Izinto Okufanele Uzikhumbule Lapho Uthenga Irola Yomgwaqo

Amarola omgwaqo angase angabonakali ekuqaleni kwephrojekthi yokwakhiwa komgwaqo, kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi awabalulekile kangako. Basiza kakhulu ezigabeni zokugcina zephrojekthi ukuze basize ekuqedeni isisekelo. Amarola emigwaqo nawo abalulekile kumaphrojekthi okwakhiwa kwezindlu noma ukwakhiwa kwemigwaqo njengama-excavators, ama-bulldozer, nama-wheel loader. Izinkampani zokwakha zingakwazi kanjani ukuthi iyiphi i-roller yomgwaqo ebafanele ngaphambi kokutshala imali kule mishini yokwakha esezingeni eliphansi?

Okuqukethwe
Isabelo semakethe esizayo samarola omgwaqo
Izinto okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho uthenga i-rola yomgwaqo
Izinhlobo zamarola omgwaqo
Abadlali bemakethe ababalulekile

Isabelo semakethe esizayo samarola omgwaqo

Imakethe yomhlaba wonke ye-road rollers phakathi kuka-2021-2026 kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele ku- $ 3156.1 million ngo-2026, ngenani lokukhula elihlanganisiwe lonyaka (CAGR) lika-1.7%. Lokhu kukhula kungachazwa ngokukhula okuphawulekayo kwezimboni emakethe yengqalasizinda edinga imishini yokwakha esindayo. Iminotho eminingi yomhlaba wonke, okuhlanganisa i-Asia-Pacific (i-China, i-India, i-Australia, i-Japan) ne-LAMEA (i-Latin America, i-Middle East, ne-Afrika), andisa ingqalasizinda yayo, imigwaqo, amabhuloho, amapaki ezimboni, izakhiwo zokuhlala nezingezona ezokuhlala, kanye nezikhumulo zezindiza.

Izinto okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho uthenga i-rola yomgwaqo

Izinkampani zokwakha zingase zibhekane nenselelo ekukhetheni i-roller yomgwaqo efanele yephrojekthi yazo njengoba kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamarola emakethe emakethe. Ukudideka kungase kukhuliswe izici ezihlukahlukene zamarola omgwaqo inkampani engakhetha kuzo. 

Nokho, uma inkampani yokwakha ikwazi ukuhlaziya isidingo sayo sokwakha, ingenza izinqumo ezihlakaniphile ngokuphathelene nohlobo lwamarola omgwaqo. Ngezansi kunezici ezithile inkampani eyenza kahle ukuzicabangela lapho ikhetha irola lomgwaqo eliphelele lomsebenzi. 

Uhlobo lwenjini

Ngaphambi kokuthenga i-roller yomgwaqo, inkampani kufanele ihlole ukuthi umshini unenjini epholile noma epholile ngamanzi. Nakuba izinjini ezipholiswa ngomoya zinezingxenye ezimbalwa okufanele zinakekele, izinkonzo ezivamile zalezi zinjini zisadingeka, ikakhulukazi uma umsebenzi usesimweni sezulu esinothuli, esishisayo.

 Uma usonkontileka efuna ukuthenga irola lomgwaqo elike lasetshenziswa elinezinjini ezipholisa umoya, kuhle abheke noma yimuphi umonakalo nokusetshenziswa kukawoyela ngokweqile emshinini wokukala umfutho kawoyela, okungase kubangele inkinga emshinini.

Inkampani yokwakha efuna injini epholiswe ngamanzi kufanele futhi iqinisekise uma kukhona ukuvuza koketshezi. Uma kukhona imifantu enjinini, ezimbozweni zamavalvu, noma ekhanda, umshini kufanele ugwenywe.

