Abacwaningi baseSpain baye benza ukuhlaziya okuqhathanisayo kokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen enikwe amandla e-PV minyaka yonke ukuze kulungiselelwe okuqondile nokungaqondile futhi bathole ukuthi izinhlelo ezingaqondile azikhiqizi nje i-hydrogen eningi kodwa futhi zibonisa ukukhuthazela okuphezulu ekulahlekeni kwamandla emojula.
Izikimu zokucushwa kokuhlanganisa okuqondile (a) kanye nokucushwa kokuhlanganisa okungaqondile (b)
Isithombe: Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ukuguqulwa Kwamandla Nokuphatha, CC BY 4.0
Ososayensi base-Spain's Technical University of Madrid benze ucwaningo lokuqhathanisa lokucushwa okuqondile nokungaqondile kokuhlanganisa kwe-PV nama-electrolyzers ekukhiqizeni i-hydrogen eluhlaza (H2). Ucwaningo belusekelwe ezilinganisweni zezinombolo ezenziwe kusofthiwe ye-MATLAB, enezimo zezulu ezisuselwe onyakeni ojwayelekile wesimo sezulu eMadrid.
Amasistimu e-hydrogen anamandla e-PV lapho okokufaka kwe-electrolyzer kuxhunywe ekuphumeni kukagesi kwejeneretha ye-PV ngaphandle kwesiteji samandla esimaphakathi ngokuvamile kubhekiselwa kuzo njengokucushwa kokuhlanganisa okuqondile.. Amasistimu anokumiswa okungaqondile, ngokuphambene, ahlanganisa ama-electronics ukuze acheme ijeneretha ye-PV ngamandla ayo aphezulu futhi asebenzise i-maximum power point tracking (MPPT) eqinisekisa ukukhuliswa kokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-PV njengoba izimo zesimo sezulu ziyahlukahluka, ngesiguquli se-DC-DC esihambisana namandla okukhiphayo anikezwa yi-MPPT namandla okufaka e-electrolyzer.
"Ukucushwa okungaqondile kuhilela isigaba samandla (i-PS) esine-tracker yamandla aphezulu kanye nesiguquli se-DC-DC, esigcina ukudluliswa kwamandla afanele ukusuka ku-PV kuya kuma-electrolyzers kodwa kuletha ukulahlekelwa ku-PS. Ukucushwa okuqondile kugwema lokhu kulahlekelwa kodwa kudinga umklamo othize we-PV generator ukuze kuzuzwe ukudluliswa kukagesi okuphezulu, "kusho ososayensi, bebhekisela ebuhleni nasebubini obuyinhloko bokucushwa ngakunye.
“Ekuvikeleni ukuhlangana okuqondile, ababhali abaningana bathi lokhu kumiswa kungaba kuhle ngokwanele ukuze kube ne-electrolyzer esebenza eduze ne-MPP uma i-PV array kanye ne-electrolyzer yakhelwe kahle; abanye bathi ukucushwa kokuxhumana okuqondile kunenzuzo kwezomnotho, njengoba izindleko zezinhlelo zokuhlanganisa zikagesi zigwenywa ngokuphelele.”
Iqembu locwaningo lenze uchungechunge lokulingisa ekusetheni kokuhlola okuhlanganisa imojuli yelanga engu-100 W kanye ne-electrolyzer ye-proton exchange membrane (PEM) enobuningi bamanje obungu-4 A-cm2. Endabeni yesistimu engaqondile, ukusebenza kahle kokuguqula i-DC-DC kucatshangwa ukuthi yi-95%, kuyilapho esimweni sesistimu eqondile, inani lamaseli elanga axhunywe ochungechungeni nendawo yeseli yathuthukiswa ngenkathi igcina amandla we-module ye-PV ukuze kuqhathaniswe kahle.
"Ukuba khona kwe-MPPT kwenza i-module ye-PV isebenze ku-MPPT yazo zonke izimo zezulu, ngokungafani nokucushwa okuqondile kokuxhumanisa, okusebenza kuphela eduze ne-MPPT ngohlu oluyivelakancane lwe-irradiance yomhlaba wonke kanye nezinga lokushisa., ngisho nalapho isibalo samaseli seyenziwe saba ngcono,” kuchaza leli qembu.
"La mandla aphezulu e-PV ahumusha futhi abe inani elikhulayo lamandla kagesi adluliselwa ku-electrolyzer futhi, ngakho-ke, abe ukukhiqizwa okukhulu kwe-H2."
Ngalokhu kuhlaziya, ososayensi bathola ukuthi, ngenxa ye-PS, ukucushwa kokuxhuma okungaqondile kungajova i-223 kWh ngonyaka wamandla kagesi, okungama-39.4% ngaphezu kokucushwa okuqondile, ku-electrolyzer. Lokhu kuzokwanela ukukhiqiza u-5.79 kg we-H2 ngonyaka, okungaba ngama-37.5% ngaphezu kwenani elikhiqizwa ohlelweni oluqondile lokuhlanganisa.
Uhlelo oluqondile luphinde lwatholakala ukuthi luzuza ukonga kwamandla ka-5%, kanti olungaqondile lubonise ukusebenza kahle kuka-6.9%.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ososayensi baphinde bahlola ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo olukwazi ukumelana nokulahleka kwamandla. Uma ngabe ilahlekelwe iseli elilodwa lama-20 kumojula ye-PV, isistimu eqondile izolahlekelwa u-18.3% wokukhiqizwa kwayo kwe-H2, kanti engaqondile izolahlekelwa kuphela u-5%. Lapho ilahlekelwa amaseli ayisikhombisa, isistimu eqondile izoyeka ukukhiqiza noma iyiphi i-H2, kuyilapho engaqondile isazoyikhiqiza, nakuba inamandla aphansi angama-37%.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izifundiswa zithole ukuthi kuphela uma isiguquli se-DC-DC sehla sibe ngaphansi kuka-73% lapho sizokhiqiza i-H2 encane kunesistimu ehlangene eqondile. "Ukuze umklamo wokuguqula i-DC-DC uthathwe njengokuvumelekile, ukusebenza kahle kwawo kufanele kudlule u-90%, ngakho-ke isimo esisebenza kahle kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-H2 okuphansi njengoba ekuxhumaneni okuqondile akunakwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke," kugcizelela abacwaningi.
Ukuthola kwabo kungatholakala ocwaningweni oluthi "Ukuthuthukisa Ukukhiqizwa Kwe-hydrogen: Ucwaningo lokuqhathanisa lokuxhumanisa okuqondile nokungaqondile phakathi kwe-photovoltaics ne-electrolyzer," eshicilelwe ku. Ukuguqulwa Nokuphatha Amandla.
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