Indlela Yokukhetha Isilayishi Esisetshenzisiwe

Izilayishi ziyimishini ethembekile, futhi kunemakethe enempilo yamamodeli asetshenzisiwe. Lesi sihloko sihlola okucatshangwayo ekuthengeni umshini osetshenzisiwe, futhi sibheka ezinye zezinketho ezitholakalayo. Iphinde inikeze umhlahlandlela wezinto okufanele uzibheke, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umthengi uthola umshini onakekelwa kahle futhi onokwethenjelwa.

Okuqukethwe
Yini isilayishi?
Imakethe yezilayishi ezisetshenzisiwe
Unganquma kanjani ukuthi iyiphi i-loader efaneleke kakhulu?
Indlela yokuhlola lokho okuthengayo
Imicabango yokugcina

Yini isilayishi?

Nakuba igama elithi 'isilayishi' lingase libonakale lisobala kwabanye, kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezihlukene zesilayishi emakethe futhi zingahluka kakhulu. Ngakho-ke lapho uhlola izinketho ezitholakalayo emakethe, kuyafaneleka ukuthatha isinyathelo esifushane emuva ukuze ubheke izinhlobo ezahlukene.

Ngamagama alula, a Loader ingumshini onasondo onamandla onebhakede elifakwe ngaphambili, noma isikophu. Ibhakede lisetshenziswa njengendawo yokuqoqa amatshe, isihlabathi, nezinye izinto ezixegayo, bese liyisusa endaweni ethile liyise kwenye, noma lilayishe impahla elolini. Okunamathiselwe kwesilayishi kungase kulungiswe noma kukhipheke, futhi kungase kuhambisane neminye imisebenzi ngokwengeza okokufakwayo okufana nama-forklift, 'izithupha' ze-grabber noma amanye amathuluzi athile.

Ngokomlando a i-loader ingugandaganda, iguqulelwe ukwengeza i-front-mounted ibhakede exhunywe kugandaganda ngezingalo ezimbili ezisebenza nge-hydraulic.

Abalayishi manje bangathatha izinhlobo eziningi, futhi leli gama lingabandakanya izilayishi ezenziwe ngenjongo, ogandaganda abashintshiwe, nezinqola zokushushuluza (njenge Bobcat).

Ama-loaders angabuye afakwe i-boom yangemuva, ingalo kanye nebhakede ukwenza isilayishi se-backhoe. Lezi zilayishi ze-backhoe zingaba ogandaganda abanezinto zombili ngaphambili nangemuva, noma inhloso eyakhelwe i-backhoe loaders, njenge I-JCB.

Yize ama-loaders evamise ukunamasondo, okunikeza ukuhamba nesivinini, kukhona nezinguqulo ze-undercariage ezilandelwayo, ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-crawler loaders. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungase kudidaniswe nama- bulldoza, kodwa ogandaganda bane-blade yangaphambili egxunyekiwe yokuphusha, kunebhakede lokugezwa. 

Imakethe yezilayishi ezisetshenzisiwe

Imakethe yama-loader emhlabeni wonke ikhula kancane kancane, ngenani elilindelekile lokukhula elihlanganisiwe lonyaka (CAGR) ka-3.4% kusukela ngo-2020 kuya ku-2027. Imakethe yase-US ikhombisa ukuthi izilayishi ezinamasondo zinesabelo semakethe esibalulekile, zilandelwa izilayishi ze-backhoe, bese kuba izilayishi ze-skid steer nama-crawler loader cishe endaweni yesithathu.

Unganquma kanjani ukuthi iyiphi i-loader efaneleke kakhulu?

Ukucatshangelwa kokuqala ekukhetheni i-loader esetshenzisiwe efanelekile kuyoba umsebenzi odingekayo. Bungakanani usayizi womsebenzi, kungakanani okuzothuthwa, kusuka kuphi kuye kuphi, futhi injani indawo kanye nokufinyelela? Kusukela kulokhu, umthengi angakwazi ukuphendula eminye imibuzo ngosayizi, umthamo webhakede, umthwalo wethiphu, usayizi wesondo, isisindo sokusebenza namandla okuphuma, kanye nezinamathiselo okungenzeka ziyadingeka.

