zonogada, njll.
Izinkampani kufanele futhi zicabangele izilayishi zamasondo izingxenye zazo ezisengozini njengamapayipi amanzi avikelekile ekulimaleni okungaba khona. Izingxenye ezivikelayo ezinjalo zithuthukisa ukuqina kwesilayishi samasondo, okuvumela ama-opharetha ukuthi asebenze ngokunethezeka ezindaweni ezinzima. Isilayishi samasondo esiqinile kufanele senze umsebenzi esiwuhlosile kulezi zimo ezinzima isikhathi eside.
Uhlobo lwebhakede lokulayishwa kwamasondo
Amabhakede enza izilayishi zamasondo zisebenziseke ngezindlela eziningi futhi zingenye yezinto ezinamathiselwe ezibaluleke kakhulu kule mishini. Uma icubungula uhlobo lwebhakede lomlayishi wamasondo, inkampani kufanele ibale izibalo zayo zokukhiqiza zansuku zonke kanye nokuminyana kwezinto ehlose ukukuphatha. Njengoba izinkampani eziningi zokwakha nezokukhiqiza ziphatha izinto ezahlukahlukene, kuwumkhuba ojwayelekile ukusebenzisa izinto ezisindayo njengesisekelo semininingwane yebhakede.
Okunamathiselwe kwi-imeyili yesilayishi samasondo
Izilayishi zamasondo zinezinsiza nezinamathiselo ezihlukene inkampani engazithenga ukuze ikhulise ukuguquguquka kwazo. Ezinye izinanyathiselwa ezidumile zihlanganisa:
- Amagabha
- Ama-Blades
- Iziqu zeHedge
- Amafolda
- Ama-Rippers
Qinisekisa ukuthi isilayishi samasondo ohlose ukusithenga singakwazi ukuthwala okunamathiselwe okuningi ukuze sithuthukise amakhono aso. Inkampani ethengayo ingaqinisekisa ukuthi isilayishi samasondo sinokushayisana okusheshayo okuzenzakalelayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe isivinini okungashintshwa ngaso okunamathiselwe.
Kufanele futhi baqinisekise ukuthi bathola konke okunamathiselwe kokuphepha nokuvikeleka komshini. Gwema izilayishi zamasondo okunamathiselwe kwazo okungajwayelekile emakethe.
Ukulungiswa kwesilayishi samasondo
Wonke umshini idinga ukunakekelwa njalo. Izinkampani zokwakha noma ezikhiqizayo kufanele zicabangele izilayishi zamasondo ezinenjini elula kanye nokugcinwa kwepayipi le-hydraulic. Izikhawu zesevisi enwetshiwe nekhwalithi yengxenye isho isikhathi esincane sesevisi nesikhathi esengeziwe lapho isilayishi samasondo sisetshenziswa khona endaweni.
Ukunethezeka
Abalayishi bamasondo bachitha amahora angaphezu kuka-10 nsuku zonke besebenza emshinini. Ukuzigcina zinethezekile, zibandakanyekile, futhi zipholile kusiza ekuthuthukiseni ukukhiqiza endaweni. Yini ebonisa ukuthi isilayishi samasondo sikhululekile?
- Kufanele iqinisekise ukugibela okushelelayo.
- Kufanele futhi ibe nesiphephetha-moya ukuze igcine ama-opharetha epholile.
- Kufanele ibe nesihlalo sokulengiswa esilula emhlane womsebenzisi phakathi namahora amade eshifu.
- Izilawuli zayo ze-joystick kufanele kube lula ukuzisebenzisa.
- Indawo yayo yekhebhu kufanele ibe banzi.
Amasondo alayisha amasondo
Abanikazi bamasondo aphakathi nendawo namakhulu abavamile ukuba nezinkinga zokuthenga amathayi. Kodwa-ke, izilayishi zamasondo ezincane nezihlangene zingadinga amathayi erabha afanele. Izidingo zejubane nesilayishi samasondo nazo zizocacisa ukuthi yimaphi amathayi adingekayo.
Nawa amanye amathayi okulayisha amasondo nokusebenza kwawo:
- Amathayi aqinile - afanele ukusetshenziswa kwezimboni
- Amathayi e-bias - alungele iziza zenkwali noma zetshe
- Amathayi e-Radial - alungele isivinini esikhulu ngoba ahlinzeka ngokudonsa okuhle kakhulu
- Amathayi e-Flotation - afanele umhlabathi onodaka noma othambile njengoba ebanzi
Inkampani izocubungula amathayi alungile kuye ngamaphrojekthi ayo, kodwa futhi ingathenga isethi entsha yamathayi afanelekile uma indawo yokusebenza noma isicelo sishintsha.
Amandla okuphuma
I-Breakout force ikala amandla esilayishi samasondo ekugcineni kwebhakede layo namandla okuphakamisa. Isilayishi samasondo esinamandla okuqhuma aphezulu singamba futhi siphakamise ngokushesha, sikhulise ukukhiqiza. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlola amandla okuphuma komshini njengoba kukhonjisiwe ku-specs yencwajana.
Inhloso yesikhathi eside
Nakuba ezinye izinkampani zigxile emananini okulayisha amasondo, kudingeka okwengeziwe ukuze kutholwe inani langempela lomshini. Esinye isici esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe yizindleko zokusebenza. Isibonelo, isilayishi samasondo esonga uphethiloli sizonciphisa izindleko zokusebenza, okuzoholela ekongeni okukhulu.
