I-HDD vs. SSD: Uyini Umehluko?

Ubuchwepheshe be-HDD (Hard Disk Drive) kanye ne-SSD (Solid State Drive) buphakathi kwezinto abathengi abazicabangelayo lapho bethuthukisa umthamo wokulondoloza wangaphakathi wekhompyutha yabo. Zombili izinketho ziyatholakala kumakhompyutha amaningi namalaptop athengiswayo namuhla. 

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buguquka njalo, ukuqonda okuhle nokubi kwenketho ngayinye kuba semqoka ekwenzeni isinqumo esinolwazi ngezidingo zomuntu zekhompyutha.

Ngakho-ke, Lo mhlahlandlela ubheka umehluko oyisisekelo ohlukanisa lezi zindlu ezimbili zokugcina amandla. Ngokuhlukanisa ubunkimbinkimbi bama-HDD nama-SSD, abathengi bangakwazi ukunquma ukuthi yisiphi isisombululo sokugcina esihambisana kahle nezidingo zabo. 

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nokufana nomehluko phakathi kwamadrayivu aqinile kanye namadrayivu aqinile.

Okuqukethwe
Ukubuka konke kwemakethe ye-HDD ne-SSD
I-HDD ne-SSD Kuchaziwe
Ubuhle Nebubi bama-HDD nama-SSD
Isiphetho

Ukubuka konke kwemakethe ye-HDD ne-SSD

Imakethe ye-hard disk drive yayinenani lomhlaba jikelele le USD 38,489.9 wezigidi ngo-2022, futhi ochwepheshe balindele ukuthi usayizi wemakethe ukhuphuke futhi ufinyelele inani lama-USD 80,873.0 wezigidi ngo-2029. Izokhula ngezinga lokukhula lonyaka elihlanganisiwe (CAGR) lika-11.2% esikhathini sokubikezela sika-2022 kuya ku-2029.

Enye yezinto ezinomthelela ekukhuleni kwemakethe ye-HDD ukwenyuka kokwamukelwa kwalezi zixazululo ngabantu abaningi emhlabeni jikelele. Abathengi basebenziseka kakhulu futhi bayaphatheka i-desktop hard disk drive ukugcina amasistimu wokusebenza, izinhlelo, namanye amafayela kusetshenziswa amadiski kazibuthe.

Ukwengeza, kunesidingo esikhulu sokugcinwa kwedatha kumadrayivu aphathekayo ngamabhizinisi ezentengiselwano, okuhlelwe ukukhulisa imakethe ye-HDD. Abathengi bakhetha ama-hard drive nge indawo yokugcina enkulu njengoba inani ledatha elidinga ukugcinwa lilokhu landa.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imakethe ye-SSD yomhlaba wonke ifanele ukulinganiselwa I-USD 55.69 billion ngo-2023 futhi izokhuphukela ku-USD 125.05 billion ngo-2028, ikhule ngenani le-CAGR lika-17.56%. 

Isidingo esikhulu samadrayivu e-solid-state siye savela ngenxa yezinzuzo ezifana nesivinini, ukuthula, nokuthandeka okuvamile kuma-HDD. Lezi zici kungenzeka ziqhubekisele phambili I-SSD imakethe phambili.

I-HDD ne-SSD kuchaziwe

Iyini i-solid-state drive (SSD)?

I-solid-state drive (SSD) iyidivayisi yokugcina idatha esebenzisa imemori ye-flash esekelwe ku-NAND ukuze igcine idatha unaphakade. Ngokungafani amadrayivu e-hard disk yendabuko, esebenzisa izakhi zemishini ezifana namadiski okuphotha namakhanda okufunda/ukubhala, ama-SSD awanazo izingxenye ezihambayo. 

Lo mehluko oyisisekelo wenza ama-SSD asheshe kakhulu, athembeke kakhulu, futhi onge amandla kunama-HDD.

Ama-SSD sebenza ngokugcina idatha kumaseli enkumbulo enziwe ngama-transistors amasango antantayo. Lawa maseli enkumbulo angagcina idatha ngisho nalapho amandla ecishiwe, okuqinisekisa ukuphikelela kwedatha. Uma ufinyelela noma ubhala idatha ku-SSD, kuhilela ukushintsha isimo sikagesi salawa maseli enkumbulo ukuze amele idatha kanambambili (ama-0 no-1).

