Ibhethri Lemoto Nezesekeli: Indlela Yokuhlola Nokushajwa

Ibhethri lemoto ngokuvamile lingenye yezingxenye ezingahloliwe kakhulu zesistimu yemoto kuze kube yilapho kuthulekile lapho uzama ukuqalisa injini. Lokhu kungenzeka ngezikhathi ezingavamile njengalapho sekwephuzile emsebenzini, ohambweni oluphuthumayo, nokunye okuningi. Kuyamangaza ukuthi imibiko iveza ukuthi iningi labanikazi bezimoto abalibheki ibhethri lemoto kuze kube yileso sikhathi.

Njengengxenye yezinyathelo zokuvimbela ukugwema izinto ezingalindelekile ezingajabulisi, kubalulekile ukufunda indlela yokuhlola ibhethri lemoto ukuze unqume ukuthi lidinga ukushintshwa nini noma lishajwe nini. Lo mhlahlandlela uzokuqondisa kukho konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nokuhlola amandla kagesi ebhethri lemoto nokuthi uyishaja kanjani uma kudingeka.

Okuqukethwe
Amasistimu ebhethri lemoto
Lihlolwa kanjani ibhethri lemoto 
Ishajwa kanjani ibhethri lemoto
Isiphetho 

Amasistimu ebhethri lemoto

Umsebenzi oyinhloko webhethri lemoto ukuhlinzeka ngokunyakaziswa kwamandla kagesi ukunika amandla isistimu kagesi yemoto okuhlanganisa izibani, i-Starter motor, ikhoyili yokushisa, Futhi amalambu angaphakathi. Le ndlu encane yamandla idinga ukunikeza amandla kagesi aphezulu adingekayo ukuze injini iqhubeke isebenza, yingakho iyinhliziyo yanoma iyiphi imoto.

Ngenxa yokwanda kokuthengiswa kwezimoto emhlabeni wonke, usayizi wemakethe yebhethri yemoto ukhuphukele kuye $ 43.32 billion ngo-2020 futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele ezigidini ezingama-45.10 ngo-2021 kanye nama-65.62 ngo-2028 ku-CAGR ka-5.5% phakathi kuka-2021 no-2028.

Amabhethri emoto ngokuvamile anesikhathi sokuphila I-3 eminyakeni engu-4 kuye ngezici ezifana nemikhuba yokushayela (imvamisa yokusetshenziswa), izimo zezulu, nokuchayeka, yingakho isidingo sokuhlolwa kwebhethri okuvamile—yithi izikhathi ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3 ngonyaka. Qhubeka ufunde ukuze uthole ukuthi ungalihlola kanjani kalula ibhethri lemoto yakho futhi ulishaje uma kukhona ukwehla kwamandla kagesi.

Lihlolwa kanjani ibhethri lemoto

Ulwazi lwangaphambilini lokuhlola i-voltage yemoto ibhethri kubaluleke kakhulu. Nokho, abanikazi bezimoto bangase babone izimpawu ezithile ezihlobene namabhethri emoto amabi. Lokhu kubandakanya;

– Isibani sebhethri sikhanyisiwe kudeshibhodi

– Injini inyakaza kancane uma iqala

- Imoto idinga ukugxuma njalo

- Ukuchofoza lapho uvula injini

– Izibani zifiphele

– Imoto ngeke iqale

Umhlahlandlela wesinyathelo ngesinyathelo ukuhlola ibhethri lemoto nge-multimeter

Iningi labanikazi bezimoto lizothola a i-multimeter iyasiza lapho ihlola ibhethri lemoto njengoba inikeza idatha enembe kakhulu. I-multimeter iyithuluzi lokuhlola elisetshenziselwa ukukala ama-amps, ama-volts, nokumelana nomthombo kagesi. Unalokho engqondweni, ake sihlole izinyathelo zokuhlola ukufundwa kwamandla kagesi ebhethri lemoto.

