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Inqwaba yamabhethri e-LiPo

Konke Odinga Ukukwazi Ngamabhethri e-LiPo ngo-2024

Amabhethri e-LiPo, aziwa ngesisindo sawo esilula nokuguquguquka kokwakheka nosayizi, athola umusa ngokushesha ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene. Lawa mabhethri aqukethe i-electrolyte efana nejeli evumela imiklamo emincane. Kusukela ekunikezeni amandla ama-elekthronikhi abushelelezi abathengi kuya ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwama-drones nezimoto ezilawulwa ukude, lithium amabhethri e-polymer ayinketho eguquguqukayo. 

Lesi sihloko sizonikeza isingeniso esifushane samabhethri e-lithium-polymer bese sihlola izici ezibalulekile ezizonquma ukukhethwa kwamabhethri e-lithium-polymer ngo-2024, okuhlanganisa ukusebenza kwawo kwezezimali, ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nezimo ezifanele zohlelo lokusebenza.

Okuqukethwe
Liyini ibhethri le-LiPo?
Ukubunjwa
Ukwahlukanisa
Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza
Yini okufanele uyicabangele lapho ukhetha ibhethri ye-LiPo?
Amathrendi ezobuchwepheshe
Isiphetho sendaba

Kuyini a Ibhethri ye-LiPo?

Amabhethri e-lithium-ion polymer (amabhethri e-LiPo) awuhlobo oluthuthukisiwe lwebhethri elishajekayo ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe be-lithium-ion, kodwa kusetshenziswa i-electrolyte eqinile ye-polymer esikhundleni se-electrolyte ewuketshezi uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-lithium endabuko. Lokhu kuguqulwa kunikeza amabhethri e-LiPo izinzuzo ezibalulekile ngokwesisindo, usayizi, ukuguquguquka komumo, nokuphepha.

Ubuncane nokukhanya kwe Amabhethri e-LiPo zizenze zilungele ukusetshenziswa emishinini kagesi edinga usayizi omncane kanye nesisindo esincane, njengamathoyizi alawulwa ngomsakazo, ama-drones, izinto zikagesi eziphathwayo, nezinye izinto eziphathwayo. Ukuguquguquka kwedizayini yabo kusho ukuthi zingenziwa ngezinhlobonhlobo zomumo nosayizi ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile, okunzima ukukufeza ngezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri.

Amabhethri e-LiPo futhi zibonakala ngokuminyana kwamandla aphezulu, amandla okukhipha okuphezulu, nempilo yomjikelezo wokushaja omude uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amabhethri, okuwenza adume kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukuphuma okuphezulu kwamanje nokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside. Nokho, amabhethri e-LiPo asadinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe ekusetshenzisweni nasekugcinweni kwawo. Ukushaja okungalungile nokukhipha ngokweqile kungaholela ekulimaleni kwebhethri ngisho nezehlakalo zokuphepha ezifana nomlilo nokuqhuma.

Ngakho-ke, amabhethri e-LiPo kufanele asetshenziswe neshaja ezinikele futhi kufanele ashajwe ngaphansi kokugadwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimo ezifanele zokugcina nazo zibalulekile, futhi amabhethri kufanele agwenywe ukuthi angachayeka emazingeni okushisa adlulele noma ukulimala ngokomzimba ukuze kwelule impilo yawo yesevisi futhi kuqinisekiswe ukusetshenziswa okuphephile.

Amabhethri e-LiPo asephenduke isixazululo samandla esibalulekile emishinini yesimanje kagesi ngenxa yokusebenza kwawo okuhle kakhulu nokuvumelana nezimo, kodwa futhi adinga abasebenzisi ukuthi banake izinqubo zokunakekela ukuze baqinisekise ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle.

Ukubunjwa

Amabhethri e-Lithium polymer (LiPo). ziyefana ekubunjweni kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion avamile, kodwa asebenzisa i-electrolyte ehlukile. Izingxenye ezibalulekile zebhethri ye-LiPo zifaka i-electrode eqondile (i-cathode), i-electrode engalungile (i-anode), isihlukanisi, i-electrolyte, kanye nephakheji yangaphandle. Okulandelayo incazelo eningiliziwe yalezi zingxenye:

Ikhodi

I-cathode ivame ukwakhiwa ngama-lithium metal oxides, njenge-lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) ne-lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4), enquma i-voltage namandla ebhethri. Ukukhethwa kwezinto ze-anode kuthinta ukusebenza, ukuzinza, kanye nezindleko zebhethri.

