Ngaphambi kokungenisa noma yimuphi umkhiqizo endaweni yase-US, amabhizinisi adinga ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izinhlangano zikahulumeni ezilawula imboni yawo nokuthi yiziphi izidingo ezisebenzayo. Nakuba kunamaqembu amaningi ahililekile ohlelweni lokungenisa, i-Partner Government Agencies (PGAs) yizindikimba zikahulumeni ezithinta ngokuqondile ukuhamba kwezimpahla namasevisi e-United States.
Lezi zinhlangano zikahulumeni zibophezelekile ekukhipheni izimvume, imibhalo, amalayisense, nezinye izitifiketi ezidingekayo ukuze imikhiqizo ingene endaweni yase-US. Lokhu okuthunyelwe kubhulogi kuzodlula ezintweni eziyisisekelo zokuhlonza nokuqonda ama-PGA kanye nendlela yokuthobelana nezidingo zawo zokulawula ukuze kugwenywe izinhlawulo ezingadingekile nokubambezeleka kokuthunyelwa. Ngakho ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi, ake siqale!
Okuqukethwe
Iyini i-ejensi kahulumeni ebambisene (PGA)?
Uhlu lwama-PGA ibhizinisi ngalinye okufanele lazi ngalo
Ungahambisana kanjani nezidingo ze-PGA?
Ukuqonda imithetho ye-PGAs ukuze kungeniswe ezweni ngaphandle kwezinkinga
Iyini i-ejensi kahulumeni ebambisene (PGA)?
Ama-ejensi kahulumeni abambisene nawo (Ama-PGA) yizinhlangano zikahulumeni ezisebenza ne-US Customs and Border Protection (I-CBP) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izimpahla ezingena endaweni yase-US zithobelana nemithethonqubo esebenzayo. Umgomo wama-PGA uwukuqinisekisa ukuphepha komphakathi mayelana nokudla, izidakamizwa, izinto zezokwelapha, izimonyo, izibulala-zinambuzane, nokunye okwengeziwe—futhi umsebenzi wawo ubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi le mikhiqizo ihlangabezana nezimfuneko zenhlangano ukuze ingeniswe e-United States.
Lezi zinhlangano zikahulumeni zidlala indima ebalulekile ohlelweni lokungenisa impahla. Basungula futhi basebenzise amazinga azo zonke izinhlobo zemikhiqizo ewela ngaphansi kwegunya labo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwaselabhorethri, izimfuneko zokuvunyelwa, izimfuneko zokupakisha zezinto ezithile (isb, ukudla noketshezi), nemithetho yokulebula yokuhlonza izithako noma izinto ezingezwani nomzimba lapho kufanele khona.
Ama-PGA ayingxenye ye-Border Interagency Executive Council (I-BIEC), okuyibhodi labaqondisi eliphezulu elixhumanisa imizamo yokulawula phakathi kwama-ejensi ahlukahlukene kahulumeni angabambisene ne-CBP. I-BIEC ifuna ukwenza ukuthobela amasiko akubakhathazi kakhulu abangenisa kwamanye amazwe, okubavumela ukuthi bathole futhi balethe imibhalo yawo wonke ama-ejensi ahlukene endaweni eyodwa.
Uhlu lwama-PGA ibhizinisi ngalinye okufanele lazi ngalo
I-PGA ingaba yingxenye yomnyango kahulumeni wase-US, njengoMnyango Wezohwebo, noma ingaba i-ejensi ezimele enesethi yayo yemithetho neziqondiso. Nalu uhlu lwama-ejensi abalulekile kahulumeni angabambisene nawo wonke umuntu ongenisa impahla ngaphandle okufanele azi ngawo.
Ama-ejensi kahulumeni abambisene nawo
UMnyango Wezempilo Nezinsizakalo Zabantu
UMnyango Wezempilo Nezinsizakalo Zabantu wase-US (HHS) umnyango wenhlangano yase-US owengamele ukuphepha, ukuphepha, kanye nokuphila kahle kwezakhamizi zase-US. I-HHS inezigaba ezintathu ezinkulu: I-Food and Drug Administration (FDA), iCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), kanye neKhomishini Yokuphepha Komkhiqizo Wabathengi (CPSC).