Ukuntuleka kwezingxenye zemishini ku Ama-SSD iqeda izikhathi zokufuna nokubambezeleka ezihlotshaniswa nama-HDD endabuko, okubavumela ukuthi bafinyelele futhi bathole idatha ngokushesha okukhulu. Ekugcineni, ithuthukisa ukusebenza kwesistimu iyonke futhi inikeza izikhathi ezimfushane zokuqalisa kanye nokulayisha uhlelo lokusebenza ngokushesha.

Iyini i-hard disk drive (i-HDD)?

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-hard disk drive (i-HDD), evame ukusetshenziswa kumakhompiyutha nezinye izinto zikagesi, isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokugcina kazibuthe ukuze igcine futhi ithole ulwazi lwedijithali. 

Izingxenye eziyinhloko ze- HDD kufaka phakathi amapuleti ensimbi ambozwe ngento kazibuthe futhi asonta ngesivinini esikhulu kanye nekhanda lokufunda/lokubhala elihamba phezu kwamapuleti okuphotha ukuze afunde noma abhale idatha.

Lapho ubhala idatha ku- HDD, inhloko efundwayo/ebhalayo yenza izibuthe izindawo ezincane ezipuletini eziphothayo, ezimelela ulwazi olunambambili lwedatha. Ukuze ufunde idatha, inhloko efundwayo/ebhalayo ithola izinguquko zensimu kazibuthe ezicwecweni futhi izihumushele kulwazi lwedijithali olungaqondwa yikhompyutha.

Imvelo yokusebenza kwabo yenza ama-hard disk ashaye kancane kunama-SSD. Ukwengeza, ukuba khona kwezingxenye ezihambayo kwenza ama-HDD abe sengozini enkulu yokulimala ngokomzimba nokulahlekelwa idatha ngenxa yokushaqeka noma ukuguga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. 

Naphezu kwale mikhawulo, ama-hard disk drive hlala udumile ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi uma umthamo omkhulu wokugcina udingeka ngenani eliphansi.

Ubuhle nobubi bama-HDD nama-SSD

Ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo ngenketho eyodwa, kunezici abathengi okufanele baziqaphele lapho ama-hard disk drives ewina ama-SSD futhi ngokuphambene nalokho. Ngezansi kukhona okuhle nokubi ngakunye:

Inani

Intengo ibalulekile uma uhlukanisa ama-HDD nama-SSD. Ngokwezindleko zegigabhayithi ngayinye, Ama-SSD zibonakalisa ibiza kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nama-hard drive. Idrayivu eqinile engu-1TB yangaphakathi engu-2.5-intshi ngokuvamile isuka ku-USD 40 iye ku-USD 60, kanti ama-SSD athengeka kakhulu anomthamo ofanayo kanye nesici sefomu aqala cishe ku-USD 80 ngesikhathi sokubhala. 

Lokhu kubangela izindleko zamasenti angu-4 kuya kwangu-6 ngegigabhayithi ngayinye ye-hard drive kanye namasenti angu-8 ngegigabhayithi ngayinye ye-SSD.

Umehluko ugqama kakhulu lapho uhlola ama-hard drive angu-3.5-intshi aphezulu. Ngokwesibonelo, a 12TB 3.5-inch hard drive ingabiza cishe u-USD 300 kuya ku-USD 350, ukushayela izindleko zegigabhayithi ngayinye ngaphansi kwamasenti angu-3.

Eminyakeni embalwa ezayo, ama-hard drive alindeleke ukuthi alondoloze inzuzo yawo yezindleko ngenxa yokuthembela kubuchwepheshe obudala, obuzinze kahle. Ngenkathi umehluko wentengo ngegigabyte ngayinye phakathi kwama-hard drive kanye ama-SSD aphansi iya incipha kancane kancane, ukukhetha okwakamuva kungase kwelule isabelomali sohlelo lwekhompiyutha yomthengi ngaphezu kwalokho abebekuhlelile ekuqaleni.

Amandla aphezulu najwayelekile

Amandla okugcina ama-HDD nama-SSD asuka ku-128GB aze afike ku-20TB. Ama-SSD omthengi omthamo omkhulu, ikakhulukazi lezo ezedlula i-2TB, azivamile emakethe, futhi uma zitholakala, zivame ukubiza. Abathengi bebanga abajwayelekile kakhulu bazozitholela amadrayivu ayisisekelo kumasistimu aphakathi kuka-500GB no-1TB.

