Umhlahlandlela Wokuthenga Ikhebula Lamandla e-GPU: Ungawakhetha Kanjani Ngo-2024

Ukwakha i-PC kungabonakala kuyinkimbinkimbi ngenxa ye- izintambo zikagesi eziningi abathengi badinga ukuxhuma kanye nezingxenye ezahlukahlukene abaxhuma kuzo. Amakhadi ezithombe, ikakhulukazi, adonsela ukunaka ngosayizi wawo omkhulu, ama-heatsink amakhulu, abalandeli abaningi, nezingubo ezimibalabala ze-RGB.

Kodwa ngazo zonke lezi zici ezigcwele, abadlali abakwazi ukuzibamba bazibuze ukuthi ikhebula elilodwa eliphumayo lizonikeza i-GPU amandla anele yini. Yilapho izintambo zamandla ze-GPU zingena khona.

Nokho, kukhona eziningi Izintambo zamandla ze-GPU etholakalayo, okwenza inqubo yokukhetha ibe nzima kancane. Ngenhlanhla, le ndatshana izokwethula konke mayelana nalezi zixhumi zamandla nokuthi abathengisi bangazisebenzisa kanjani ngo-2024.

Okuqukethwe
Ayini amakhebuli kagesi e-GPU?
Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukene zekhebula lamandla e-GPU amabhizinisi angathengisa?
Yini okufanele uyibheke lapho ukhetha izintambo zamandla ze-GPU ngo-2024
Ukuhlanganisa

Ayini amakhebuli kagesi e-GPU?

Izintambo zamandla ze-GPU (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-PCIe) isiza ngokuhlinzeka ngamandla kagesi ku-Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) efakwe ohlelweni lwekhompyutha. Lezi zintambo zixhuma i-GPU kuyunithi yokuphakela amandla (i-PSU) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ithola amandla kagesi adingekayo ukuze isebenze kahle.

Ama-GPU anamuhla, ikakhulukazi asebenza kahle kakhulu asetshenziswa emidlalweni noma ezinhlelweni zezithombe ezichwepheshile, ngokuvamile adinga amandla angaphezu kwalawo amabhodi omama angawahlinzeka ngezikhala ze-PCIe. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nalesi sidingo, ama-GPU ngokuvamile eza nesixhumi samandla esisodwa noma ngaphezulu.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukene zekhebula lamandla e-GPU amabhizinisi angathengisa?

6-pin izixhumi amandla

Ngokuvamile, ama-motherboards ajusi ama-GPU anamandla afika ku-75W nge-PCI Express x16 slot. Nokho, amakhadi amaningi ezithombe adinga okungaphezu kwalokho ukuze asebenze ngempumelelo. Ngakho-ke, abakhi abaningi be-PC baphendukela kusixhumi samandla esiyisisekelo esingu-6-pin.

Lezi zintambo nikeza i-75W eyengeziwe enesamba esingafika ku-150W uma ihlanganiswa namandla anikezwe ibhodi lomama. Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi lezi zixhumi zizokwanela amakhadi amaningi wezithombe eziphakathi nendawo kanye nebanga lokungena (ikakhulukazi amadala).

Kodwa-ke, amamodeli athuthuke kakhulu asho ukuthi ama-GPU alambele kakhulu amandla. Ngakho-ke, uma abathengi benamakhadi ezithombe asezingeni eliphezulu, iphini elilodwa elingu-6 ngeke lanele.

6+2 pin izixhumi zamandla

Izintambo ze-GPU ngezixhumi zephinikhodi ezingu-6+2 zinemiklamo eseyaduma kakhulu ezikhathini zamuva nje. Iningi labantu liyawathanda ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwawo—lezi zixhumi zingasebenza njengezixhumi ezingu-6 noma ezingu-8!

Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo komklamo kuvumela abakhiqizi be-PSU ukuthi babhekane namakhadi ezithombe ahlukahlukene ngaphandle kokudala izixhumi ezihlukile—lezi zingajwayelana nezimfuneko ze-GPU zomsebenzisi. Izixhumi ezingu-6+2 zingahlinzeka ngo-75W ngohlangothi lwazo lwamaphini angu-6 kanye no-150W ngamaphini angu-8 aphelele.

8-pin izixhumi amandla

Ngokungafani nokuhlukahluka okungu-6+2, izixhumi zamandla ezikhonkwane ezingu-8 zibunye kakhulu endleleni yazo. Ayanda kakhulu ngenxa yokwanda kwesidingo samandla kuma-GPU anamuhla.

Lezi zixhumi zinikeza amandla angu-150W, isamba esingu-225W uma kuhlanganiswa nawo i-PCIe amandla 75W. Izixhumi zamandla wamaphini angu-8 ziyinketho ephelele yama-GPU amasha amaphakathi nebanga.

Nokho, amanye amakhadi ezithombe angase adinge isixhumi esingaphezu kwesisodwa esingu-8-pin ukuze asebenze kahle. Abanye bangase badwebe kufika ku-300W kusuka kuzixhumi ezingu-6- nezingu-8-pin (hhayi izixhumi ezingu-6+2!) 

Ezimweni ezingavamile, abathengi bangase babe nama-GPU ane-triple 8-pin setup. Kodwa-ke, lezo zilwane zigcinelwe ama-GPU alambele kakhulu amandla abakhiqizi abawakhela ukuncenceza kanye ne-overclocking.