Ukuphathwa Kwezokudla Nezidakamizwa (FDA)
The FDA unesibopho sokuvikela impilo yomphakathi ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukudla, izidakamizwa, izinto zezokwelapha, nezimonyo ziphephile futhi ziyasebenza. Bagunyaza noma bayenqaba izidakamizwa emisha nemishini yezokwelapha, bahlole ukusebenza kahle kwayo nemiphumela engemihle, bagunyaze izimangalo zokulebula emikhiqizweni yokudla, futhi baqinisekise ukuthi izinqubo zokukhiqiza ziphephile futhi zihlanzekile.
Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo (CDC)
The CDC unomthwalo wemfanelo wokuvimbela ukusabalala kwezifo, ukuvikela abantu ezingozini zezempilo, kanye nokuhlinzeka ngobuholi ezindabeni zempilo nokuphepha komphakathi. Bafeza lezi zinhloso ngokwengamela ukungeniswa kwezilwane, izinsalela zabantu, kanye nezinto eziphilayo ezithwala igazi njengamasampula egazi, uketshezi lomzimba, nezicubu.
IKhomishini Yezokuphepha Komkhiqizo Wabathengi (i-CPSC)
The I-CPSC iyisikhungo sikahulumeni esinguzakwethu esivikela umphakathi ezingozini ezingenangqondo zokulimala noma zokufa ezihlobene nemikhiqizo yabathengi. I-CPSC isebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo iphephile kubathengi ngokuphoqelela izindinganiso zokuphepha, ikhiphe ukukhumbula umkhiqizo, kanye nokunikeza izeluleko nolwazi kubathengi.
UMnyango Wezolimo
UMnyango Wezolimo wase-US (USDA) unomthwalo wemfanelo wokuqinisekisa impilo yezilwane nezitshalo e-United States, kanye nokuqapha nokulawula ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kwemikhiqizo yezilwane nezitshalo, okuhlanganisa inyama, izinkukhu, nemikhiqizo yobisi. I-USDA ikufeza lokhu ngohlelo lokuqondisa lokulawula oluhlanganisa ama-ejensi amathathu kahulumeni angabambisene.
Isevisi Yokuhlola Impilo Yezilwane Nezitshalo (APHIS)
APHIS isebenza ukuvimbela ukwethulwa kwezinambuzane nezifo zakwamanye amazwe e-United States ngokulawula ukungeniswa kokudla nemikhiqizo yezolimo. Benza le ndima ngezinsizakalo zokuhlola ezikhumulweni zokungena e-United States, ngokwenza uphenyo mayelana nokuhlasela okungenzeka noma izifo, kanye nokugcina uhlelo lokuhlola imikhiqizo ethile yezolimo evela kwamanye amazwe.
Isevisi Yokuphepha Kokudla kanye Nokuhlola (FSIS)
I-FSIS unomthwalo wemfanelo wokuqinisekisa ukuthi inyama, izinkukhu, nemikhiqizo yamaqanda kuphephile, kunempilo, futhi kubhalwe ngendlela efanele futhi kupakishwe ngendlela efanele. Le nhlangano ihlola izindawo ezilahlatshwayo, ezindaweni ezilungisa izinto, nasezindaweni zokugcina izimpahla lapho kugcinwa khona noma kusakazwa khona ukudla, nasemaqenjini awela imingcele. I-FSIS iphinde isebenze nezinye izinhlaka zikahulumeni ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amazinga enyama kanye nemikhiqizo yenkukhu ayahambisana emhlabeni jikelele.
Isevisi Yezolimo Yangaphandle (FAS)
FAS isiza abathumeli bezolimo base-US ukuthi baphumelele ezimakethe zomhlaba ngokuhlinzeka ngosizo lobuchwepheshe, ngokwenza ucwaningo lwemakethe nokuhlaziya, ukuhlinzeka ngosizo lwezohwebo ezinkampanini zase-US, nokusebenzisana nohulumeni bangaphandle ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinqubomgomo ezizuzisa ezolimo nemikhiqizo yokudla yase-US.