Anode

Ama-electrode angalungile ngokuvamile enziwa ngezinto ze-carbon, ngokuvamile i-graphite. Ngesikhathi sokushaja, i-lithium ion isuka ku-electrode eyakhayo iye ku-electrode engemihle futhi ishumekwe kuyo; ngesikhathi sokukhipha, i-lithium ion ibuyela emuva ku-electrode enhle. Izinto kanye nokwakheka kwe-anode kubalulekile ekugcineni ama-ion e-lithium amaningi, okuhlinzeka ngokuphuma okuphezulu kwamanje, nempilo yomjikelezo omude.

Umhlukanisi

Isihlukanisi siwulwelwesi oluncane, olunezimbotshana oluhlukanisa ama-electrode alungile kanye nama-negative ukuvimbela amasekhethi amafushane ngenkathi ivumela i-lithium ion ukuthi idlule. Izinto ezisetshenziselwa isihlukanisi kudingeka zibe nokuzinza okuhle kwamakhemikhali namandla emishini ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokuzinza ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwebhethri.

I-Electrolyte

Ngokungafani ne-electrolyte ewuketshezi yamabhethri avamile e-lithium-ion, amabhethri e-LiPo asebenzisa i-electrolyte eqinile ye-polymer efana nejeli. Le electrolyte ingaba ifilimu ye-polymer eqinile noma ijeli ye-polymer equkethe usawoti we-lithium. I-polymer electrolyte isekela ukuthuthwa kwe-lithium ion ngenkathi inikeza ukuphepha okungcono futhi ivumela ibhethri ukuthi lenziwe libe yizimo ezihlukene.

I-encapsulation yangaphandle

I-encapsulation yangaphandle yamabhethri e-LiPo ngokuvamile ifilimu yepulasitiki eguquguqukayo, encane futhi engasindi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa akunciphisi isisindo sebhethri kuphela, kodwa futhi kuvumela ibhethri ukuthi yenziwe ibe yizinhlobonhlobo zomumo ukuze ivumelane nezidingo zamadivayisi ahlukene.

Ukwahlukanisa

Inqwaba yamabhethri e-LiPo

Amabhethri e-Lithium polymer (LiPo). zihlukaniswa ngokusekelwe ezicini ezifana nempahla yegobolondo, uhlobo lwe-electrolyte, umthamo, izinga lokukhipha, kanye nendawo yokufaka isicelo. Okulandelayo ezinye zezindlela ezijwayelekile zokuhlukanisa ngezigaba:

Ihlukaniswe ngohlobo lwe-electrolyte

Amabhethri e-Solid polymer electrolyte LiPo: Ngokusebenzisa i-polymer eqinile njenge-electrolyte, lawa mabhethri aphephe kakhudlwana futhi awajwayele ukuvuza, kodwa ukuqhutshwa kwawo kungase kungabi kuhle njengalokho kwamabhethri e-electrolyte ewuketshezi.

Ibhethri ye-Gel polymer electrolyte LiPo: Isebenzisa i-gel polymer electrolyte, leli bhethri lihlanganisa ukuphepha kwe-electrolyte eqinile kanye nokuhamba okuphezulu kwe-electrolyte ewuketshezi.

Ihlukaniswe ngezinto zegobolondo

Ibhethri ye-LiPo yekesi elithambile: isebenzisa ifilimu yepulasitiki eguquguqukayo noma ifilimu eyinhlanganisela ye-aluminium-plastic njengegobolondo, engenziwa ibe yizimo nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene futhi ifanele amadivayisi adinga izimo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso.

Amabhethri e-LiPo egobolondo eliqinile: usebenzisa izinto eziqinile (njengepulasitiki noma insimbi) njengegobolondo, ukwakheka nosayizi wezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezifanele amadivaysi enhloso ejwayelekile angadingi umumo webhethri eliphezulu.

Ihlukaniswe ngomthamo

Umthamo wamabhethri e-LiPo uvamise ukuvezwa ngehora le-milliampere (mAh), futhi amandla ahlukene afanele izikali ezihlukene zesidingo samandla:

Amabhethri e-LiPo amancane: ngaphansi kuka-1000mAh, ilungele amadivayisi amancane aphathwayo, njengamahedisethi e-Bluetooth namasongo ahlakaniphile.

