I-Flexible Solar Panel: Umhlahlandlela Wokuthenga wango-2024

Kube nentuthuko enkulu yezobuchwepheshe ekukhiqizeni ama-solar panels phakathi neminyaka edlule, futhi lokhu kuye kwaholela ekwandeni kokusebenza kahle kanye nempumelelo yezindleko zamandla elanga. Enye intuthuko enjalo ukwakhiwa kwamaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo, anikezela ngesisombululo selanga esilula nesiphatheka kakhudlwana sokunika amandla amakhaya kanye nezimoto zokungcebeleka, izikebhe, nezinto zikagesi zemisebenzi yangaphandle.

Kulesi sihloko, sizodlula umehluko phakathi amaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo namaphaneli elanga ajwayelekile, ahlaziya imakethe yephaneli yelanga eguquguqukayo yomhlaba wonke, bese enikeza umhlahlandlela wokuthenga ohlanganisa izici ezibalulekile abathengisi namabhizinisi wemishini yamandla okufanele azicabangele lapho eqoqa amaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo.

Okuqukethwe
Umehluko phakathi kwamaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo najwayelekile
Ukubuka konke kwemakethe yephaneli yelanga eguquguqukayo yomhlaba
7 izici okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho uthenga amaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo
Buyekeza uhlu lwakho lwephaneli yelanga

Umehluko phakathi kwamaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo najwayelekile

Okokuqala, igama lisho konke. Omunye umehluko omkhulu phakathi amaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo futhi amaphaneli elanga ajwayelekile ukuthi lezi zamuva zinesakhiwo esiqinile esenziwe ngezingqimba zengilazi, kanti ezangaphambili zenziwe ngamaphaneli amancane efilimu kanye namaphaneli agobekayo alula futhi aguquguqukayo.

Izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zamaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo yifilimu encane, i-silicone-crystalline, namaphaneli aguquguqukayo enziwe ngezinto eziphilayo.

Amaphaneli elanga ajwayelekile ajiyile futhi asindayo, akhawulela ukuguquguquka kokusebenza kwawo. Ngokuphambene, ubuchwepheshe bephaneli ye-wafer-thin esetshenziswa kuyo amaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo izenza zibe ngamajamo nosayizi abahlukahlukene futhi ikhulise ukuphatheka kwazo. Yingakho amaphaneli elanga aguqukayo abe yintandokazi kubathandi bangaphandle abafuna izixazululo zamandla ezingawanika amandla ekuhambeni.      

Ukubuka konke kwemakethe yephaneli yelanga eguquguqukayo yomhlaba

Ngokusho kombiko by Ucwaningo Lwezimakethe Olwehlukene, imakethe yamaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo emhlabeni wonke yayinenani lemakethe lamaRandi ayizigidi ezingama-464.31 ngo-2020. Leli nani kulindeleke ukuthi likhule esikhathini sokubikezela sika-2021-2030 ngenani lokukhula elihlanganisiwe lonyaka (CAGR) lika-7.1% ukuze lifinyelele ku-$ 914.07 million ngo-2030.

Ukwenyuka kwesidingo sezixazululo zamandla avuselelekayo kuqhubekisele phambili ukukhula emakethe futhi kuholele ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni okubalulekile kanye nomphumela omusha omayelana nokusebenza kahle kwamaphaneli elanga. Amazwe ahlukahlukene nezifunda, njenge-European Union, aqale imigomo yokukhipha ikhabhoni njengokuthi “i-Green Deal” ekhuthaza izixazululo zamandla elanga.

I-Asia-Pacific yiyona imakethe enkulu yephaneli yelanga eguquguqukayo, amazwe afana neChina, Japan, India, South Korea, ne-Australia ehamba phambili. Umgomo oyinhloko walokhu ukwanda kwesidingo samandla esibangelwa ukufudukela emadolobheni kanye nenani labantu abaningi. Ama-megacities akhulayo kanye nokwakhiwa esifundeni kwandisa isidingo sezakhiwo ezisebenza kahle, futhi izixazululo ze-solar PV ezihlanganisiwe zokwakha ziyingxenye yalokhu.