Amandla enjini nezinga lokukhishwa

Amandla enjini yerola yomgwaqo asho amandla akhiqizwe enjinini namandla ayo okuhlanganisa. Izigubhu ezimbili zinenzuzo eyengeziwe kule ndawo ngenxa yezigubhu ezimbili. Yize amarola omgwaqo wesigubhu esisodwa nawo enamandla, imishini esindayo njengamarola wezigubhu eziphindwe kabili idinga amandla enjini engeziwe ukuze iwanyakaze. Amandla aphezulu asho ukusebenza kahle okwengeziwe. Noma kunjalo, amandla akuyona ukuphela kwento okufanele icatshangelwe emshinini wokwakha.

Esinye isici izinga lokukhishwa kwe-roller emgwaqeni. Namuhla, ohulumeni abaningi bagcizelela kakhulu ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi kanye nokugcina imvelo igcinwa. Amarola emigwaqo emisha akhiwe ngezindinganiso eziphakeme zokukhipha umoya ukusiza ukunciphisa ukungcola, ukuze izinkampani zokwakha zishintshele emishinini emisha. Kungenjalo, bangasebenzisa uphethiloli we-HVO esikhundleni sikadizili noma bawaxube, ngaleyo ndlela banciphise inani lamagesi abamba ukushisa akhishwa irola lomgwaqo.

Uhlobo nosayizi womsebenzi

Inkampani kufanele yazi uhlobo lomsebenzi efuna ukuwenza noma uhlobo oluthile lokuhlanganisa oludingekayo. Amaphrojekthi amade endaweni evulekile angase adinge i-double drum road roller, kuyilapho izindawo zokwakha ezincane ezinendawo elinganiselwe zidinga isigubhu esisodwa somgwaqo. Njengoba umsebenzi wesiza omude nonzima udinga amandla engeziwe, izinkampani zokwakha eziphethe umsebenzi onjalo zingasebenzisa amarola omgwaqo amakhulu. 

Usayizi nobubanzi besigubhu 

Amarola emigwaqo nezigubhu zawo afika ngobukhulu obuhlukene. Ngaphambi kokuthi inkampani izinze emgwaqeni, izobheka ukuthi yini esebenza kangcono emsebenzini wayo. Izici ezibalulekile ezinquma ukuthi yimuphi usayizi wesigubhu ongakhetha indawo yendawo, uhlobo lwenhlabathi, nosayizi wephrojekthi. 

Isisindo nosayizi wesigubhu se-roller emgwaqeni kufanelekile ezinhlotsheni zenhlabathi ezihlukene futhi ungasebenza kahle nezinkinga zesikhala. Nokho, inkampani eyakha imigwaqo enezindawo zokusebenza emigwaqweni, emabhange, emagaraji okupaka, nezakhiwo zokwakha ingazuza ngokuthenga “isigubhu samathani angu-7, isigaba 67” esinamarola omgwaqo. Imisebenzi emikhulu nebanzi njengokwakhiwa komgwaqo onguthelawayeka, ukuthuthukiswa kwesikhumulo sezindiza, izindawo zokugcina amanzi, amadamu, nokwakhiwa kwezindawo ezinkulu zezentengiselwano kungase kudinge amarola omgwaqo amakhulu anezigubhu ezinobubanzi obungu-84”. 

Ukunethezeka komsebenzisi

Njengoba opharetha behlezi ezihlalweni zabo amahora amade, badinga ukuzizwa bekhululekile ukuze bakhiqize umkhiqizo othuthukisiwe. Uhlobo lwesiteshi sika-opharetha ngokuvamile luthinta amanani entengo yerola yomgwaqo, ngamamodeli amaningi esimanje ahlinzeka ngokucushwa okubili: amakhebhu e-ROPS (Roll Over Protection System) afakwe i-A/C kanye ne-ROPS evulekile.

Uma inkampani isebenza ezindaweni ezifudumele, ngisho nasebusika, i-ROPS evulekile iwukukhetha okuhle. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inkampani esebenza esimweni sezulu esishisa kakhulu noma esibanda kakhulu ingenza kahle ngokuthenga irola yomgwaqo enomshini wekhabhu ovalekile ofakwe i-A/C elawulwa yisimo sezulu. 