Amabhethri e-LiPo omthamo omaphakathi: phakathi kuka-1000mAh kanye no-5000mAh, okuvamise ukutholakala kuma-smartphones namathebulethi.

Amabhethri e-LiPo anamandla amakhulu: ngaphezu kwe-5000mAh, ilungele amadivayisi adinga ukunikwa amandla isikhathi eside, njengamalaptop nama-drones.

Ihlukaniswe ngenani lokukhipha (C-Rate)

Izinga lokukhishwa linquma ukuthi ibhethri liwakhipha ngokushesha kangakanani amandla kagesi. Amabhethri e-LiPo anezinga eliphezulu lokukhishwa afanele izicelo ezinezidingo zamandla aphezulu:

Ibhethri yezinga lokukhipha eliphansi: Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa izinto zikagesi ezivamile, ezifana nomakhalekhukhwini namakhompyutha aphathekayo, anesilinganiso sokuphuma esiphakathi kuka-1C no-5C.

Amabhethri wezinga eliphezulu lokuphuma: ifaneleka kumadivayisi adinga ukukhishwa okusheshayo nokukhulu, njengezimoto ze-RC nama-drones, lapho izinga lokukhishwa lingafinyelela ngaphezu kuka-20C.

Ihlukaniswe ngezindawo zokufaka izicelo

Amabhethri e-LiPo kuma-electronics omthengi: afanele ama-smartphones, ama-tablet PC kanye neminye imikhiqizo ye-electronics yabathengi.

Amabhethri e-LiPo okunikezwa kwamandla okuphathekayo namathuluzi kagesi: asetshenziswa ezintweni eziphathwayo zikagesi, amathuluzi kagesi namanye amathuluzi adinga ukuphuma kwamandla aphezulu.

Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza

Umdwebo ohleliwe webhethri ye-LiPo

Amabhethri e-Lithium polymer (LiPo). bathole uhla olubanzi lwezicelo emikhakheni eminingana ngenxa yokuncipha kwabo, ukuminyana kwamandla aphezulu kanye nokuma okwenziwe ngokwezifiso. Ngezansi ezinye zezimo zohlelo lokusebenza eziyinhloko zamabhethri e-LiPo nezincazelo zawo ezinemininingwane:

Imishini yokuxhumana yeselula

Amabhethri e-LiPo ziyizixazululo ezinhle zamandla zama-smartphone, amaphilisi, izidlali zomculo eziphathwayo nezinye izinto zikagesi zomuntu siqu. Abagcini nje ngokuhlinzeka ngosekelo lwamandla oluhlala isikhathi eside oludingekayo, kodwa imvelo yabo ezacile futhi engasindi yenza amadivayisi aphatheke kakhudlwana futhi ahlangabezane nesidingo sabathengi sesimanje sama-elekthronikhi amancane nalula.

Ubuchwepheshe obugqokekayo

Amadivayisi agqokekayo njengamawashi ahlakaniphile, amadivaysi okuqapha ezempilo, namahedisethi ento engekho ngokoqobo ngokuvamile asebenzisa amabhethri e-LiPo ngenxa yesimo sebhethri esikhethekile nezidingo zesisindo, futhi ukwakheka okwenziwe ngendlela oyifisayo kwamabhethri e-LiPo kuwavumela ukuthi alingane nemiklamo eminingi emikhiqizo ehlangene nengajwayelekile kuyilapho enikeza ukwesekwa kwamandla okwanele.

Amandla aphathekayo namandla aphuthumayo

Amabhethri e-LiPo zisetshenziswa futhi kumabhange kagesi aphathwayo, izinhlelo zamandla ezimo eziphuthumayo nezinye izixazululo zokushaja eziphathwayo. Lawa madivayisi ngokuvamile adinga amabhethri amakhulu ukuze ashaje amadivaysi amaningi, futhi amabhethri e-LiPo agcwalisa lesi sidingo ngobuningi bawo bamandla aphezulu.

Amathuluzi wamandla

Amathuluzi kagesi angenazintambo, njengama-drill, ama-chainsaw, nezimshini zokusika utshani, adinga amaza okukhipha amandla aphezulu ukuze anike amandla amamotho anamandla. Amabhethri e-LiPo awagcini nje ngokunikeza lokhu kuphuma kwamandla aphezulu, kodwa futhi alula kunezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri, okwenza amathuluzi abe lula ukuwaphatha nokusebenzisa.

imishini Medical

Imishini yezokwelapha ephathekayo nezinhlelo zokuqapha, okuhlanganisa iziqaphe zeglucose yegazi, iziqaphi eziphathwayo ze-electrocardiogram (ECG), kanye namadivayisi okuqapha ezempilo akude, nawo asebenzisa kakhulu amabhethri e-LiPo. Kulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza, ukwethembeka kwebhethri, ukulula nempilo ende kubalulekile.

