Ukuvela kwe-automation yokupakisha kunomthelela kakhulu emikhakheni eyahlukene, ehlanganisa ukudla nesiphuzo, ezemithi, nokunakekelwa komuntu siqu. Ibhalwe nguLaura Syrett.
Izixazululo zokupakisha ezizenzakalelayo ziguqule imboni yokupakisha, ngabakhiqizi basebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obungenabo abantu obuthuthukayo obukhulayo ukuze bakhiqize imikhiqizo emisha kakhulu ngempumelelo nangezindleko eziphansi.
Ngempela, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-automation yokupakisha, ukuqondisa imishini, imishini noma ezinye izixazululo zokwenza izingxenye zenqubo yokupakisha ngaphandle kokulawula okuqondile komuntu, kukhula ngokushesha, kusho uPune, i-Future Market Insights yaseNdiya.
Ekuhlaziyeni, yazise imakethe yokufaka ezishintshayo emhlabeni wonke ngama-USD74.53 billion ngo-2023, ngenkathi ibikezela ukuthi izokhula cishe ngo-8% ngonyaka ukuze ifinyelele ku-USD161.66 billion ngo-2033.
Umbiko uphawule ukuthi imikhakha yokudla neziphuzo, ezemithi nokunakekelwa komuntu siqu iphakathi kwaleyo emukela ngentshiseko ama-automation amaningi emaphaketheni, nokuthi ukukhula kule ndawo kuqhutshwa ngokwengxenye ukukhuphuka kwesidingo sokupakisha okwenziwe ngokwezifiso.
UStephen Mills, umqondisi weLondon, i-TPG Packaging Consultants yase-UK, uthe izinto ezithuthukisiwe zibe phakathi kwezinto ezibalulekile ezivumela le nqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe:
"Impumelelo ye-automation iqala ngezinto zokusebenza eziphezulu ezithwebula ukukhanya, ukusheshisa isivinini sokukhiqiza nokugcina amandla, ukusuka ephepheni kuye kumapulasitiki kuya kuma-biomaterials," etshela i-Packaging Gateway.
Njengesibonelo salokhu, isiqhwaga se-ecommerce esizinze ekomkhulu laseMelika i-Amazon samemezela ngo-Okthoba (2023) ukuthi sethule ubuchwepheshe bokupakisha obuzenzakalelayo “bokuqala ngqa” - ekuqaleni ezikhungweni zayo zokugcwaliseka zase-UK naseJalimane - obusebenzisa izinzwa ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ukusika ukupakishwa kwephepha okwenziwe ngokukhethekile ngokobukhulu bento ezolethwa.
Iphepha elisetshenziselwa ukupakisha ukulethwa kwe-Amazon lilula kodwa liqinile, liyanwebeka futhi liyamelana nesimo sezulu kunephepha elivamile.
Ingase futhi ivalwe ngokushisisa njengepulasitiki kodwa “ikwazi ukuphinda isetshenziswe” kalula. I-Amazon ithe leli phepha lenziwe ngamabomu ososayensi bezinto zase-Amazon ukuze basebenzise imishini yabo ezenzakalelayo.
Ngokusho kwenkampani, ngokupakisha izinto ku-100% wephepha lokukhanya elivuselelwe kabusha, elenziwe ukuze lilingane ngaphandle kwesidingo se-padding, le mishini yokupakisha ezenzakalelayo isiza ukunciphisa isisindo sokupakisha ngokuthunyelwa ngakunye ngamagremu angama-26, ngokwesilinganiso - ukunciphisa izindleko zokuthutha kanye nemfucuza.
UMills uphinde wacaphuna ukufika kwamarobhothi emigqeni yokukhiqiza yokupakisha njengesinyathelo esibalulekile esiya phambili ekuhleleni inqubekelaphambili yokuvela kokupakisha.
Nakuba sekungamashumi eminyaka amarobhothi esetshenziswa ezimbonini, ukufika kwezinhlelo zokupakisha ezihlakaniphile, ezihlangene zerobhothi ezisheshayo, zengeza ukuguquguquka futhi zinciphise amaphutha abangelwa iphutha lomuntu.
Ngaleso sikhathi, ukukhiqiza okuzenzakalelayo 'emgqeni' kwenze ukukhiqiza ukuthi kusuke emigqeni yokukhiqiza yasefekthri, kwenziwe ngendlela oyifisayo kanye nokwenza kwasendaweni imigqa yokupakisha eya ezakhiweni zamakhasimende.
NgokukaDaniel Stewart, umqondisi wobunjiniyela eSeattle, iSummit Packaging yebhizinisi lokupakisha elizinze e-US, amarobhothi asebenzisanayo (noma 'ama-cobots') "ayewumkhuba wokuqala wokupakisha okuzenzakalelayo" ngo-2023.
Lawa marobhothi ezimboni aklanyelwe ukusebenza ngokuphepha eduze kwabantu endaweni yokusebenza okwabelwana ngayo. Lokhu kuyabahlukanisa namarobhothi endabuko ezimboni, "asebenza ngemuva kwemingcele yezokuphepha ukuze avimbele noma yikuphi ukuxhumana nomuntu", kuchaza uStewart.
Ngenxa yokuthi ama-cobots afakwe izinzwa ezithuthukisiwe nesofthiwe, ezivumela ukuthi zibone futhi ziphendule lapho kukhona khona abantu, zinciphisa ubungozi bokulimala kubantu ngenkathi benza imisebenzi eminingi, njengokupakisha imikhiqizo emabhokisini, imikhiqizo yokupakisha, ukukha nokubeka imikhiqizo nokuyihlanganisa.