Amakhompyutha aphathekayo aphambili kulezi zinsuku avame ukuba no-500GB njengomthamo wokuqala wokugcina. Noma kunjalo, kumasistimu athengekayo usebenzisa Ama-SSD, indawo yokugcina ingaya phansi njenge-128GB noma i-256GB ngenxa yokucatshangelwa kwentengo.

Amandla okugcina amakhulu abalulekile kubasebenzisi abanamaqoqo emidiya abanzi noma labo abahilelekile ekudaleni okuqukethwe (njengokuhlela ividiyo). Amasistimu aphezulu anganikeza ama-SSD kusukela 1TB kuya ku-8TB ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezinjalo zokulondoloza ezidingekayo.

Ukuphepha nokutholwa kwedatha

Noma nini lapho umshayeli wakho ehluleka, ungakwazi ukubuyisela idatha kukho kokubili i-SSD ne-HDD—nokho, kunomehluko omncane. Njengoba i-SDD iyintsha ngokuqhathaniswa emakethe, izinsiza eziningi zokutholwa kwedatha zikhokhisa kancane ukubuyisela idatha. Kodwa inqubo yokuthola idatha ishesha kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa ne-HDD.

Ama-SSD asebenzisa umyalo we-TRIM ukuze asule idatha unomphela lapho esuswa. Lo myalo usula idatha ngokulinganayo kuwo wonke amaseli okwenza kube nzima ukubuyisela amafayela asusiwe. Ukucekela phansi idatha ngokulinganayo kuwo wonke amaseli kusiza ukusabalalisa ukuguga nokudabuka ngokulinganayo, okwenza i-SSD ihlale isikhathi eside. 

Vikela idatha yakho ngokwenza isipele njalo kusitoreji samafu nedrayivu yangaphandle. Lokhu kuqeda isidingo sokukhathazeka mayelana nokutholwa kwedatha lapho umshayeli wakho ehluleka. 

Speed

Amadrayivu e-Solid-state (ama-SSD) adlula amadrayivu ediski aqinile (ama-HDD) ngemajini enkulu mayelana nesivinini. Isibonelo, I-PC esebenzisa i-SSD izoqala ngaphansi komzuzu futhi, ezimweni eziningi, imizuzwana. I-hard drive ithatha isikhathi ukusheshisa ekucacisweni kokusebenza futhi izohlala ihamba kancane kune-SSD phakathi nokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke. An I-PC ene-SSD noma i-Mac iqala ngokushesha, iqala futhi isebenzise isofthiwe, futhi idlulise amafayela ngokushesha kunamakhompyutha asebenzisa ama-HDD.

Umbuzo ovame kakhulu ukuthi ama-SSD ayenza kanjani ikhompuyutha yakho isheshe. Ngokuvamile, ama-SSD athuthukisa isivinini lapho amanani amakhulu edatha alayishwa ngasikhathi sinye. Nge-SSD, izinqubo ezilandelayo zisebenza ngokushesha:

• Ukuqala inqubo yokuqalisa isistimu yokusebenza
• Iqalisa uhlelo
• Kwethulwa ileveli entsha yomdlalo
• Ukuvula ifayela elikhulu elinesofthiwe esebenzisa amandla amaningi ekhompyutha
• Ukungenisa nokuthekelisa amafayela evidiyo
• Ukuhlola kuqala amafayela evidiyo kusofthiwe yokuhlela

Ezimweni lapho abathengi bedlulisa amafayela amakhulu, umehluko wejubane phakathi kwalokhu okubili ubonakala impela. Ama-HDD angakopisha idatha ku-30 ​​kuya ku-150 wamamegabhayithi ngomzuzwana (MB/s). Uma kuqhathaniswa, standard Ama-SATA SSD ukufeza umsebenzi ofanayo ngesivinini esingu-500 MB/s. Ukusebenza kwama-NVMe SSD akamuva kuyamangaza nakakhulu, kufinyelela isivinini esimangalisayo sika-3,000 kuya ku-3,500 MB/s.

ukuqina

Ama-SSD anenzuzo enkulu yokuqina ngaphezu kwama-HDD endabuko ngenxa yokuntuleka kwawo kwezingxenye ezihambayo. Lesi sici somklamo ongokwemvelo senza Ama-SSD imelana kakhulu nomonakalo owenziwe amaconsi noma imithelela kukhompuyutha, okuthuthukisa ukuthembeka kwayo kukonke, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezibucayi nezimo zokushisa ezeqisayo. 