Izimoto kagesi

Nakuba amabhethri e-lithium-ion evame kakhulu ezimotweni zikagesi (EVs), amabhethri e-LiPo nawo asetshenziswa ezimotweni eziningi zokuthutha zikagesi ezingasindi, njengezithuthuthu zikagesi, amabhayisikili kagesi, nezithuthuthu ezithile zikagesi ezithile. Kulezi zimo, amabhethri e-LiPo ahlinzeka ngesisombululo samandla esingasindi esisebenzayo.

Ukuduma kwamabhethri e-LiPo kulezi zimo ezihlukene zohlelo lokusebenza kubangelwa ikakhulukazi ukuminyana kwawo okuphezulu kwamandla, ukwakheka okungenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo, engasindi, namandla okukhulula okunamandla. Kodwa-ke, uma usebenzisa amabhethri e-LiPo, kusadingeka ukuthi unake ukuphathwa nokugcinwa kwawo okuphephile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuthembekile kwemishini nokuphepha kwabasebenzisi.

Okufanele ukucabangele lapho ukhetha a LiPo ibhethri?

Umdwebo ohleliwe webhethri ye-LiPo

Izinto ezihlukahlukene kufanele zicatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa amabhethri e-lithium polymer (LiPo) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi afanele isicelo sakho nezidingo ezithile. Okulandelayo yizici ezibalulekile okufanele zihlolwe uma kucutshungulwa ukuthi kufanele usebenzise amabhethri e-LiPo:

Ukuvumelana nezimo

Uma umkhiqizo wakho udinga umumo othize noma usayizi webhethri ukuze ulingane nomklamo wawo, amabhethri e-LiPo angase abe inketho ekahle ngenxa yokwakheka kwawo okwenziwa ngokwezifiso kanye nemvelo encane, engasindi. Zingenziwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene ukuze zingene ezindaweni ezihlangene noma ezingajwayelekile.

Isisindo siyazwela

Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga isixazululo esilula, njengama-drones, izinto ezigqokwayo, noma ezinye izinto zikagesi eziphathwayo, amabhethri e-LiPo anikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile ngenxa yesisindo sawo esilula. Amabhethri angasindi asiza ukwehlisa isisindo sedivayisi futhi athuthukise umuzwa womsebenzisi.

Izidingo zokuminyana kwamandla aphezulu

Amabhethri e-LiPo anikeza ukuminyana kwamandla okuphezulu, okusho ukugcina amandla engeziwe ngosayizi omncane noma isisindo esilula. Amabhethri e-LiPo ayisinqumo esihle kakhulu sezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga isikhathi eside sokusebenza noma ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu (isb., amathuluzi kagesi noma amadivaysi okuxhumana eselula).

Izicelo zezinga lokukhipha eliphezulu

Uma idivayisi yakho idinga inani elikhulu lamandla ukuze likhishwe ngokushesha (isb., amamodeli e-RC, izimoto zomjaho, njll.), izici zezinga eliphezulu lokukhishwa kwamabhethri e-LiPo ziwenza afanelekele lolu hlobo lohlelo lokusebenza. Bayakwazi ukuletha imisinga ephezulu isikhathi esifushane ukuze bahlangabezane nezidingo zokusebenza eziphezulu.

Izindleko azinandaba

Ngenkathi Amabhethri e-LiPo inikeza inani lezinzuzo zokusebenza, ngokuvamile zibiza ngaphezu kwezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri njenge-nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) noma amabhethri e-li-ion avamile. Ngakho-ke, ukucabangela isabelomali sephrojekthi kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko kuyisici esibalulekile lapho ukhetha uhlobo lwebhethri.

