Ukukhetha Ama-TV Transmitters Angcono Kakhulu ngo-2025

Ukusakazwa kukamabonakude kubalulekile ekuletheni ulwazi lwe-TV emphakathini, futhi lokhu okusha okubalulekile konke kwenziwa kwaba nokwenzeka ikakhulukazi ngobuchwepheshe bomshini wokusakaza we-TV. Qhubeka nokufunda ukuze uhlole ukuthi iyini i-TV transmitter, amandla ayo emakethe yomhlaba wonke, nokuthi ungawakhetha kanjani ama-transmitters abathengi bakho abazowathanda ngo-2025.

Okuqukethwe
Abasakazi be-TV namandla abo emakethe yomhlaba wonke
Ukukhetha isidluliseli se-TV esifanele ongasithengisa
Ama-TV ama-transmitters ahlukene abasebenzisi
    Ama-transmitter we-TV anamandla aphansi
    Ama-TV anamandla amaphakathi
    Ama-transmitter we-TV anamandla aphezulu
Isiphetho sendaba

Abasakazi be-TV namandla abo emakethe yomhlaba wonke

Yonke inqubo yokusakaza ye-TV ingaba yinde futhi ibe yinkimbinkimbi, ingafaki nje kuphela i-jargon yezobuchwepheshe ebanzi namadivayisi kodwa futhi nolwazi olubalulekile lwenqubo yokudlulisa i-TV iyonke. Isibonelo, amasistimu okuhambisa i-TV, i-antenna ye-TV yangaphandle, uthi lwe-TV yasendlini, nothi olukhulisiwe, noma imibhoshongo yokusakaza ye-TV kuphakathi kwemishini evamile etholakala ekusetheni ukusakaza. Njengomthengisi, ake sigxile ezintweni eziyisisekelo nokuthi isethi yesistimu yesidlulisi se-TV ingayenza kanjani ngempumelelo.

Isethi yamasistimu emishini yokusakaza ye-TV isebenza njengamathuluzi amaphakathi adlulisa kokubili amasiginali alalelwayo nawevidiyo esuka esiteshini sokusakaza kamabonakude iye komabonakude ekhaya nasemabhizinisini, elekelelwa izinhlobo ezifanele zezimpondo kuye ngokukhava okudingekayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izimpondo ze-TV zasendlini zezindawo ezincane, ezivalekile kanye nezimpondo ze-TV zangaphandle ukuze zimbozwe kabanzi, zivuleleke.

Njengabo bonke obunye ubuchwepheshe bokusakaza, izidluliseli ze-TV ekuqaleni zaqala njengemishini ye-analog kodwa manje seziguquke zaba ezinguqulweni zedijithali ngokuyinhloko ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi nokusebenza kahle. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi idijithali noma i-analog TV transmitter, izindima zabo eziyinhloko zisasele ukumodela, ukukhulisa, kanye nokudlulisa amasiginali alalelwayo nawevidiyo ukusuka esiteshini sokusakaza kuya kumabonakude ngamanye.

Ama-TV wedijithali, nokho, hlanganisa isinyathelo esisodwa esengeziwe sombhalo wekhodi wedijithali kanye nokuminyanisa ngaphambi kwenqubo evamile yokushintshashintsha, njengoba amasiginali wevidiyo nawomsindo kufanele aqale aguqulwe abe amafomethi edijithali futhi acindezelwe ngaphambi kokuba adluliselwe kahle. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi, nokho, ama-TV wesathelayithi edijithali, ezisebenzisa ngokuyinhloko izitsha zesathelayithi njengezisetshenziswa zokudlulisela, azifani ncamashi nama-TV edijithali. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-TV wesathelayithi yedijithali athembele kumabhendi amafrikhwensi ahlukene kanye nobuchwepheshe besathelayithi, okubenza bahluke kuma-TV asemhlabeni wedijithali.