Abathengi kufanele futhi bacabangele izilayishi zamasondo ezinokukhishwa kwekhabhoni encane ukuze zihambisane nezidingo zomphakathi. Inani lokuthengisa kabusha kungenye inhloso yesikhathi eside ethinta izindleko zomshini. Isilayishi samasondo esinevelu yokuthengisa kabusha ephezulu sinenzuzo enkulu kunaleyo enenani eliphansi lokuthengisa kabusha.
Power
Umthamo wamandla wesilayishi samasondo iyinkemba esika nhlangothi zombili. Nakuba amandla aphezulu asho ukusebenza ngokushesha, awazuzisi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Injini enamandla amakhulu izodla uphethiloli owengeziwe, okuzonyusa izindleko zokusebenza. Inkampani kufanele ihlole isidingo sayo somsebenzi ukuze yazi izidingo zayo ezifanele zamandla amahhashi.
Izinhlobo zezilayishi zamasondo
Kunezinhlobo ezine zezilayishi zamasondo ezifanele ukusetshenziswa nokusetshenziswa okuhlukene.
1. Isilayishi samasondo esiqinile
Izilayishi zamasondo ezihlangene ziyimishini elawuleka kalula enamandla amakhulu okuphatha impahla ukuze ifeze okwengeziwe ngesikhathi esifushane. Zincane futhi zilungele iziza ezinezikhala ezincane. Izilayishi ezihlangene nazo zinesivinini sokuhamba esisheshayo, umthamo omkhulu wamabhakede, namandla aphushayo amahle kakhulu, okuvumela opharetha bakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi eminingi eyinselele, ikakhulukazi leyo edinga ukulawuleka.
buhle
- Ukusebenza kahle kwephethiloli
- Ukuhamba kahle okukhulu
- Ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni okumbalwa
- Isivinini esikhulu kanye nerediyasi encane yokujika
bawo
- Ukukhipha okuphansi kwe-hydraulic asizayo
- Ipayipi lamandla aphansi, yingakho lilinganiselwe ekusebenzeni.
2. Isilayishi samasondo esincane
The isilayishi samasondo esincane, ebizwa nangokuthi i-skid steer loader, iwumshini osebenza ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene kakhulu osetshenziswa ekwakheni. Icishe ifane nesilayishi samasondo ahlangene, nakuba ikwazi ukulawuleka kalula futhi ingasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinemvume ephansi. Isilayishi samasondo esincane sinikezela ngezinhlobonhlobo zokunamathiselwe, yingakho ukuhlukahluka kwazo.
buhle
- Ukuguquguquka okuphezulu
- Ukusebenza okuphezulu
- Ijubane eliphezulu
- Amandla amahhashi aphezulu kune-compact
- Ifanele izindawo ezincane
bawo
- Amandla okuthwala aphansi
- Amandla aphansi wehhashi kunesilayishi samasondo esimaphakathi nesinkulu
3. Isilayishi samasondo esimaphakathi
Izilayishi zamasondo ezimaphakathi makhudlwana futhi angakwazi ukuphatha izinto zokwakha, ukulayishwa kwamaloli, neziqongo. Banikeza opharetha ukunethezeka ngezilawuli ezisebenza kancane kanye nezindawo ezivulekile ze-cab. Isilayishi samasondo esimaphakathi siphakathi kwesilayishi samasondo esikhulu nesincane, okusho ukuthi amandla ayo amahhashi anele ukwenza imisebenzi emaphakathi.
buhle
- Ukuguquguquka okwengeziwe okunekhono lokusebenzisa okunamathiselwe okuhlukahlukene
- Ukudluliswa kwe-hydrostatic okusheshayo
- Umthamo omkhulu wokuthwala
- Ukugcinwa okuphansi
bawo
- Kunzima ukuhamba ezindaweni ezincane
- Ibiza kakhulu kunenguqulo encane
4. Isilayishi esikhulu samasondo
Izilayishi ezinkulu zamasondo avame ukwakhiwa ngezinto ezihlala isikhathi eside ukuphatha imisebenzi enzima ukulayisha amasondo okungase kwenziwe. Angatholakala ekwalini, ekuphathweni kwamabhulokhi, ekuhlanganisweni, ekuphathweni kwempahla, ukuphatha imfucuza, kanye nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo nezakhiwo. Isilayishi esikhulu samasondo silungele izinkampani ezinomsebenzi omkhulu.
buhle
- Umthamo omkhulu wokuthwala
- Ukusebenza okulula
- Ukugcinwa okuphansi
- Izindleko zokusebenza ezehlisiwe
- Amandla amahhashi aphezulu
bawo
- Ukusebenza okuphansi
- Izindleko zokuthenga eziphezulu
Imikhiqizo esemqoka yomhlaba wonke yemishini yokulayisha amasondo
- Isibungu (CAT)
- John Deere
- Case
- Volvo
- Hyundai
- Komatsu
- I-Doosan
- I-Kawasaki
- I-JCB
- new holand
Isiphetho
Isilayishi samasondo singomunye wemishini edingekayo embonini yezokwakha nezolimo; Nokho, singena kanjani esithombeni esikhulu senkampani yakho? Inkampani ingakhulisa umthamo wokukhiqiza imali yesilayishi samasondo ngokuyisebenzisa njalo. Umshini wokulayisha amasondo oguquguqukayo onekhono lokunamathisela amaningana ungakhulisa amakhono awo okulayisha ukuze uthole imbuyiselo engcono.