• Usayizi: Isilayishi sidinga ukuba sikhulu ngokwanele ukuze siphakamise izinto ezihlosiwe, kodwa sibe sincane ngokwanele ukuze singene kunoma yiziphi izikhala ezilindelekile.
• Umthamo webhakede nomthwalo: Lona umthamo omkhulu wevolumu okufanele ibhakede likwazi ukuwubamba, kanye nesisindo esiphezulu esingasiphakamisa.
• Ukulayisha ithiphu: Lesi isandiso esiphezulu isilayishi esingasingatha ngomthwalo ogcwele, obalulekile ekulayisheni amaloli noma ukwelula izikhala.
• Ubungako beTire: Ukujula kwethayi lokunyathela kudinga ukuhambisana nezinhlobo zezwe ezihlosiwe.
• Isisindo sokusebenza: Isisindo esiphelele somshini jikelele sidinga ukufaneleka endaweni yokusebenza. 
• Amandla okuqhuma: Leli inani lamandla umlayishi angawasebenzisa lapho ekhipha impahla emhlabathini ngesikhathi sokusebenza kokuhlehlisa.
• Izinhlobo zokunamathiselwe ezihambisanayo: Uma isilayishi sidingeka ukwenza eminye imisebenzi elingakwazi ukuyisingatha ibhakede, kuzodingeka ukuthi ihambisane nezinye izinamathiselo.

Nazi ezinye izibonelo zama-loaders atholakala emakethe yezandla ezisetshenziswayo, ezibonisa izinhlobo zamamodeli, umthamo nezintengo:

Isithombe semodeli	Uhlobo Lokulayisha, Imodeli Nonyaka	MachineWeight &Umthamo	AdvertizedPrice (USD)
	I-Skid Steer Umthwalo wokulayisha China brand I-VS30 Unyaka: 2020	Isisindo: 1,500kg Amandla: 300kg	15,000
	I-Skid Steer Loader I-Changlin 275F Unyaka: 2022	Isisindo: 3,400kg Amandla: 1,050kg	20,400
	I-Tractor Backhoe Loader Hengwang HW08-12 Unyaka: 2020	Isisindo: 3,200kg Amandla: 4,000kg	5,888
	I-Backhoe Loader I-JCB 3CX Unyaka: 2014	Isisindo: 16,000kg Amandla: 15,000kg	4,000
	Isilayishi esinamasondo I-XCMG LW300KN Unyaka: 2019	Isisindo: 10,900 Amandla: 3,000kg	20,000
	Isilayishi esinamasondo I-Volvo L120E Unyaka: 2019	Isisindo: 20,000 Amandla: 168kg	31,000
	Isilayishi esinamasondo I-Liugong CLG855 Unyaka: 2016	Isisindo: 16,300 Amandla: 5,000kg	15,000
	Isilayishi esinamasondo Isibungu CAT966H Unyaka: 2020	Isisindo: 23,698 Amandla: 6,000kg	22,000

Indlela yokuhlola lokho okuthengayo

Uma umthengi esenqume ukuthenga isilayishi esisetshenzisiwe, futhi kucacile ukuthi yibuphi usayizi, amandla kanye nokucushwa okudingekayo, bazofuna ukwazi ukuthi ukukhetha kwabo kungokwekhwalithi enhle.

Ukuthenga ku-inthanethi ezithombeni kuza nezingozi, kodwa lokhu kungancishiswa ngezinye iziqondiso. Ungacela umthengisi kusenesikhathi mayelana nelogi yesondlo kanye namarekhodi esevisi (okuhlanganisa noshintsho lukawoyela nesihlungi), kanye nanoma imaphi amanye amadokhumenti asekelayo atholakalayo. Ilogi yesevisi egcinwe kahle, efakwe amarekhodi ajwayelekile, iyizinkomba zokunakekela nokunaka ukunakekelwa. Izingxenye eziyinhloko kulula ukuzithenga, futhi umshini osebenzayo ungagcinwa usezingeni eliphezulu uma unakekelwa kahle. Ngakho futhi bheka amarekhodi kanye/noma ama-invoyisi okushintsha izingxenye zekhwalithi.

Kuzobaluleka ukuthi uhlole isilayishi ngaphambi kokuyamukela ekugcineni, kungaba kusizinda somphakeli noma ngemva kokulethwa. Nazi ezinye izindawo okufanele uzibheke lapho uhlola isilayishi esisetshenzisiwe.