Umphumela wokugcina wokwamukela ama-TV edijithali ngama-transmitters e-analog yikhono lokudlulisa iziteshi eziningi ezitholakalayo ngencazelo ephezulu (HD) ngaphakathi kwebanga lamafrikhwensi afanayo, kuletha amasignali acace kakhudlwana, edijithali avikelwe ekuphazamisekeni ezithamelini. Okuqukethwe kwe-HD kwenziwa kwenzeke ngokucindezelwa nokucutshungulwa kwedijithali kuma-transmitters edijithali, ikhono izinhlelo ze-analog ezilwela ukulifinyelela ngenxa yemikhawulo yazo yomkhawulokudonsa engokwemvelo.

Eqinisweni, isidingo esikhulayo sakho kokubili kokuqukethwe kwe-HD kanye ne-Ultra-high-definition (UHD) saziwa kabanzi njengesici esibalulekile ekuqhubekiseni ukukhula kwemakethe ye-transmitter ye-TV yomhlaba. Imibiko emibili yezimboni iphethe ngokuthi imakethe yomhlaba wonke yokusakazwa kwe-TV kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule kancane ngesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esihlanganisiwe (CAGR) sika-2.3%.

The umbiko wokuqala ilinganisela ukuthi imakethe, enenani lamaRandi ayizigidi ezingama-627.5 ngonyaka ka-2020, izofinyelela ku- $ 737.1 million ngo-2027 esikhathini sokubikezela kusuka ngo-2020 kuya ku-2027. omunye umbiko kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule isuka ku-$643.1 million ngo-2023 iye ku-$755.5 million ngo-2030, esikhathini sokubikezela seminyaka eyisikhombisa. Lezi zibalo zibonisa ngokusobala ukuzethemba kwemakethe endimeni ekhulayo kanye nokufaneleka kobuchwepheshe bokudluliswa kwe-TV yedijithali emhlabeni osebenza ngedijithali ngokushesha.

Ukukhetha isidluliseli se-TV esifanele ongasithengisa

Ngokufanayo neminye imikhiqizo eminingi yokusakaza, ukuthola isidlulisi se-TV esifanele ukuze usithengise kuncike kakhulu kumasegimenti okuhlosiwe abathengisi abahlose ukuwafinyelela. Emakethe yokuthumela i-TV, izingxenye zamakhasimende okuhlosiwe zixhunywe eduze nokucatshangelwa okuthathu okuyinhloko: izindleko nesabelomali, indawo ekhavwayo, nokufakwa kanye nezidingo zokunakekela zesikhathi eside.

Ezimweni eziningi, abasebenzisi bokugcina abafuna izixazululo ezikhawulelwe zokukhava kuphela, njengokusakazwa komphakathi noma ukusakazwa kwe-TV kwendawo encane, ngokuvamile banebhajethi ephansi kakhulu. Ngaleso sikhathi, labo abadinga ukudluliselwa kwekhwalithi emaphakathi yendawo ethile yokusakaza ngokuvamile basekelwa amabhajethi amakhulu kakhulu. Ngakho, advanced, ama-TV omsakazo webanga elide ezinezidingo zebhajethi eziphakeme ngokuvamile zifanele imisakazo yomphakathi noma imikhakha ye-premium hospitality ehlose ukufinyelela izethameli ezibanzi nezihlukene.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkimbinkimbi yokufaka nezidingo eziqhubekayo zokulungisa, kanye nezidingo zokulawula nezamalayisense, kuvame ukukhuphuka kanye nobunkimbinkimbi babathumeli be-TV. Imikhiqizo yokusakaza ye-TV enezinqubo eziqondile zokufaka, ikakhulukazi imiklamo ye-plug-and-play, cishe njalo yamukelwa abasebenzisi abasabalali be-TV abancane, njengezikhungo zemfundo, amahhotela, namahhovisi ezinkampani. Ngokuphambene, izidluliseli ze-TV zedijithali ezinamandla amakhulu nezidluliseli zesathelayithi zivame ukudinga ukufakwa nokugcinwa okuyinkimbinkimbi, okuchwepheshile, ngakho-ke zifaneleka kakhulu kubasakazi bezinga elikhulu.