1. Hlanganisa ibhethri

Okokuqala, udinga ukuthola indawo yebhethri yemoto ngokubheka incwadi yemoto. Izimoto eziningi zesimanje zinebhethri lazo (ibhokisi elimnyama eliwunxande elinamatheminali amabili phezulu) elitholakala ngaphansi kwebhonethi ekhoneni elingaphambili kwesokudla. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amagilavu ​​esandla lapho uphatha ibhethri ukugwema ukulimala esikhumbeni ngenxa yokuchayeka okuqondile ku-asidi yebhethri noma ukugqwala kumatheminali ebhethri.

2. Lungisa i-multimeter

Ukuze usebenzise i-multimeter ekuhloleni i-voltage yebhethri lemoto, ukudayela kwe-multimeter kufanele kusethelwe ku-20 volts. Futhi, ukuze urekhode ukufundwa okunembe kakhudlwana, kuyadingeka ukususa ukushajwa okungaphezulu ebhethrini ngokukhanyisa amalambu cishe imizuzu emi-2 ngaphambi kokuwacisha.

3. Linganisa futhi urekhode

Uma ibhethri ne-multimeter sekusendaweni, sekuyisikhathi sokuthatha ukufundwa kwe-voltage yebhethri. Qinisekisa ukuthi uhlanza amatheminali ebhethri ukuze ukhiphe ukugqwala njengoba lokhu kungase kuphazamise ukufundwa kwe-multimeter. Xhuma i-probe ebomvu ye-multimeter kutheminali ephozithivu yebhethri kanye ne-probe emnyama kutheminali enegethivu.

4. Thatha ukufundwa kwamandla kagesi

Uma imoto icishiwe futhi ibhethri liphumule, i-voltage kufanele isuke I-12.2 kuya ku-12.6 volts uma ibhethri lilihle futhi lanele ukuyigcina injini phezulu nokugijima. Kodwa uma i-voltage iwela ngaphansi kuka-12.2, i-voltage ephumayo ayinamandla futhi ibhethri idinga ukushajwa noma ukushintshwa.

Kudingeka okunye ukuhlola ukuze kutholwe ukuthi ibhethri kufanele ishajwe noma ishintshwe, futhi lokhu kuholela ekuhlolweni komjikelezo we-crank. Kulesi sivivinyo, injini ivuliwe futhi i-voltage ehlehlisiwe yama-volts angu-10 kufanele itholakale uma ibhethri lihle. Uma i-voltage iwela kancane ngaphansi kuka-10 kodwa enkulu kuno-5, ibhethri idinga ukushajwa kodwa uma i-voltage iwela ngaphansi kuka-5, ibhethri libi futhi lidinga ukushintshwa ngokushesha ukuze kugwenywe izimanga ezingajabulisi kanye nokwehluleka okuseduze.

Ishajwa kanjani ibhethri lemoto

Ngenxa yomthwalo omkhulu onikezwe ibhethri lemoto, ugesi wayo uzokwehla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yemikhuba yokushayela noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwebhethri. alternator. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kungase kudingeke ushayele isevisi yezimoto eziseceleni komgwaqo noma uhambise imoto yakho eseduze isiteshi sokulungisa. Zombili lezi zinketho ziletha iziphazamiso eziningi, yingakho abanikazi bezimoto kudingeka bazi ukuthi bashajwa kanjani ibhethri lemoto uma kunesidingo.

Izinyathelo zokuphepha lapho ushaja ibhethri lemoto.

Amabhethri emoto aqukethe ama-asidi abolayo futhi ahlinzeka ngamagesi ukuze anike amandla imoto. Unalokhu engqondweni, ibhethri lingaba yingozi uma liphathwa ngokunganaki phakathi nenqubo yokushaja. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi esilandelayo lapho uvula ihood ukuze ushaje ibhethri lakho, qiniseka ukuthi ugcina lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha engqondweni ukuze uzivikele wena nebhethri.

