Ngaphambi kokwethulwa okuzayo kwezinyathelo zenqubomgomo ye-EU Ecodesign kanye ne-Energy Label yemikhiqizo ye-solar PV, i-SolarPower Europe iletha ukucabanga okuthile ngesihloko, yengeza imininingwane ezingxoxweni eziqhubekayo zemboni.
Kulabo abaziyo, izinyathelo zenqubomgomo ezayo ye-EU Ecodesign kanye ne-Energy Label yemikhiqizo ye-solar PV ingezinye zezingxenye zomthetho ezilindelwe ngabomvu emisebenzini. Lezi yizidingo zobuchwepheshe nolwazi ezibeka amazinga amancane okujikeleza, ukusebenza kwamandla kanye nokusimama kwemvelo emikhiqizweni efakwa emakethe yaseYurophu.
Ngo-2021, imithetho ye-Ecodesign yonga abathengi baseYurophu ama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-120 (amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-129.5) ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla futhi kwaholela ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla okuphansi ngo-10%. Imithetho ye-Ecodesign iyasebenza emaqenjini emikhiqizo angaphezu kwama-30, kanti Ukulebula Amandla kusebenza kwabaningi baleyo. Kuze kube manje, imikhiqizo ye-solar photovoltaic yayingenaso isigaba somkhiqizo - kodwa lokho sekuzoshintsha. Kuningi ukuqagela nokukhathazeka mayelana nokuthi izidingo zokugcina ze-Ecodesign kanye nelebula lamandla emikhiqizweni ye-PV zingase zibukeke kanjani, ngakho-ke kuyasiza ukuhlehla, ubuyekeze inqubo, futhi uhlukanise izindikimba eziphindaphindayo ezinkulumweni zomkhakha.
I-European Commission isabalalise uhlaka lwezinyathelo ze-PV Ecodesign kanye ne-Energy Label ngoJuni 2022, iphakamisa izimfuneko ku-carbon footprint eshumekiwe ephezulu, izidingo zekhwalithi encane nokuthembeka, ukudalulwa kokuqukethwe okubalulekile nezinye izici eziyindilinga zamamojula we-PV nama-inverter. NgoMashi 2023, isibuyekezo sendlela yokubala ye-carbon footprint esalungiswa sasakazwa phakathi kwababambe iqhaza.
Ngalezi zinhlaka ezisalungiswa, imboni ibinezinto eziningi ezikhathazayo ezifanele, ezinye zazo ebezidingidwa kamuva nje. Isici esisodwa esibalulekile yindlela yokubala ye-carbon footprint accounting, edinga ukusethwa ngendlela evimbela noma yikuphi ukubika okungalungile. Ukukhethwa kweyunithi yokusebenza kwe-carbon footprint - noma kucatshangelwa umthamo wemojula ye-nameplate (kW), noma kunalokho ugesi we-PV okhiqizwe kuyo yonke impilo yemojuli (kWh) - kuqubule inkulumo-mpikiswano. Okukhathazayo ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okungalungile kwemingcele edingekayo ukuze kuguqulwe i-carbon footprint evezwe nge-kWp ibe ifomethi ye-kWh, okuyingxenye esebenzayo ngaphansi kwendlela yamanje yeKhomishini YaseYurophu, kungavula amathuba okukhwabanisa. Le mingcele iwukukhipha amandla emojula, izinga lokuwohloka kwemojuli, i-solar irradiance, kanye nesikhathi sokuphila semojula, ngokuyisisekelo izici ezivumela ukubala isivuno samandla empilo yonke kusuka kumthamo wemojula ye-nameplate.
Nokho, uma ubhekisisa, leyo ngozi incane kakhulu njengoba le mingcele imisiwe, noma isekelwe kumanani ahlosiwe: ukuphuma kwamandla kunqunywa ngaphansi kwezimo zokuhlola ezijwayelekile; izinga lokuwohloka kanye ne-solar irradiance kuzoba amanani angashintshi; isikhathi sokuphila semojula kuzoba inani eligxilile noma ngokusekelwe esicelweni somkhiqizo, inqobo nje uma kunemibandela yewaranti encane esebenza. Imboni ingazizwa iqinisekile - uma indlela yokusebenza yehla ngalo mgudu, njengoba silindele ukuthi iKhomishini YaseYurophu izokwenza, futhi inqobo nje uma amanani angashintshi enengqondo, ngeke kube khona indawo yokubika okungalungile kusetshenziswa iyunithi yokusebenza kwe-kWh.
Elinye iphuzu okuxoxwa ngalo ukusetshenziswa kwezitifiketi eziluhlaza ekubalweni kukagesi kwabakhiqizi. Impela, njengoba umkhakha wokuthenga ovuselelekayo ukhula, indima yezitifiketi ezithembekile eziluhlaza ikhula ngokubaluleke kakhulu. Uhlaka lwango-2023 seluvele lusebenzisana nale nselelo, lubeka imibandela encane yokuthembeka ezosetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezitifiketi eziluhlaza ezinokwethenjelwa nezingathembekile. Siyaqonda futhi ukuthi iKhomishana iyaqhubeka nokusebenza ngesihloko futhi ihlela nokubeka imibandela eqinile ngokwengeziwe ekhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwezitifiketi eziluhlaza, ukuhlanganisa indlela yokusebenza neminye imikhakha eqhutshwa inqubo efanayo - isb umkhakha webhethri. I-European Commission isivele isayine izikhathi ezimbalwa ukuthi ngeke ize yamukele ngokungaboni izikimu zesitifiketi sezwe lesithathu eliluhlaza ngaphandle kokwethembeka okuboniswa ngokucacile.
Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izitifiketi eziluhlaza esizisebenzisayo zithembekile. Kubalulekile futhi ukuvuma ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okuqondile kukagesi ovuselelekayo, njengokusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-PV oluzisebenzisela wena olutholakala endaweni yokukhiqiza, kunciphisa ngokusobala i-carbon footprint yenqubo yokukhiqiza - lokhu kuwumkhuba omuhle okufanele siwukhuthaze futhi siwuvume ngaphakathi komthetho. Ngokumelene nalesi sizinda, ukusebenzisa izingxube zamandla kazwelonke kuphela ukuze kunqunywe indawo yekhabhoni yomkhiqizo kunganciphisa ngokungadingekile futhi ngokuphawulekayo imbudumbudu.
Ngaphandle kokukhathazeka okuvamile mayelana nokuqukethwe kwemithetho, kuphinde kwaba neziphakamiso ezingahambisani nesisekelo esisemthethweni se-Ecodesign & Energy Label. Kube nezincomo zokushintsha Ilebula Lamandla libe inkomba yekhabhoni eshumekiwe noma amandla. Lokhu kuvela ekuhumusheni kabi okuvamile kwendima ye-Energy Label, okuyithuluzi elihloselwe ukukhombisa ukusebenza kwamandla komkhiqizo emehlweni abasebenzisi bokugcina - ngamanye amazwi, ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kwemojula ye-PV kuzobasiza kangakanani ukukhiqiza amandla aluhlaza futhi bonge ezikweletini zikagesi. Izohambisana nelebula ongayibona esiqandisini sakho, ngaphandle kokuthi ikhombisa ukuthi angakanani amandla akhiqizwa yimojula ye-PV, kunamandla asetshenziswa idivayisi. Kakhulu, ilebula yekhabhoni eshumekiwe ingase ifakwe njengenkomba ehlukile kulebula yamandla kodwa akufanele iguqule umsebenzi oyisisekelo welebula.
Esinye isiphakamiso sibonakala sisikisela ukuthi i-Ecodesign ingaba esikhundleni senqubomgomo yezimboni zelanga i-EU ngokungangabazeki isilela kuyo. Kwa-SolarPower Europe, siyacaca ukuthi amazinga okufinyelela ezimakethe asekelwe ku-ESG, njenge-Ecodesign noma umthetho wokusimama kwe-supply chain njengoMthetho Ophoqelelwe Wabasebenzi, ahambisana nomgomo oqinile wezimboni. Amazinga okufinyelela emakethe asiza abakhiqizi base-Europe baqhudelane endaweni yokudlala nabadlali bomhlaba wonke - bonke baboshwa yimithetho efanayo.
Ngoba kukhona iphuzu elibalulekile: I-Ecodesign ayiphathelene nenqubomgomo yezimboni; lokho kungafana nokuzama ukusebenzisa i-baseball bat ukuxazulula i-cube ye-Rubik. Kumelwe sigweme izithiyo zokungenisa izinto ezifihliwe ezibeka ingozi yokunciphisa imakethe yelanga, kodwa okubaluleke nakakhulu, kunezixazululo ezingcono ezitholakalayo zokusekela abakhiqizi belanga baseYurophu abasenkingeni. Sicindezela i-EU Special Purpose Vehicle ukuthi ithenge futhi idayise kabusha isitoko sika-2023, futhi sinxusa Amazwe Angamalungu ukuthi acabangele iziqinisekiso zezwe noma imigqa yezikweletu kubakhiqizi abagulayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinqubomgomo zokusimama ngaphansi kwezinhlelo zikazwelonke kanye noMthetho Wezimboni ze-Net-Zero kufanele zidlale indima ebalulekile, kuyilapho i-European Investment Bank kufanele isekele amaphrojekthi okuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga. I-EU kufanele futhi ize ne-Solar Manufacturing Facility ethile, exhumene ne-Innovation Fund noma i-Sovereignty Fund.
Silindele isiphakamiso esilandelayo esisalungiswa semithetho ye-Ecodesign & Energy Label Solar PV emasontweni ezayo. Nakuba isikhathi sishintshashintsha, futhi sesivele singaphansi kokubambezeleka, lokhu kungase kusho ukuthi iphakethe lingagunyazwa ngokusemthethweni phakathi nonyaka wamanje, nemithetho eqala ukusebenza ngo-2025. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuphothulwa okufika ngesikhathi futhi kungabikho ukuphambana okwengeziwe ukuze wenze isiqiniseko sokuthi umkhakha welanga laseYurophu usuzobamba iqhaza elibalulekile enseleleni yokususa i-carbonisation.
Umbhali: Raffaele Rossi
U-Raffaele Rossi uyiNhloko Yezobunhloli Bemakethe e-SolarPower Europe futhi uhlanganise imizamo ye-SolarPower Europe's Product Sustainability Workstream (kanye nabangaphambi kwayo) kusukela ngo-2019.
Imibono nemibono evezwe kulesi sihloko ngeyombhali ngokwakhe, futhi ayibonisi leyo ephethwe nguye pv umagazini.
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