Ungawasebenzisa Kanjani Amasistimu Elanga Ukuze Uphumelele Ibhizinisi

Ngokumelene nesizinda soguquko lwamandla omhlaba, isidingo samandla ahlanzekile emhlabeni wonke siyakhula. Amandla elanga abe esinye sezixazululo zamandla ezithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yemvelo yawo ehlanzekile futhi evuselelekayo, futhi ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric kuyaqhubeka nokuba ngcono ngenkathi izindleko zokukhiqiza zehla. Ngenxa yalokhu, ayanda amabhizinisi nabantu ngabanye bathuthela ekusebenziseni i-solar generator. Amasistimu elanga manje asetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni zokuhlala, izimboni, ezokuthutha, ezolimo kanye nezimboni. 

Kulesi sihloko, sizokwethula ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana namasistimu elanga, njengobuchwepheshe bawo, izigaba, izinzuzo, kanye nesidingo semakethe, kanye nezindaba zempumelelo yohlelo lokusebenza. Sisonke, sithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi lungakusiza ukuba usebenzise amathuba emakethe futhi lunikeze izinkomba eziwusizo zempumelelo yebhizinisi lakho.

Okuqukethwe
Indlela ama-solar panel asebenza ngayo
Kungani kufanele sishintshele ekusetshenzisweni kwamaseli elanga
Indlela yokukhetha iseli elilanga elifanele
Amakesi empumelelo yamaseli elanga
Amathemba ephaneli yelanga
Isiphetho

Indlela ama-solar panel asebenza ngayo

Kalula nje, amaphaneli elanga aguqula amandla okukhanya abe amandla kagesi ngezinqubo ze-photoelectric. Ikakhulukazi yakhiwe iseli yelanga, izilawuli, nama-inverter. Iseli yelanga ngokungangabazeki iyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yephaneli yelanga, isebenzisa umphumela we-volt owenziwe isithombe kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo se-semiconductor ukuguqula amandla okukhanya abe ugesi ngqo.

Kungani kufanele sishintshele ekusetshenzisweni kwamaseli elanga

Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani amabhizinisi kanye nabantu bangafuna ukucabanga ngokushintshela kumasistimu wamaseli elanga, okuhlanganisa:

Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kukagesi

Amasistimu elanga angaphandle kwegridi, noma amasistimu okukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic asabalalisiwe, angakhiqiza ugesi ngokuzimela, ngaleyo ndlela anciphise ukuncika komsebenzisi kumandla angaphandle. Uma kugadla izinhlekelele zemvelo, noma ukuphela kukagesi, ukuba nogesi ozimele kusho ukufinyelela kugesi okungaphazamiseki. Ezindaweni lapho ugesi ungathembeki khona noma othambekele ekubeni nezimo zezulu ezinzima njalo, amasistimu anjalo okugcina amandla anikeza indlela yokuphila edingeka kakhulu kumabhizinisi nakubantu, ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwezimali nokugcina abasebenzisi ku-inthanethi.

Ukunciphisa izikweletu zamandla

Amasistimu elanga asiza ukwehlisa izindleko zikagesi ezindlini nasezinkampanini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukwengeza, ugesi oweqile ungathengiswa ubuyiselwe kugridi, udale imali eyengeziwe yomndeni wakho noma inkampani.

Cishe azikho izindleko zokunakekela

Ama-solar panels awanawo amadivaysi e-elekthronikhi ayinkimbinkimbi, okusho ukuthi ngemva kokufakwa ngempumelelo, adinga ngempela ukuhlanzwa nokuhlolwa njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuvamile. Uma kuqhathaniswa nemishini evamile yokuphehla ugesi, amasistimu kagesi welanga angasiza ukonga isikhathi nemali, futhi azikho izindleko zokuyilungisa.

Okuluhlaza futhi okuqhubekayo

Ama-solar panel awakhiqizi amagesi ayingozi njenge-carbon dioxide ne-sulfide ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza amandla, ngakho-ke awangcolisi umkhathi futhi asize ekunciphiseni ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa. Amandla elanga ayindlela evumelana nemvelo kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi, futhi awashi. Iphinde ikhombise isibopho sebhizinisi emphakathini futhi isungula isithombe esihle sentuthuko esimeme.

Ukugcina izakhiwo zivaliwe

Ukufaka iziteshi zamandla elanga ophahleni lwesakhiwo kungase futhi kusebenze njengesivikelo sokushisa sesibili, kwehlisa ngempumelelo izinga lokushisa lophahla ngo-3°C kuya ku-5°C, kwehlise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla endlini, futhi kuthuthukise indawo yakho yokusebenza nokuhlala.

Indlela yokukhetha iseli elilanga elifanele

Uma usemakethe yamaseli elanga, uzofuna ukuqhathanisa ukuthi iyiphi impahla esetshenziselwa ama-electrode eseli. Amaphaneli elanga ngokuvamile asebenzisa i-silicon ye-monocrystalline, i-polysilicon, i-amorphous silicon, i-multi-compound, namabhethri aguqukayo. I-silicon ye-Monocrystalline ne-polysilicon yizinhlobo ezimbili ezisetshenziswa kakhulu njengamanje. Nakuba zombili zenziwe nge-silicon, isakhiwo sazo sangaphakathi se-crystal sihluka, ne-silicon ye-monocrystalline eyakhiwe ngesakhiwo esiphelele se-crystal, okwenza kube nokuguqulwa okuphezulu kwe-18-24%. Nokho, izindleko zokukhiqiza nazo ziphezulu. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-polysilicon yakhiwe inani lezinto ezincane, ehlinzeka ngokusebenza okuphansi kokuguqulwa okungaba ngu-16% kodwa ngezindleko eziphansi. Amaphaneli e-Multi-crystal silicon angase abe ngcono ngaleso sikhathi kubasebenzisi ababeka intengo kuqala ngaphezu kokusebenza kahle, kuyilapho izinketho zekristalu eyodwa zinengqondo kulabo abafuna ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu naphezu kwezindleko eziphezulu zangaphambili. Khetha ngokusekelwe ezimweni zakho ezithile kanye nokucatshangelwa kwemvelo.