12-pin izixhumi amandla

Ngo-2020, uNvidia wethula isixhumi esisha samandla esinamaphini angu-12 ngemifanekiso yabo ye-GeForce RTX 3000 (Ampere), kodwa umnyakazo awuzange ube ngaphandle kokugxekwa. Noma kunjalo, ukwethulwa kwesixhumi samaphini angu-12 kunikeze ingxenye endala ye-PC ukwakha i-buzz edingeka kakhulu.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi awukho umehluko wosayizi phakathi kwezixhumi ezingamaphini angu-8 nezingu-12. U-Nvidia wenze izikhonkwane zaba zincane kunokuvamile, evumela izixhumi ezithuthukisiwe ukuthi zigcine ububanzi obufanayo nozakwabo abajwayelekile abangamaphini angu-8.

Noma kunjalo, lokhu Ikhebuli yamandla ye-GPU akuyona ihlaya, njengoba ingaletha amandla afinyelela ku-504W, ikwenze kube inketho enhle yama-GPU aphezulu. Futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezinye izinsiza zamandla ezikhona, ama-adaptha ahlukahlukene akhona asiza ukuguqula izixhumi ezingamaphini angu-12 zibe yizixhumi ezingu-8 ezikabili.

16-pin izixhumi amandla

Izixhumi zamaphini angu-16 (noma izixhumi zephinikhodi eziyi-12+4) ziqale zathakazelisa lo mhlaba ngochungechunge lwabasunguli be-Nvidia 4000 GPUs, okusho ukuthi sebevele bapake ipunch.

Ngeshwa, lezi zixhumi zihambisana ne-Gen-5/ATX 3.0 PSUs. Ngakho-ke, uma abathengi banokuthile okuphansi, njenge-PCI Gen-4/ATX 2.0, bazodinga amaphini angu-8 kuya ku-16-pin 600W 12VHPWR Ikhebuli yamandla ye-GPU ukuze usebenze.

Yini okufanele uyibheke lapho ukhetha izintambo zamandla ze-GPU ngo-2024

Ukulinganisela

Ezinye izinto zikagesi ziza nezintambo ze-modular, ezivumela abathengi ukuthi baxhume kuphela ezidingekayo futhi bashiye ngaphandle okungadingekile. Lo mklamo we-modular ungaba usizo kumakhebuli kagesi we-GPU.

umnikelo Izintambo zamandla ze-GPU ngemiklamo ye-modular kusho ukuthi abathengi bangakwazi ukunciphisa imfuhlumfuhlu ngaphakathi kwekesi lekhompyutha yabo, okuthuthukisa ukuhamba komoya futhi kwenza ukuphathwa kwekhebula kube lula. Kuyiphuzu eliqinile kubasebenzisi abanethemba lokunakekela ingaphakathi elihlelekile nelihlelekile.

Kodwa-ke, abathengisi kufanele baqinisekise ukuthi izintambo zikagesi ze-GPU zinemiklamo ehambisanayo nesixhumi esibonakalayo se-PSU esiqondiswe ngabathengi. Izoqinisekisa ukuthi abakhi be-PC banokuxhumana okuphephile nokuthembekile phakathi kweyunithi yabo yokuphakelwa kwamandla kanye nekhadi lezithombe.

Ubude bekhamera

Ikhebuli yamandla ye-GPU ubude bubalulekile, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezinkulu. Abathengi bazofuna izintambo ezinde ngokwanele ukuze zifinyelele ngokunethezeka ku-GPU zisuka ku-PSU ngaphandle kokuntenga noma ukungezwani okukhulu.

Ngakho-ke, amabhizinisi kufanele acabangele ukwakheka nosayizi wecala labathengi abaqondiwe futhi akhethe ubude bekhebula obufanele ukuze agweme noma yikuphi ukukhahlamezeka okuyingozi. Nali ithebula elizobanikeza umbono wobude bekhebula obuvamile obutholakalayo:

Isikali kanye nempahla

I-wire gauge nezinto ezisetshenziswayo zingaba nomthelela Ikhebula lamandla e-GPU ukulethwa nokusebenza kahle. Ngokuvamile, inombolo yegeji ephansi ibonisa izintambo ezinkulu, ezingathwala zamanje. Izintambo eziwugqinsi nazo zingcono kuma-GPU alambele amandla, asezingeni eliphezulu.

Bheka ithebula elingezansi elibonisa izinombolo zegeji ezihlukene:

Ukwengeza, izinto zekhwalithi ephezulu (njengethusi) nokwakhiwa okuhle kunganciphisa ukumelana futhi kuthuthukise ukulethwa kwamandla, kunciphise ingozi yokwehla kwamandla kagesi kanye nezindaba zikagesi. Ngakho-ke, ungakhohlwa ukubeka phambili Izintambo zamandla ze-GPU ezenziwe ngezinto zekhwalithi.

Ukuhlanganisa

Inani lamakhebuli kagesi abathengi abawadingayo lincike kumodeli yabo ethile. Okungenani, ama-GPU azodinga isixhumi samandla esinamaphini angu-6 esisodwa.

Ukunyusa iketango kuma-GPU ebanga eliphakathi, lawa mayunithi azodinga izixhumi ezimbili ezingamaphini-6 noma awodwa angamaphini angu-8, anikeze amandla angu-150W ngqo. Lapho amabhizinisi e-GPU efuna ukunakekela amabhizinisi aphezulu, kulapho amakhebuli amaningi azodingeka anikeze khona—angase akhuphukele kumaphini angu-8 aphindwe kathathu.

Yize amanye ama-GPU engadingi izintambo zamandla engeziwe, i-chunk enkulu yemakethe iyawadinga. Ngakho-ke, amabhizinisi kufanele asebenzise lawa macebiso ukuze ahlomise abathengi abaqondiswe kubo nelungelo Izintambo zamandla ze-GPU ngohambo lwabo lokwakha i-PC.