Mayelana nokuqanjwa kabusha kokupakisha, abasekeli bamakhobothi, njenge-Västerås, inkampani ekhiqiza umshini ekomkhulu laseSweden i-ABB bathi le mishini inganweba izinzuzo zokuzenzakalela ezinhlelweni zokupakisha zemboni ezinzima.
NgoJuni odlule (2023), i-ABB yethule izinhlobo ezimbili ezintsha ze-GoFa cobot yayo edumile - i-GoFa 10 ne-GoFa 12 - eklanyelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza zokupakisha zezimboni, imisebenzi edingekayo ezenzakalelayo efana nokulungisa umshini, ukushisela, ukuphatha izingxenye, ukupholisha nokuhlanganisa.
Kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, ukonga izindleko kanye nezinzuzo zokunemba, izinkampani zokupakisha nazo zibheke ku-automation ukuxazulula izinkinga zekhwalithi nezokuphepha.
NgokukaRenaat Van Cauter, umqondisi wezokumaketha kwa-Engilico, inkampani yaseBelgium egxile ekuhloleni ukuvala uphawu kanye nokuqapha ubuchwepheshe bokufakwa ekudleni, ukunakekelwa kwezilwane ezifuywayo nakwezinye izimboni, izinqubo zokupakisha ezizenzakalelayo zithola amandla azo aphelele kuphela uma nazo zinezinhlelo zokuhlola nokuhlonza ezizenzakalelayo:
"Ukutholwa okuzenzakalelayo kwama-seal anesici kubalulekile kukho kokubili ukuphepha [komkhiqizo] nokukhiqiza okuzenzakalelayo emaphaketheni," kusho uVan Cauter. Isango Lokupakisha.
"Amakhasimende amaningi azenzela izinqubo zawo zokukhiqiza adinga ukuhlolwa okuzenzakalelayo kwe-inthanethi [kanye] ukuze kuqedwe umsebenzi wezandla [ngokuphelele] nokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ngesivinini esingcono kakhulu sokukhiqiza," esho.
UMills ukholelwa ukuthi ukuphrinta kwe-3D, okungaba umsebenzi ozenzakalelayo ngokuphelele usebenzisa idatha efakwe kusofthiwe ebese iyala amaphrinta ukuthi akhiqize imikhiqizo ngokunembile, futhi engavumela 'ukwenza kube ngokwakho' ingxenye yokupakisha ngomzuzu wokugcina, kungenzeka kube ngesinye sezinyathelo ezinkulu ezilandelayo zokuziphendukela kwemvelo zokupakisha okuzenzakalelayo.
Amasistimu anjalo angathuthukiswa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI), amandla awo okuthuthukisa ama-automation wokupakisha azwakale kabanzi, ikakhulukazi ikhono lawo lokwenza idizayini yokupakisha i-othomathikhi, amaphutha okubona emigqeni yokukhiqiza, kanye nokusiza ekwandiseni imigqa yokukhiqiza nokuthuthukisa amanani okusebenzisa kabusha.
Inhlangano yase-UK yezimpahla zabathengi i-Unilever isanda kumemezela ukuthi, ihlangene nesikhondlakhondla se-e-commerce yaseChina i-Chovm, isidale imishini yokuvuselela kabusha esebenzisa i-AI yokwenziwa ukuze ihlonze ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ihlele ukupakishwa kwepulasitiki okulahlwayo ukuze kugaywe kabusha eChina, kanye nokuthuthukisa imiklamo yeminye yemikhiqizo yayo ethengiswa ngamabhodlela epulasitiki ukuze ikwazi ukusimama kakhudlwana.
Le nkampani iphinde yabambisana nochwepheshe bezinhlelo zokusebenza zokufinyeleleka ezisekelwe eDenmark, i-Be My Eyes, eyenza izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisekelwe kumakhalekhukhwini ezinikwe amandla yi-AI kubantu abangaboni kahle, ezindleleni zesilingo zokusiza amakhasimende angaboni noma aphansi ukuthi asebenzisane nokupakishwa kwawo - ukuqaphela imikhiqizo, izithako zokufunda kanye nokulandela imiyalelo yokulungiselela.
Naphezu kwezinzuzo zayo eziningi nezinhlobonhlobo, uMills waphawula ukuthi ezinye izinkampani zokupakisha zibona ukuzenzakalelayo njengesixazululo esibiza kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngamabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo (ama-SME) emkhakheni wokupakisha - okuwumkhuba ophawulwe ocwaningweni lwe-FMI, ophinde ugqamise ukuntula kobuchwepheshe obufanele ukusekela ukukhishwa kwezixazululo ezizenzakalelayo emkhakheni wokupakisha.
"Kodwa-ke, ukuzenzekelayo manje kubiza kancane, kuyilapho izinketho zemishini nokuthembeka kukhulu," kusho uMills, eqokomisa ukutholakala kobuchwepheshe be-automation obunenani lokuncintisana elivela kubakhiqizi bemishini yaseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia.
Umthombo ovela Isango Lokupakisha
Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Ulwazi olubekwe ngenhla luhlinzekwa yi-packaging-gateway.com ngaphandle kwe-Chovm.com. I-Chovm.com ayenzi izethulo namawaranti mayelana nekhwalithi nokuthembeka komdayisi nemikhiqizo.