UMnyango Wezokuthutha
UMnyango Wezokuthutha wase-US (I-DOT) unomthwalo wemfanelo wokwengamela ukuphepha kwesistimu yezokuthutha yase-US, okuhlanganisa ukuhamba ngendiza, imizila yezitimela, imigwaqo emikhulu, nezinhlelo zokuhamba zomphakathi. I-DOT isebenza nezinye izinhlaka zikahulumeni ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhamba okuphephile ezweni lonke. Omunye wozakwethu ababalulekile yiNational Highway Traffic Safety Administration (I-NHTSA).
I-National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
Umgomo we-NHTSA uwukunciphisa ukufa, ukulimala, nokulahlekelwa kwezomnotho ngenxa yezingozi zezimoto. Banomthwalo wemfanelo wokusungula izimfuneko zokusebenza namazinga okuphepha okufanele zonke izimoto ezingeniswe e-United States zihlangabezane nazo. Lokhu kubandakanya izinto ezifana namabhande ezihlalo, ama-airbag, kanye ukuphahlazeka, kanye nezindinganiso zokukhishwa kwegesi kanye nezidingo zokonga uphethiloli.
UMnyango Wezezimali
I-US UMnyango Wezezimali iqinisekisa ukuzinza kohlelo lwezezimali lwase-US ngokunikeza ukwengamela uhlelo lwamabhange, ukuqapha usongo lwezomnotho ekuvikelekeni kwezwe, nokuphatha izimali zomphakathi nezinsiza. I-PGA eyinhloko eMnyangweni woMgcinimafa yi-Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB).
I-Alcohol and Fodya tax and Trade Bureau (TTB)
The I-TTB isikhungo sikahulumeni esinguzakwethu esilawula zonke iziphuzo ezidakayo, imikhiqizo kagwayi, nemimoya ehlutshiwe e-United States. I-TTB iqapha inqubo yokungenisa iwayini ezweni, iphenya izehlakalo zokukhwabanisa noma ukuphinga, futhi ihlola izikhungo ezikhiqiza isiphuzo sotshwala.
UMnyango Wezentengiso
Umnyango Wezohwebo wase-US (I-DOC) unesibopho sokuthuthukisa izinqubomgomo nezinhlelo ezisiza amabhizinisi ase-US ukuthi aqhudelane kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele. Lezi zinqubomgomo zihlanganisa ukusiza izinkampani zasekhaya ukuthi zisungule futhi zithumele imikhiqizo yazo ezimakethe zangaphandle, ukuphoqelela imithetho yohwebo olunobulungiswa, kanye nokwengamela inqubomgomo yokuhwebelana emhlabeni jikelele. I-DOC yengamele ama-ejensi amaningana okuhlanganisa i-National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) kanye neHhovisi Lendwangu Nezingubo (OTEXA).
I-National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS)
The I-NMFS iyingxenye yeNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), ngenhloso yokuvikela nokugcina imithombo yasolwandle. I-NMFS inomthwalo wemfanelo wokusebenzisa imithetho eklanyelwe ukuvimbela izifo nezilokazane ukuthi zingangeni ezweni ngemikhiqizo yezilwane zasolwandle ethengwa kwamanye amazwe. I-ejensi iphinde ilawule imisebenzi yokudoba emanzini ase-US.
Ihhovisi Lezingubo Nezingubo (OTEXA)
I-OTEXA unikezwe umsebenzi wokuthuthukisa izimboni zendwangu nezingubo zase-US kanye nokukhulisa ukuncintisana kwazo emhlabeni wonke. Basiza ezindabeni ezehlukene, kusukela ekuthuthukisweni kwezohwebo kanye nokwakhiwa kwamakhono kuya ekufinyeleleni ezimakethe kanye nokumela inqubomgomo. Ziphinde zisize abathengisi bezitolo baqonde ukuthi bangazingenisa kanjani izindwangu, ifayibha, izicathulo, nezimpahla zokuhamba.
Ezinye izinhlaka ezifanele
Amanye ama-ejensi amaningana abambe iqhaza ekulawuleni ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe. Zisebenza ngokuzimela futhi azizona ezanoma yimuphi umnyango othile wase-US, kodwa zisadlala indima ebalulekile ekwenziweni kwenqubomgomo yenhlangano nasekusetshenzisweni kwayo.