7 izici okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho uthenga amaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo

Uma uhlela ukutshala imali kule makethe yamandla emisha ekhulayo, kubalulekile ukuthi utshale kumaphaneli elanga azosiza kakhulu abathengi bakho. Ngezansi, sizodlula izici eziyisikhombisa okufanele uzicabangele ukuze ukhethe amaphaneli elanga aguqukayo angcono kakhulu.

1. Ukuphuma kwamandla

Lona ngokujwayelekile umbandela ophambili okufanele uwuhlole lapho ukhetha amaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo. Amandla okukhipha amandla ephaneli yelanga akalwa ngokwamanzi angakhiqizwa. Lapho amandla okukhiphayo aphakama, noma lapho i-wattage iphakama, kulapho imishini kagesi ingaxhunywa khona emthonjeni wamandla.

Isibonelo, ngephaneli yelanga eguquguqukayo engu-100W, abasebenzisi ngokuvamile bangakwazi ukuba namandla ezikebheni ezinosayizi omaphakathi amahora angu-2–3, futhi ngamaphaneli afinyelela amanzi aphezulu (awuthi, 200W noma 300W), abasebenzisi bazokwazi ukuba namandla kuma-RV noma amandla aphathekayo ngaphandle ohambweni lokukhempa.

Ngokuvamile, ukuphakama kwamandla ephaneli, intengo ongayilindela iphezulu.

2. Ukusebenza kahle

Ukusebenza kahle kuyisici esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe uma kuziwa ezisombululweni zamandla avuselelekayo. Kulo mongo, kubhekiselwa enanini lokukhanya kwelanga i-solar panel ekwazi ukukudonsa bese iguqulelwa kugesi osebenzisekayo. Ngamanye amazwi, izinga lapho ukukhanya kwemini kudonswa khona futhi kuguqulwe yi- amaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo.

Izinga eliyisisekelo mayelana nokusebenza kahle licishe libe ngu-15%, futhi amaphaneli asebenza kahle angama-23–25% athathwa njengekhwalithi ephezulu. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, iphaneli yelanga eguquguqukayo enesilinganiso sokusebenza kahle esingu-20% iyakwazi ukuguqula u-20% wesamba sokukhanya esikudonsa sibe namandla elanga.

Njengokukhishwa kwamandla, ukusebenza kahle kwephaneli kuya phezulu, inani ongase ulikhokhe liphezulu.

I-3. Ukuqina

Ukufakwa kwe-solar kuhloswe ukuthi kuhlale iminyaka eminingana, futhi esimweni sezixazululo zelanga ze-PV ezihlanganisiwe zokwakha, lokhu kungase kukhuphuke kuze kufike emashumini eminyaka. Yingakho okunye okucatshangelwayo okubalulekile abathengi kufanele bakukhumbule ukuqina kwamaphaneli elanga athengwayo.

Izinga lezinto ezisetshenziswa kuma-solar panels lizonquma isikhathi sabo sokuphila. Njengomthetho ojwayelekile, amaphaneli enziwe ngepulasitiki cishe azowohloka ngokushesha kunamaphaneli enziwe ngezinto ezifana nengilazi ne-aluminium. Isibonelo, ngenkathi iphaneli yelanga enamaseli elanga azacile afakwe kupulasitiki ngeke iqine, elinye elinamaseli afakwe endaweni eyinsimbi lingaba nempilo ende.

Sekushiwo lokho, kunezimo lapho ipulasitiki ikwazi ukunikeza ukuqina okukhulu, njengendawo emanzi lapho ipulasitiki ikwazi ukuvikela ukugqwala nokugqwala. Uma ipulasitiki ikhethwa ngenxa yezimo zesayithi, ke amaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo eyenziwe nge-ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) izonikeza impilo ende kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nezinhlobo ezishibhile ezenziwe nge-polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

4. I-angle yokugoba

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, isici esiyinhloko se amaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo ukugoba kwawo, okunikeza ukuguquguquka ekufakeni njengoba engakwazi ukufakwa ezindaweni ezigobile. I-engeli yokugoba i-engeli lapho iphaneli ingagoba noma igobe khona ngaphandle kokuphuka.