Ama-TV ama-transmitters ahlukene abasebenzisi

Ama-transmitter we-TV anamandla aphansi

Ama-transmitter we-TV anamandla aphansi yakhelwe ngokukhethekile isevisi ye-Low-Power Television (LPTV), echazwa yi- I-Federal Communications Commission (FCC) "njengokusakazwa kwethelevishini okugxile endaweni." Ngamanye amazwi, lawa ma-transmitters akulungele kahle ukusakazwa komphakathi ezindaweni ezincane, alungele izakhiwo ezithile, izikhungo zemfundo, amakhampasi, izibhedlela, noma izindawo zokuhlala. Esikhundleni sokukhomba ukusakazwa komphakathi okubanzi, izidluliseli ze-TV ezinamandla aphansi zihloselwe izethameli ezigxile, ezimboza ububanzi obujwayelekile bamandla obungu-100W ukuya ku-600W ngebanga elilinganiselwe lokusakaza.

Kuyafaneleka futhi ukuvuma ukuthi naphezu kokukhishwa kwamandla aphansi kwalaba bathumeli, ngokuvamile basabonisa amakhono athuthukile ezobuchwepheshe, okuhlanganisa ukuhambisana kwe-ATSC 3.0 kanye nemodularity, kuyilapho besekela izindinganiso zedijithali ezaziwa emhlabeni wonke njenge-ATSC 3.0, DVB-T/T2, kanye ne-ISDB-T.

Okuphawuleka kakhulu ngalolu hlobo lwedivayisi ukuthi kunokuba kube nokusethwa okubanzi kwama-transmitter afana nalawo asetshenziswa eziteshini zokusakaza ezisebenza ngokugcwele noma amasistimu anamandla amakhulu (okuvame ukudinga izingcezu eziningi zemishini ezinikele, njengamamojula ahlukene, ama-amplifiers, nokunye), amasistimu asakaza amandla aphansi we-TV angase ahlanganise le misebenzi ibe yiyunithi nje embalwa noma iyunithi eyodwa. Ngakho-ke, lawa ma-transmitters aqondiswe ngqo emakethe ye-LPTV, enemiklamo ehlelekile ngokuvamile eyanele, esebenza kahle, futhi etholakala ngezindleko eziphansi kakhulu.

Ama-TV anamandla amaphakathi

Ama-TV anamandla amaphakathi atholakala kancane emakethe, ikakhulukazi uma eqhathaniswa nama-transmitter anamandla aphansi kanye namandla aphezulu. Umehluko obaluleke kakhulu ukuthi abanye abakhiqizi bawudlula ngokuphelele ukukhiqizwa kwalolu hlu, belubheka njengolunomehluko omncane kakhulu kwamanye amamodeli amabili.

Mayelana nokufakwa, ama-transmitters aphakathi nendawo ngokuvamile asebenza ngaphakathi kwebanga lamandla angu-1.2kW kuya ku-4.5kW, kuye ngamazinga edijithali asetshenziswayo, njenge-ATSC, ATSC 3.0, DVB-T, noma ISDB-T. Lokhu kuphuma kwamandla aphezulu kunikeza ukufinyelela ebangeni elikhulu kunama-transmitters e-LPTV, okubavumela ukuthi bakhonze iziteshi zendawo noma iziteshi ze-TV zomphakathi emadolobheni amaningi noma amadolobha. Ngakho-ke, lezi zidluliseli zamandla aphakathi zithathwa njengezilungele ukusakazwa kwedolobha lonke noma isifunda, zinikeza amandla anele namandla esignali aqinile ukumboza izethameli ezinosayizi ophakathi.

Ibekwe phakathi kwezinketho zamandla aphansi kanye namandla aphezulu, izidluliseli ze-TV zamandla aphakathi zivame ukuba neqoqo eliphelele lezingxenye zokudlulisa, okuhlanganisa amamojula ahlukene, izikhulisamazwi, nezishumeki. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile banikeza izinketho ezimbalwa zokwenza ngokwezifiso kanye nokuguquguquka okuncane kunezinhlelo zamandla aphezulu.