Enye into yokunethezeka okufanele icatshangelwe umphumela wokudlidliza kwerola yomgwaqo ku-opharetha. Amanye amarola omgwaqo ahlinzeka ngezitezi ezintantayo kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlukanisa izigubhu zokudlidliza eziklanyelwe ukunciphisa ukukhathala komsebenzisi ngokufaka imithelela yokudlidliza. 

Uhlobo lwesigubhu

Inkampani yokwakha ehlose ukuthenga irola yomgwaqo kufanele inqume ngohlobo lwesigubhu esilungele kangcono ukusebenza kwayo ukuze isebenze kangcono. Isibonelo, indawo enetshe, idwala, inhlabathi ehlangene kancane, noma isihlabathi idinga imodeli yesigubhu ebushelelezi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inkampani esebenza esakhiweni esinodaka oluhlangene nobumba ludinga irola yomgwaqo enamandla okuxova nokuhlanganisa, ngaleyo ndlela ifaneleka kangcono nge-pad foot drum roller. 

Inketho ye-pad kit foot ibuye ilungele izinkampani ezisebenza kumasayithi anezinhlobo eziningi zenhlabathi. Abakhiqizi abaningi bathengisa ama-shell kits, okuvumela izinkampani ukuthi zibophe izigubhu zabo ezibushelelezi futhi ziziguqule zibe izigubhu zezinyawo ze-pad. 

Ukusebenza kokuqina

Noma yimuphi umsebenzi wokwakha uqala ngesisekelo esiqinile ngokuvamile esinqunywa ukusebenza kwe-roller yomgwaqo. Ngaphambi kokuba inkampani icabangele ukwenziwa kwe-roller compaction yomgwaqo, kufanele ihlole uhlobo lwenhlabathi okufanele igayelwe—i-granular (inhlabathi/idwala/isihlabathi) noma iqinile (eminyene/eyisigaxa). 

Amarola omgwaqo asebenzisa izindlela ezimbili zokudlidliza ukuze ahlangane okufanele. Lezi zindlela ziyinala—ukukhula kwesigubhu ukuya phezulu okunquma amandla angaphandle—, nokuphindaphinda—inani lezikhathi lapho i-shaft izulazula esigubhuni. 

Inkampani esebenza enhlabathini ethambile nesihlabathi izokwenza kangcono ngokuphindaphinda okuphezulu, kuyilapho labo abasebenza emhlabathini oqinile bazodinga ukuphindaphinda okuncane. 

Iwaranti

Njengoba amarola omgwaqo engasetshenziswa kusukela ekuqaleni komsebenzi wokwakha, angase ahlale isikhathi esithile engenzi lutho ngaphambi kokuba aqale ukusebenza. Uma kudingeka ezigabeni zokugcina zokuqeda nokuhlanganisa, kufanele zisebenze kahle ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Uma behluleka ngenxa yokuthi bebengenzi lutho, kuzolahleka izinkulungwane zamaRandi ekukhiqizeni. Ukwengeza, izinkampani zingase zithole izindleko zokuqasha zesikhashana ezingalindelekile ukuze zigcine iphrojekthi isebenza. Ngakho-ke, inkampani ethengayo kufanele ibheke umenzi ohlinzeka ngewaranti yerola yomgwaqo ukuze anxeshezelwe uma kwenzeka iphutha lomkhiqizi. Iwaranti kufanele okungenani ibe unyaka owodwa noma amahora okusebenza ayi-1,000, kuye ngokuthi ikuphi okuza kuqala. 

Izinhlobo zamarola omgwaqo

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamarola omgwaqo amaphrojekthi ahlukene wokwakha. Lolu lwazi lubalulekile ekukhetheni umshini ofanele. Ngezansi ingxoxo yamarola omgwaqo:

Irola yomgwaqo yokwakhiwa kwesigubhu esisodwa

A isigubhu esisodwa somgwaqo iwucezu lwemishini yokwakha enesigubhu esikhulu sangaphambili esishayelwa amathayi amabili akhethekile ukugwema amafulethi. Amathayi omshini aqinile futhi aqinile, alungele ukwakhiwa noma izindawo zomgwaqo. 