Ukubukeka sekukonke

Izilayishi zenzelwe ukuthi zibe nzima, zisebenze ezimeni ezinodaka neziqinile. Ibhakede nomzimba kungase kukhube amatshe noma amatshe nsuku zonke, ngakho-ke kungase kulindelwe ukucwila nokuklwebheka okumbalwa. Uma isilayishi sibukeka sihlanzekile, sinokupenda okuhle, futhi amathayi nenjini kubonakala kusesimweni esihle, khona-ke cishe iphathwe kahle. Noma yiziphi izimpawu zokugqwala, izindawo zikapende ezithintekile, noma izinkomba zokuvuza kwamafutha, zingasho ukuthi isilayishi asizange sinakekelwe kahle.

Isimo senjini

Ingabe injini ibonakala ihlanzekile? Ingabe zikhona izimpawu zamabala kawoyela ahlanzwe ngokusolisayo? Ingabe amapayipi abukeka ephukile noma agugile futhi ama-seal aqinile? Njengoba injini isebenza, hlola ukuthi akukho yini ukuconsa kwamafutha, imisindo engqongqozayo evela kumasilinda, nanoma iyiphi intuthu emhlophe noma emnyama evela ku-exhaust. Hlola isitifiketi esishiwo se-EPA senjini bese uhlola ukukhishwa kwegesi usebenzisa a ikhithi yokuhlola ukukhishwa kwedizili. Hlola ukuthi isihlungi somoya sihlanzekile, bese uqhathanisa nerekhodi lesevisi ukuze uthole ushintsho lokugcina.

Cab

Hlola i-tachometer ngamahora aqoshiwe okusebenza. Amageji angashintshwa, ngakho-ke ingabe irekhodi lifana negeji? Ingabe isihlalo, amaphedali, izilawuli, phansi nezinsimbi kukhombisa izimpawu zokuntula ukunakekelwa, ukungcola noma umonakalo? Ingabe ama-gauge ayasebenza?

IHydraulics

Hlola amapayipi amanzi kanye nezimpawu zendandatho ze-O zokuvuza. Ama-hydraulics adinga umfutho ophezulu, ngakho-ke uphawu olubi lunciphisa amandla. Ingabe zikhona izimpawu ezibonakalayo zokucwila noma imihuzuko kumasilinda? Kusuka kumarekhodi esevisi, uketshezi olusebenza ngamanzi ashintshwe kaningi kangakanani?

Ibhakede

Ingabe kukhona umonakalo ohlangothini noma ngaphansi kwebhakede? Ingabe amazinyo aqinile? Ingabe izikhonkwane nezihlahla ziqinile noma kukhona ukunyakaza okusemaceleni okweqile? Ingabe i-boom nezingalo zibonisa noma yiluphi uphawu lomonakalo noma ukulungiswa (njengamapheshana ashiselwe), futhi ingabe amasilinda ahlanzekile futhi abushelelezi?

Iphuzu lokukhuluma

Ingabe i-articulation ikhomba ngaphansi kwe-cab ibukeka yonakele? Ingabe kukhona ukunyakaza okweqile kumaphini? Ingabe igcotshwe kahle futhi igrisi ibukeka isha, ingaqinile noma iqinile?

chassis

Uma isilayishi sinamasondo, hlola amathayi ukuthi awafakile yini noma agugile. Amathayi angaba indawo ebizayo. Ingabe amarimu alimele? Ingabe i-ekseli igcotshwe kahle?

Uma isilayishi siyi-crawler, hlola amathrekhi, iketango, ama-roller, ama-sprockets, izikhonkwane nama-bushings ukuze uthole izimpawu zokuguga. Uma ithrekhi ibonakala ixega, lokho kuyinkomba yokuguga kwamarola neketango. Uma ithrekhi ibonakala iqinile, ingabe isixhumanisi sisusiwe? Hlola uqhathanisa nemininingwane yomkhiqizi ukuze uthole inombolo elungile yezixhumanisi zethrekhi.

Imicabango yokugcina

Ukuthenga isilayishi esisetshenzisiwe ku-inthanethi akudingekile ukuba kube yisinqumo esiyingozi, kodwa kuzoba nemibuzo lapho kunezithombe kuphela othembele kuzo. Umthengi ocophelelayo kufanele acele wonke amarekhodi esondlo, iziqinisekiso zomphakeli namawaranti. Khona-ke kuyobaluleka ukuhlola endaweni, ukusebenzisa injini, ukuhlola zonke izingxenye zokusebenza nesimo sisonke. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe mayelana nokukhetha okubanzi kwama-loader asetshenzisiwe atholakalayo, bheka Chovm.com umbukiso.