Amathrendi ezobuchwepheshe

Umdwebo ohleliwe webhethri ye-LiPo

Selokhu yathengiswa, ubuchwepheshe bebhethri ye-lithium polymer buyathuthuka futhi buthuthuka, ikakhulukazi mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza, ukuthuthukiswa kokuphepha, ukunciphisa izindleko, nezici ezihambisana nemvelo. Ngezansi amanye amathrendi abalulekile kubuchwepheshe bamanje bebhethri ye-LiPo:

Ukuthuthukiswa kokuminyana kwamandla

Abacwaningi bahlale befuna izindlela zokwandisa ukuminyana kwamandla amabhethri e-LiPo, okungukuthi, ukugcina amandla amaningi ngevolumu encane noma isisindo esincane. Lokhu kufezwa ngokuthuthukisa ikhemistri yebhethri, ukwenza ngcono izinto ze-electrode kanye nokuthuthukisa amasistimu e-electrolyte asebenza kahle kakhulu. Amabhethri anamandla amakhulu angasekela izikhathi zokusetshenziswa ezinde futhi afaneleka ngokukhethekile amadivayisi eselula nezimoto zikagesi.

Ukuthuthukiswa kokuphepha

Ukuphepha kwe Amabhethri e-LiPo bekulokhu kukhathaza kakhulu abasebenzisi nabakhiqizi. Ubuchwepheshe obusha nezinto zokwakha ziyathuthukiswa ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi zokuphepha ezibangelwa ukushajwa ngokweqile, ukushisa ngokweqile kanye nokulimala ngokomzimba ebhethrini. Isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezizinze kakhulu ze-electrolyte kanye nezinhlelo zokuphatha ibhethri ezithuthukisiwe (BMS) kunganqanda ngempumelelo ubungozi bokusha kwebhethri nokuqhuma.

Ukwehliswa kwezindleko

Izindleko zokukhiqiza amabhethri e-LiPo ziyehla kancane kancane njengoba ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza buthuthuka kanye nentuthuko enkulu yokukhiqiza. Lokhu kwenza amabhethri e-LiPo athengeke kakhudlwana, okuvula indlela yokusetshenziswa okubanzi nokuduma. Ukwehliswa kwezindleko nakho kusiza ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkambu ezifana nezimoto zikagesi kanye nezinhlelo zokugcina amandla avuselelekayo.

Ubuchwepheshe bebhethri yesimo esiqinile

Nakuba amabhethri esimo esiqinile ngokuyinhloko ewuhlobo lwebhethri ye-lithium-ion, ukuthuthukiswa kwawo kube nomthelela omkhulu kumabhethri e-LiPo. Amabhethri esimo esiqinile asebenzisa ama-electrolyte esimo esiqinile esikhundleni sama-electrolyte oketshezi noma ijeli futhi kulindeleke ukuthi anikeze ukuphepha okukhulu nokuminyana kwamandla. Ukuvuthwa nokudayiswa kwalobu buchwepheshe kungase kuguqule imakethe yamabhethri esikhathini esizayo, okuhlanganisa nezindawo zokufaka izicelo zamabhethri e-LiPo.

Isiphetho sendaba

Amabhethri e-lithium polymer, uhlobo olukhethekile lwamabhethri e-lithium-ion, ahlukile ngenxa ye-electrolyte yawo eqinile noma efana ne-gel-polymer. Lobu buchwepheshe bebhethri buthandwa ngenxa yokwakheka kwayo okuncanyana, okungasindi, okwenziwa ngokwezifiso kanye nokuminyana kwamandla aphezulu, futhi busetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, kusukela kumishini kagesi ephathekayo kuya ezimotweni zikagesi.

Izinga eliphezulu lokukhipha izici zamabhethri e-LiPo ziwenza afaneleke kakhulu izinhlelo zokusebenza ezilambele amandla njengamamodeli e-drones namamodeli e-RC. Ukuthuthukiswa kwamanje kobuchwepheshe bebhethri ye-LiPo kuqhubekela phambili ekusebenzeni okuphezulu, ukuphepha kanye nobungane bemvelo, kuhloswe ukuhlinzeka ngempilo ende kanye nezindleko eziphansi. Ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe kanye nezindleko eziphansi ziqhubekisela phambili ukukhanga kwamabhethri e-LiPo.

Lapho ekhetha ibhethri le-LiPo, amakhasimende ayalulekwa ukuthi acabangele izinzuzo zalo eziyingqayizivele futhi alandele imihlahlandlela ekhethekile yokushajwa nesitoreji ukuze akhulise izinzuzo zebhethri. Okokugcina, uma ungathanda ukuthengela ikhaya lakho noma ibhizinisi lakho ibhethri ye-LiPo, ungavakashela lokhu isixhumanisi.

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