Umsebenzisi uhlala phakathi nendawo ukuze asebenze kahle. Amamodeli esimanje afika nokucushwa okuthathu okuhambisana nezidingo zakho konke ukuminyana kwendawo. Njengoba mancane, angangena kalula ezindaweni eziqinile namaphrojekthi akhethekile. 

Amarola wesigubhu esisodwa avame ukusetshenziswa ekudaleni izisekelo zokwakha kanye nokugandaya imigwaqo emikhulu nemigwaqo yaseceleni. Nokho, isisindo sazo esinzima sisho ukuthi azifaneleki ezinye izindawo. 

buhle

• Ifanele izindawo zokwakha ezincane nezikhala.
• Ilungele amasayithi angadingi ukucindezela okuphezulu.
• Inikeza ukulawuleka okuphezulu kunamanye amarola omgwaqo.

bawo

• Ayifanele amaphrojekthi amakhulu.

I-roller yokwakha izigubhu ezimbili

The isigubhu esiphindwe kabili inezigubhu ezimbili, enye ngemuva enye ngaphambili. Njengoba umshini uhamba, izigubhu ziyagingqika, zihlanganisela phansi. Ukudlidliza okuvela ezigubhu kusiza ukuhlanganisa ngempumelelo nangokushesha noma iyiphi ingxenye yomgwaqo omkhulu ezigingqika phakathi kwayo. Amarola e-Tandem asebenza kahle ekuhlanganiseni izindawo ezihamba kancane noma eziyisicaba njenge-asphalt. Kodwa-ke, njengoba bengenawo ama-traction, awafanele amaphrojekthi athile. 

buhle

• Ilungele amaphrojekthi amakhulu.
• Igandaya futhi isicaba ingxenye yonke ngokushesha.

cunt

• Kuyabiza.
• Inokudonsa okuncane nokuhamba.

I-Sheepsfoot noma i-padfoot roller

The i-roller yomgwaqo we-sheepsfoot inezinyawo eziningi ezimise okonxande noma ama-lugs. Zilungele ukuhlanganisa imigwaqo ngenhlabathi noma ubumba olunodaka. Njengoba afakwe ama-protrusions a-serrated, angacindezela izinto ezijulile. Ukwengeza, isisindo sesigubhu se-Padfoot singathuthukiswa ngokusigcoba ngesihlabathi esimanzi namanzi noma ukusifaka ngezingxenye zensimbi, ngaleyo ndlela kunikeze umsebenzi ongcono wokuhlanganisa. 

Inkampani esebenza kumaphrojekthi anenhlabathi ejulile enezinhlamvu ezinhle noma ubumba olumanzi izokwenza umsebenzi wayo wokuhlanganisa kahle ngalawa marola. Ngemva kokugijima indawo ngefolda yezimvu, u-opharetha angagijima phezu kwendawo nge-roller yomoya ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle. 

buhle

• Isebenza ngempumelelo ngezinto ezifana nodaka nobumba.
• Ingangena ijule kunerola yomgwaqo wesigubhu esibushelelezi.
• Ihlanganisa inhlabathi ngesivinini esikhulu.
• Isebenza kahle ngezikhala eziwumngcingo ngenxa yokuhamba kwayo. 

bawo

• Ayiwufanele umhlabathi owomile.
• Ayilungele inhlabathi eyimbudumbudu.

I-roller ekhathele ye-pneumatic

Amarola omgwaqo womoya zibalulekile ezindaweni zemisebenzi ezidinga ukuxova nokuvala. Ziyakwazi nezimo futhi ziyakwazi ukusebenza kuma-aggregates kanye nezindawo ze-asphalt. Umsebenzisi angakwazi ukulungisa ukucindezela kwamathayi ngenkathi esekhebhuni, futhi alungele amaphrojekthi amakhulu. Isici sokulungiswa komfutho womoya wamathayi senza amarola we-pneumatic aguquguquke ngoba angakwazi ukulingana nengcindezi ethile efiselekayo yemisebenzi ethile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iphakheji ye-ballast ingafakwa noma isuswe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle komshini. 