I-engeli egobayo engu-30 degrees ithathwa njengeyamukelekayo kumaphaneli amaningi ekristalu. Bakhona futhi amaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo ezikwazi ukugoba kuze kufike ku-248-degree angle. Ngakho-ke, kuye ngezidingo zohlelo lwabathengi bakho, kunohlu lwezinketho ezitholakalayo ukuze zivumelane nezimo ezihlukahlukene zohlelo lokusebenza.

5. Ukufakwa kalula

Kokuphelele, amaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo kulula ukuzifaka uma kuqhathaniswa namaphaneli elanga ajwayelekile, okwenza kube nokwenzeka kubasebenzisi ukuthi baqhube ukufakwa kwe-DIY. Kwezinye izimo, kulula njengoba benamathisela amaphaneli kuma-RV abo besebenzisa i-Velcro noma i-adhesive. Ngakho-ke kufanele ufune izinketho eziza nezinto ezifanele ukuze kube lula ukufakwa.

Sesikushilo lokho, kusabalulekile ukuthola kubahlinzeki abanikeza amamanuwali abasebenzisi anemihlahlandlela yokufaka ukusiza abasebenzisi ngenqubo yokufaka. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kufanele futhi uqinisekise ukuthi imihlahlandlela yabasebenzisi iza ngezilimi ezisetshenziswa amakhasimende akho okuqondiswe kuwo.

6. Ubukhulu nesisindo

Ngenkathi iningi amaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo zakhiwe ukuze ziphatheke, kukhona ukuhlukahluka kosayizi nezisindo ezitholakalayo kumamodeli ahlukene. Ubukhulu nesisindo akuzona nje izintandokazi zobuhle; banquma izinga lokuphatheka okungenzeka ukuthi ukufakwa okuthile kwamaphaneli elanga abe nakho.

Unalokhu engqondweni, kufanele ucabangele umthengi wakho ohlosiwe kanye nezidingo zabo. Uma uqondise kubathengi abazosebenzisa amaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo kuma-RV, khona-ke amaphaneli elanga anesisindo samakhilogremu amane kuya kwayisishiyagalombili azolunga. Kodwa-ke, uma abathengi bakho abayinhloko kungabantu abazosebenzisa amaphaneli emisebenzini yangaphandle edinga ukunyakaza nokuthwala okuningi, njengokuhamba ngezinyawo, okuhlukile okulula, okuphathekayo kuzokwamukeleka kakhudlwana.  

I-7. Amawaranti

Okokugcina, enye into ebalulekile okufanele icatshangelwe lapho uthenga amaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo yiziqinisekiso ezinikezwa abahlinzeki emikhiqizweni yabo. Iziqinisekiso zingafika ngendlela yeziqinisekiso zomkhiqizo nezinto ezibonakalayo noma iziqinisekiso zokusebenza.

Njengoba uzofuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukutshalwa kwezimali kumandla elanga kunokuphila isikhathi eside, kungabaluleka ukufuna abahlinzeki abanikeza iziqinisekiso eziqinile emikhiqizweni yabo, njengoba lezi zisebenza ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yamaphaneli nokugcina izindleko zokunakekelwa ziphansi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izipesheli zewaranti eziphakathi kweminyaka emibili nemihlanu ziyindawo ekahle yokuqala. 

Buyekeza uhlu lwakho lwephaneli yelanga

Ngokukhula kokwamukelwa kwemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo, abathengi abaningi bazofuna izixazululo zamandla ahlanzekile ezihambisana nempilo yabo. Amaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo ayizibonelo ezinhle kakhulu zezixazululo ezigxile kubathengi, njengoba enikeza abasebenzisi ukuguquguquka kokuthi umthombo wabo wamandla usebenze ngendlela yabo yokuphila kunokuba wenze ngenye indlela.

Njengoba ubuyekeza uhlu lwakho lwephaneli yelanga ukuze lufake amaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo, cabangela ukuphuma kwamandla, ukusebenza kahle, ukuqina, ukusebenza, ukufakeka kalula, neziqinisekiso zezinketho ezahlukene ezitholakalayo. Ukuthola inqwaba yabahlinzeki kanye nohlu olubanzi lomkhiqizo ongakhetha kulo, vakashela Chovm.com futhi uhlole i amaphaneli elanga aguquguqukayo kuyatholakala.