Ama-SSD esimanje ayakwazi ukuhlala okungenani isikhathi eside njengama-HDD. Nakuba kuyiqiniso ukuthi amaseli e-SSD awakwazi ukubhalelwa izikhathi eziningi njengediski eku-HDD, lokhu akuvamile ukuletha inkinga ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela.

Uma kuziwa laptops, ama-SSD adlula ama-HDD ngenxa yokuphatheka kwawo. Amakhompyutha aphathekayo avame ukuphathwa kabi, okungalimaza izingxenye ezinyakazayo ezingaphakathi kwe-HDD.

Ukusebenzisa i-Windows CHKDSK (hlola umyalo wediski) ukuze kugcinwe i-SSD kuphephile futhi kunenzuzo. Kuyasiza ukuhlonza nokugwema noma yiziphi izingxenye ezinephutha ze-SSD okungenzeka ukuthi ziye zonakaliswa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Nokho, defragmenting i I-SSD akunconywa. Inqubo yokuhlukaniswa ihlanganisa imisebenzi eminingi yokubhala nokubhala kabusha, engasheshisa inqubo yokuguga ye-SSD.

Izici zefomu le-SSD ne-HDD

Isitoreji se-SSD sitholakala ngokucushwa nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene. Ekuqaleni, ama-SSD ayeklanyelwe ukuphindaphinda usayizi nokuma kwama-HDD endabuko ukuze kube lula ukuthuthukiswa okulula. Nokho, abaningi Ama-SSD sebehlangene nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe njengoba bengancikile ezingxenyeni ezihambayo.

Isibonelo esisodwa sefomu elincane lama-SSD yi-M2 SSD. Nakuba lawa ma-SSD enamanani aphezulu, anikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile zokonga isikhala futhi angafakwa ngokuqondile ebhodini lomama ngaphandle kokudinga izintambo. 

I-M2 SSDs ungasebenzisa i-SATA noma i-NVMe ukuxhumana nebhodi lomama. Kodwa-ke, abathengi badinga ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana kwe-motherboard yabo nedrayivu ethize ye-M2 abahlose ukuyisebenzisa.

Umsindo, amandla, nesikhathi sokuphila

Mayelana nomsindo, ama-HDD anomsindo kunama-SSD. Yonke i-hard drive, ngisho nethule kakhulu, idala umsindo othile phakathi nokusebenza ngenxa yokujikeleza kwamapuleti okushayela kanye nokunyakaza kwengalo efundiwe. Umsindo uvame ukubonakala kakhulu kuma-hard drive asheshayo kunawahamba kancane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-SSD awakhiqizi umsindo njengoba engathembeli ezingxenyeni eziwumshini ukuze afunde noma abhale idatha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-SSD ayidingi ugesi ukuze isonge ucwecwe usuka lapho umile, okusho ukuthi awekho amandla asetshenzisiwe amoshayo ngenxa yokungqubuzana noma umsindo. Ngakho, kwenza Ama-SSD esebenza kahle kakhulu. Kumadeskithophu noma kumaseva, lokhu kukhuphuka kokusebenza kahle kungaholela emalini ephansi yamandla. Ngokufanayo, amakhompyutha aphathekayo noma amathebulethi avumela ukuphila kwebhethri okunwetshiwe, okukunikeza imizuzu eyengeziwe noma amahora okusebenzisa ngaphandle kokushajwa kabusha.

Bese kuba nendaba yokuphila isikhathi eside okufanele icatshangelwe. Ngenkathi ama-SSD aziwa ngokuguga ngokushesha, intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe, njenge Umyalo we-TRIM, uthuthukise ngamandla le mijikelezo yokufunda/yokubhala, okwenza kube mancane amathuba okuthi abathengi bahlangabezane namaphutha okufunda/ukubhala nge-SSD ngaphambi kokucabangela ukuthuthukisa isistimu yabo ngenxa yokuphelelwa yisikhathi.

Uma sisakhathazekile, amathuluzi ahlukahlukene ayatholakala ukusiza abasebenzisi baqaphe ubude bempilo elinganiselwe yedrayivu yabo futhi bahlole impilo yabo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngenxa yokusetshenziswa njalo, ama-hard drives endabuko nazo zizoguga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uma kubhekwa ukuthembela kwazo ezindleleni zokuqopha ngokomzimba. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuphila isikhathi eside, kuba nesinqumo esincane uma kuhlukanisiwe nokucatshangelwa kokuhamba nokumangelengele.