Amarola akhathele womoya ahlinzeka ngokungena okuthuthukisiwe okumile enhlabathini yesayithi. Lolu hlobo lwamarola, uma lusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni komgwaqo, luzonqanda umonakalo ongakafiki ngesikhathi, ukubhodloka kanye nemigodi ewumphumela wemishini yokwakha engekho emthethweni. 

buhle

• Ingasetshenziselwa inhlabathi kanye netiyela, konga inani lemishini edingekayo yephrojekthi.
• Isiza ukufeza ukushelela okuhle kakhulu kanye nokuminyana okukhulu ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa komgwaqo. 
• Inikeza ingcindezi efanayo ngobubanzi bamathayi ayo.

bawo

• Njengoba inonyawo olukhulu, idinga amandla aphezulu okucindezela kokuqala, okwenza kube nzima ukuyinyakaza.
• Inyuse izindleko zokuyilungisa ngoba amasondo angakwazi ukubhoboza kalula, okuholela ekutheni kube namafulethi ajwayelekile.

I-roller yegridi

I-sheepsfoot roller ineziphambeko zayo ngezinto ze-granular noma ezinamatshe, futhi i-grid roller yathuthukiswa ukuxazulula inkinga. Ngendawo yawo eyisilinda esindayo, lo mshini ufakwe izinsimbi zensimbi ukuze wakhe igridi. Abanye abakhi baphinde bashaye i-roller ngamabhulokhi kakhonkolo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwayo.

Nakuba inengcindezi yokuxhumana ephakeme kune-sheepsfoot, inikeza isenzo esincane sokuxova. Amarola okugaya afanele amatshe aguquliwe kanye nenhlabathi emahhadlahhashi esezingeni eliphansi kumaphrojekthi okwakhiwa kwemigwaqo engaphansi kanye nephansi.

buhle

• Ilungele amaphrojekthi angaphansi kanye ne-subgrade. 
• Isebenzisa izinto ezigayiwe ezigaywe kabusha, okwenza kube nezindleko eziphansi.

bawo

• Ayilungele inhlabathi efanayo, ubumba olunodaka, noma i-clayey.

Irola elidlidlizayo

Amarola adlidlizayo zifana nezigubhu ezibushelelezi zesigubhu; umehluko ukuthi amarola adlidlizayo anezingxenye ezikhethekile zokudlidliza. Njengoba u-opharetha eshayela i-roller, ihlanganisa futhi inhlabathi ibe isicaba. Ukudlidliza kusiza ukuvala noma yiziphi izikhala enhlabathini, ukhonkolo, noma itiyela elingabangela isakhiwo ukuba sizike. Lo mshini ubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ubuqotho bephrojekthi yokwakha. 

buhle

• Njengoba isebenzisa amandla aguqukayo namile, ihlanganisa ngokugcwele indawo engaphansi kwesondo.
• Inokukhipha amandla aphezulu nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe.

bawo

• Ayilungele izindawo zokulahla noma inhlabathi ehlangene. 

Abadlali bemakethe ababalulekile

• BOMAG GmbH 
• Caterpillar
• Ukulinganisa kwenkampani Speedcrafts Limited
• SANY Group
• Inkampani Changlin Limited
• I-Liugong Machinery Co., Ltd
• I-XCMG Construction Machinery Co., Ltd.
• I-Xiamen XGMA Machinery Co., Ltd.

Isiphetho

Nakuba ama-roller omgwaqo enganikezwa isikweletu esikhulu njengeminye imishini yokwakha, ukubaluleka kwawo akunakugcizelelwa ngokweqile. Wonke umsebenzi wokwakha ohlala njalo udinga isisekelo esizinzile ukuze umelane novivinyo lwesikhathi. Ama-roller omgwaqo asiza ukuqinisa lezi zisekelo, kodwa izinkampani zokwakha kufanele ziqale zikhethe uhlobo olufanele ngokusekelwe kuphrojekthi ekhona.