1. Gqoka izibuko zokuphepha futhi amagilavu ​​anobufakazi be-asidi ngaphambi kokushaja.

2. Qinisekisa ukuthi ibhethri lakho lidinga ukushajwa.

Hlola njalo amandla ebhethri lakho nge- imitha yebhethri yedijithali noma i-multimeter kanye namandla adonsela phansi athile e-electrolyte yayo ene- i-hydrometer ngaphambi kokushaja. Kuyinhlekelele ukushaja ibhethri eligcwele.

3. Sebenzisa kuphela amashaja ebhethri emoto anconyiwe.

Bheka umhlahlandlela wemoto ukuze wazi ukusebenzisana kweshaja yebhethri namandla okukhipha amandla.

4. Cisha zonke izingxenye zikagesi zemoto ngaphambi kokushaja.

Isetshenziswa kanjani ishaja yebhethri yemoto

Amashaja emoto ziyizinhlobo ezimbili. Okuhlukile kokuqala kuza nentambo futhi kusebenzisa ugesi ukushaja. Zinhle ekunikezeni ukushaja okuzinzile ebhethrini lakho.

Uhlobo lwesibili yi- ishaja ephathekayo. Lokhu okuhlukile kuklanyelwe ukugcinwa emotweni ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuze kunikwe amandla ibhethri lakho esimweni esiphuthumayo. Ayakwazi ukushajwa futhi afika nomthombo wamandla obekwe eceleni ukuze ashaje ibhethri lemoto yakho noma kunini.

Amashaja aphathekayo afika ngosayizi abaningana namakhono, ngakho qiniseka ukuthi uthenga eyodwa engakunikeza isilinganiso esiphezulu semoto yakho. Nalu uhlu lokuhlola ukuthi isetshenziswa kanjani ishaja yebhethri yemoto;

– Hlanganisa ibhethri bese ugqoka izingubo zokuzivikela.

– Bheka ibhukwana lemoto ukuze uthole amandla kagesi webhethri futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ihambisana namandla kagesi aphumayo eshaja.

– Thola amatheminali anegethivu kanye namaphozithivu ebhethri. Ikhebuli ephozithivu izoba bomvu futhi iboniswe ngesifinyezo esithi +, P, noma i-POS kuyilapho itheminali enegethivu cishe izohlale imnyama futhi iboniswa ngu-, N, noma NEG isifinyezo.

– Qinisekisa ukuthi ishaja ivaliwe noma ayixhunyiwe, bese uxhuma isiqeshana esiyiphozithivu yeshaja kutheminali ephozithivu yebhethri elandelwa isiqeshana esinegethivu. Zama ukungahlehli uxhumano; okuhle kumele kuxhunywe ngaphambi kokunegethivu.

- Setha i-voltage ephumayo ukuze ihambelane nomthamo omkhulu webhethri webhethri. Bese ulungisa ama-amps njengoba kudingeka futhi usethe isibali sikhathi.

– Vala ishaja uma ukushaja sekuqediwe. Qinisekisa ukuthi uyayicisha ishaja ngaphambi kokukhipha noma yiziphi izintambo—ikhebula eliphozithivu kuqala ngaphambi kwekhebuli eyinegethivu.

Isiphetho

Amabhethri emoto ayinhliziyo nomoya wanoma iyiphi imoto, yingakho abanikazi bezimoto kumele baqinisekise ukuthi ahlala esesimweni esihle. Izinto eziningi zingathinta ukusebenza kwebhethri, ngakho-ke kubalulekile kuphela ukuthi abathengisi bazi ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlola okulula kumabhethri ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi alungele ukuthengiswa.

Uma ubheke ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lwakho lwezingxenye zemoto nezinto ezisetshenziswayo, kukhona ibhulogi ezinikele yokuthi ungayixilonga kanjani inkinga yenjini yemoto. lapha.