Isitoreji: ukuphula ngokusebenzisa icala

Kafushane, ama-hard drive ngokuvamile ahamba phambili ngokwenani namandla. Kungenjalo, ama-SSD akhethwa uma izici ezifana nesivinini, ukumangeleka, uhlobo lwefomu, umsindo, noma ijubane kuwukucatshangelwa okubalulekile. Ukube intengo nomthamo wesitoreji bekungezona izici ezibeka umkhawulo, ama-SSD ngokungangabazeki abengaba abawinile ocacile.

Umbuzo ophakamayo: Iyiphi i-SSD noma i-HDD inketho evumelana kangcono nezidingo zomthengi? Ake siyihlaziye ngokuqhubekayo:

Obani abangcono kakhulu ama-HDD?

• Abasebenzisi abajwayelekile: Kubasebenzisi abathanda ukugcina noma ukulanda amanani amakhulu wamafayela emidiya yomuntu siqu, i-hard drive enamandla amakhulu isadingeka njengoba ama-SSD eba yizindleko ezinkulu zokuqoqwa kwamavidiyo nomculo. Kodwa-ke, uma bethanda ukusakaza umculo namavidiyo ku-inthanethi, bakhetha okuncane I-SSD ngentengo efanayo izohlinzeka ngolwazi lomsebenzisi olungenamthungo futhi olujabulisayo.
• Abathengi bebhajethi: Ama-hard drive endabuko inikeza isitoreji esanele ngezindleko eziphansi, okubenza babe inketho esebenza kangcono kubathengi bama-PC angu-USD 300 abathola ama-SSD ebiza kakhulu.
•  Abasebenzisi bemidiya eminingi abashisekayo nabalandi abasindayo: Kubaqoqi bevidiyo, ukuba nesikhala esanele sokugcina kubalulekile, futhi ama-hard drive ajwayelekile ahlinzeka ngendlela elula nengabizi kakhulu yokuthola i-8TB noma umthamo wokulondoloza owengeziwe.
• Abaculi nabaklami bezithombe: Izihleli zevidiyo nezithombe zisebenzisa isitoreji ngokushesha kunabanye abasebenzisi. Ukungeza a I-hard drive ye-2TB kungaba ishibhile kunokushintsha i-500GB SSD. Nokho, umehluko wentengo uya uba mncane.

Obani abangcono kakhulu ama-SSD?

• Onjiniyela bomsindo nabaculi: Ukuze urekhode noma uphathe kahle umculo, khetha ama-SSD athule ukuze ugweme umsindo oklwebhekayo ongakhiqizwa ama-hard drive.
• Amademoni asheshayo: Abathengi abafuna ukusebenza okusheshayo, ukuqalisa okusheshayo, nokwethulwa kohlelo lokusebenza kusistimu yabo bangatshala imali ku- I-SSD. Bangakwazi ukwengeza i-hard drive eyengeziwe noma i-SSD uma bedinga isitoreji esengeziwe.
• Amaqhawe omgwaqo: Abasebenzisi abahlohla amakhompyutha aphathekayo ngephutha ezikhwameni bazothola ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe kwe I-SSD ekhangayo. Ukuvala ikhompyutha ephathekayo kungazelelwe ukuze ubambe indiza kungase kungaqinisekisi ukuthi ilele ngokuphelele, futhi lokhu kukhathazeka kudlulela kochwepheshe abasebenza usohambeni, njengabasebenzi bezinsiza nabacwaningi basenyuvesi.
• Ochwepheshe bezobuciko bezithombe nobunjiniyela: Noma kunjalo amadiski aqinile zilungile, inzuzo yejubane ye-SSD ingaba yisici esihlukanisayo phakathi kokufeza iziphakamiso ezimbili zeklayenti noma ukuzuza ezinhlanu eziphawulekayo.

Isiphetho

Impi phakathi kwama-HDD nama-SSD iyaqhubeka emhlabeni wekhompyutha. Njengoba abathengi befuna isixazululo esiphelele sesitoreji, ukuqonda umehluko obalulekile phakathi kwalezi zindlu ezimbili zikagesi kuba semqoka. Ama-HDD abusa ngentengo namandla, kuyilapho ama-SSD ehamba phambili ngesivinini, ukuqina, nokuphatheka. Ngalo mhlahlandlela, abathengi bangakhetha ngokuhlakanipha, ekugcineni benze wonke umehluko ohambweni lwabo lwekhompyutha.