I-Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
The FCC ilawula ukungenisa nokudayiswa kwanoma iyiphi idivayisi ekhipha amaza omsakazo, okuhlanganisa ama-microwave, omakhalekhukhwini, amakhompyutha, namasethi we-TV. I-FCC iqinisekisa ukuthi lawa madivayisi ahlangabezana namazinga athile ukuze avikele abasebenzisi emisebeni eyingozi futhi avimbele ukuphazamiseka kwezinye izinto zikagesi.
I-ejensi yokuvikela imvelo (i-EPA)
The EPA unesibopho sokuphatha izinhlelo zemvelo, okuhlanganisa ukuqapha izinga lomoya, ukuhlola izinga lamanzi, ukuhlolwa kokuphepha kwamakhemikhali, nokunye. I-ejensi yengamele konke ukuthunyelwa kanye nokuthunyelwa kwemfucuza eyingozi e-United States. Baphinde balawule izinto zamakhemikhali njengezibulala-zinambuzane nezinto eziqeda i-ozone.
Ungahambisana kanjani nezidingo ze-PGA?
Akunandaba ukuthi ibhizinisi liwumthengisi wezitolo, ungenisa, noma umthumeli ngaphandle, ukuqonda ukuthi yiziphi izidingo ze-PGA ezisebenza emikhiqizweni yabo kungabasiza bonge isikhathi, imali, kanye namakhanda angenasidingo. Izinkampani eziningi aziyiboni imiphumela yokwehluleka ukuthobela izimfuneko ze-PGA kuze kube yilapho sekwephuze kakhulu!
Isibonelo, uma inkampani yokudla ingenisa kwamanye amazwe amaqanda amhlophe angamaqanda ukuze akhiqize amaqanda aqandisiwe kanye namaqanda aqandisiwe, kungase kudingeke ukuthi ihambisane nemithetho yama-ejensi amathathu kahulumeni angabambisene: i-Food and Drug Administration, i-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, kanye ne-Food Safety and Inspection Service.
Njengoba i-CBP iyisikhungo esiphoqelela imithetho yokungena esebenzayo esungulwe ama-PGA ahlukahlukene, ukwehluleka ukuthobela izimfuneko ze-PGA kuzoholela ekubambezelekeni kokuvunyelwa kwentela, ukuvalelwa ezindaweni zokungena, noma ukushaqwa kwezimpahla ezingenisiwe. Amabhizinisi angase futhi athole izinhlawulo noma izinhlawulo uma iziphathimandla zinquma ukuthi amadokhumenti awanembile noma awaphelele.
Uma ungaqiniseki ngokuthi iyiphi i-PGA ibhizinisi eliwela ngaphansi kwayo noma ukuthi lithobelana kanjani nezidingo zalo, kungcono ukuthintana nomhlinzeki wesevisi ochwepheshile ofana nomthengisi wezimpahla ezingenayo, owaziyo ukuthi yiziphi izidingo zokungenela okudingeka zaneliswe, okuhlanganisa nalezo ezibekwe ama-PGAs, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi wonke amaphepha aqedwa ngendlela efanele futhi ngokushesha. I-US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) yenze izinto zaba lula ezinkampanini ngokuhlanganisa iziqondiso eziningana ngokuhambisana nemithethonqubo ye-PGAs. Amabhizinisi angaphinda aye kumawebhusayithi asemthethweni e-ejensi ngayinye ukuze afunde kabanzi mayelana nezimfuneko zawo ezithile.
Ukuqonda imithetho ye-PGA ukuze kungeniswe ngaphandle ngokushelela
Ama-ejensi kahulumeni abambisene nawo ayimizimba elawulayo enomthelela oqondile ekungethweni kwezimpahla e-United States. Ukuqonda imithethonqubo yabo kuzosiza amabhizinisi ukuthi athole imvume yempahla futhi agweme izinhlawulo noma ukubambezeleka kokulethwa. Qiniseka ukuthi ubheka i-Chovm's isikhungo sebhulogi ukuze uhlale uphezulu kokuthrendayo kwakamuva kwezokuthutha nokuhweba.
Ingabe ufuna isixazululo sezinhlelo zokusebenza esinamanani ancintisanayo, ukubonakala okugcwele, nokusekelwa kwamakhasimende okufinyeleleka kalula? Hlola I-Chovm.com Logistics Marketplace namuhla.