Ama-transmitter we-TV anamandla aphezulu

Njengoba amandla omsakazo we-TV ephakama, amandla ayo okudlulisela aqina, okusho ukuthi futhi indawo ebanzi kakhulu—ama-TV anamandla aphezulu ngokwemvelo yakhelwe izinhlangano ezinkulu noma izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukufinyelelwa okubanzi. Kungakho futhi iziteshi zokusakaza ezisebenza ngamandla aphezulu kanye nenkonzo egcwele ngokuvamile zidinga ukusethwa kwe-transmitter okuphelele, okuvamise ukufaka amasethi aphelele emishini yokudlulisela, ingxenye ngayinye ezinikele ekuqinisekiseni ikhwalithi yesiginali enamandla kanye nokungena ukuze kufinyelelwe kabanzi.

Isibonelo, ukusethwa kwesidlulisi samandla aphezulu kuvame ukufaka amamoduli azimele ukuze aguqule isiginali ye-baseband ibe imvamisa oyifunayo yokudlulisela. Futhi banama-amplifiers ahlukene okuthuthukisa amandla esignali yokusakaza, kanye nezishumeki nama-exciters ukuguqula amasiginali omsindo nevidiyo abe amafomethi edijithali asetshenziswa kabanzi njenge-MPEG noma i-H.264.

Ngakho-ke empeleni, noma nini lapho abathengisi bebhekisela kuma-transmitter we-TV anamandla amakhulu, bavame ukukhuluma ngesethi ephelele Imishini yokusakaza ye-TV ifakwe ngaphakathi kwamayunithi afakwe kuma-rack, afana "namaseva" ekhompyutha ahlukahlukene kodwa asebenza njenge- uhlelo lokusakaza oludidiyelwe. Zonke izingxenye ngokuvamile ziyathengiswa futhi zihlanganiswe ndawonye, ​​​​zakha isistimu yesidlulisi esisodwa enezingxenye eziningi ezikhethekile ezisebenza ngokuhambisana.

Ngokubona amandla abo anamandla asukela ku-3kW kuye ku-11kW ngerack eyodwa ejwayelekile engu-19'', ama-TV anamandla amakhulu angakwazi ukumboza izindawo ezinkulu ngakho afanelekela ukusakazwa kwezwe noma kwesifunda. Lokhu kusakazwa okubanzi kulungele abasakazi bomphakathi abadinga ukufinyelela izethameli ezibanzi, ezihlukene ezindaweni ezibanzi, okuhlanganisa izindawo zasemadolobheni, amadolobha amaningi, noma imingcele yezwe.

Isiphetho sendaba

Ama-transmitters e-TV abalulekile kunoma yikuphi ukusethwa kokusakaza kukamabonakude. Njengoba nje ukukhethwa kwe-antenna ye-TV efanele kungaba nomthelela oqondile kwikhwalithi yokwamukela uhlelo lwe-TV, ukusakazwa kwe-TV okuphumelelayo kuqala ngokukhethwa kwezidlulisi ze-TV ezifanele kakhulu. Ama-Digital TV transmitters manje asezingeni lemboni yomhlaba wonke, kancane kancane ashintsha ama-analog transmitters ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwawo okuthuthukisiwe kanye nekhono lokusekela ukudluliswa kweziteshi eziningi nezici zokuphindaphinda ezivumela ukwethembeka HD kanye nokulethwa kokuqukethwe kwe-UHD.

Indawo esetshenziswayo, imikhawulo yesabelomali, ukufakwa, kanye nezidingo zokunakekela zesikhathi eside yizici ezintathu eziyinhloko abathengisi okufanele bazihlole ngokucophelela lapho bekhetha ama-transmitters e-TV abazowathengisa. Lokhu kucatshangelwa kuhlobene eduze nezidingo ezihlukene zezigaba ezahlukene zamakhasimende. Amandla aphansi, amandla aphakathi nendawo, kanye nezidluliseli ze-TV zedijithali ezinamandla amakhulu ziyizinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ezibhekana nezidingo ezihlukile zamakhasimende namaqembu abasebenzisi; abathengisi kufanele bakhethe ngokucophelela ukuhlangabezana nalezi zidingo ezithile ngempumelelo.

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