Esinye isici okufanele ucabange ngaso ukukhetha phakathi kwamaphaneli elanga angaphandle kwegridi noma axhumeke kugridi. Isistimu yelanga engaphandle kwegridi ayixhunyiwe kugridi yomphakathi, ngakho idinga ukuthi ibe namabhethri okugcina kanye nesilawuli esilawulayo, sishaje, futhi sikhiphe ugesi. Amasistimu elanga axhunywe kwigridi axhunywe kugridi yomphakathi, ngakho-ke aguqula amaza ashintshashintshayo ngokuqondile ngesiguquli.

Amakesi empumelelo yamaseli elanga

Amaphaneli elanga okuthutha

Ukushintsha indawo ephezulu ye-carports ngamamojula we-photovoltaic kungasiza ekufinyeleleni ukukhiqizwa kwamandla we-photovoltaic futhi kunikeze ukuvikelwa komthunzi nemvula. Ukuhlanganisa lokhu nezinqwaba zokushaja isitoreji samandla kudala uhlelo oludidiyelwe lokushaja ukukhanya nokugcinwa kwezindawo zokubeka izimoto.

Icala lephrojekthi

Ichweba laseNingbo Zhoushan, esifundazweni saseZhejiang eseningizimu neChina, lasungula iphrojekthi yokuqala ehlanganisiwe yokushaja i-photovoltaic. Uphahla lweshede lunephaneli yokuphehla amandla elanga enezinqwaba zokushaja ezingu-10 DC. Ngokusebenzisa amandla elanga ngendlela efanele, ishede lingahlangabezana nezidingo ezishintshayo zezimoto zikagesi ezicishe zibe ngu-30 ngosuku, ngokusekelwe esikhathini sokushaja esimaphakathi samahora angu-5-6 ngemoto ngayinye.

Amaphaneli elanga ezolimo

Ama-solar panel angabuye afakwe ophahleni lwamaphrojekthi ezolimo, kuyilapho umhlabathi usetshenziselwa ukutshala nokuzalanisa. Lokhu kunikeza ugesi kanye nendawo yokukhosela izitshalo, izinkomo, nezimvu, ukuthuthukisa indawo ezungezile yesifunda kanye nokwenza kahle isakhiwo samandla epulazi.

Icala lephrojekthi

Amaphrojekthi esiteshi samandla kaJilin Fuxian photovoltaic asebenzisa imodeli "ye-photovoltaic + ezolimo kanye nokufuywa kwezilwane". Amamojula e-Photovoltaic afakwe ophahleni lwendlu ebamba ukushisa nasezindlini zemfuyo, afinyelela umthamo ofakiwe ophelele wama-kilowatts angu-190,000, okuwenza ube iphrojekthi enkulu kunazo zonke ehambisana nokukhanya kwezolimo esifundazweni saseJilin esenyakatho-mpumalanga yeChina.

Amaphaneli elanga okudoba

Ama-solar panel angaphinde afakwe emachibini ukuze kuphehlwe ugesi kuyilapho kugcinwa izimo zokukhiqiza izinhlanzi zokufuywa kwezinhlanzi. Le ndlela ithuthukisa ukusetshenziswa komhlaba kanye nemali etholwa abalimi, idale imodeli entsha yokuhlanganiswa kwezimboni kanye nentuthuko.

Icala lephrojekthi

Iphrojekthi yesiteshi samandla kagesi esine-photovoltaic engu-350 MW ehambisanayo e-Chibi, esifundazweni sase-China esimaphakathi ne-Hubei, yamukela indlela yokulima “yezindawo zokudoba imvelo + i-ecological aquaculture + pond enclosure,” ngenani lonyaka eliphumayo elingama-yuan ayizigidi ezingu-88. Ngemva kokuphothulwa, le phrojekthi izohlinzeka cishe ngamadigri ahlanzekile ayizigidi ezingama-460 ngonyaka.

Amathemba ephaneli yelanga

Njengamanje, imbuyiselo yokutshalwa kwezimali kwamaphaneli elanga iphakathi kuka-18% no-30%. Inani lokutshalwa kwezimali lincike ezindlekweni zakho zokwakha, umthamo ofakiwe, kanye nalokho okulindele. Kubasebenzisi abajwayelekile bezindawo zokuhlala, isikhathi sokukhokha cishe siyiminyaka engu-6-7, kuyilapho ukusetshenziswa kwezentengiselwano noma amandla, siyiminyaka emi-5-6. Isivinini sokukhokha sizoncika kakhulu enanini likagesi kanye nevolumu yokusetshenziswa.

Imboni ye-photovoltaic yomhlaba wonke iyadlondlobala njengamanje. Ngokusho kwe-International Energy Agency (IEA), umthamo ofakiwe we-PV womhlaba wonke kulindeleke ukuthi ufinyelele ku-1.3TW ku-2023, kabili kusukela ngo-2018. Lokhu kukhula kubonisa inqubekelaphambili esheshayo yobuchwepheshe be-photovoltaic futhi kubonisa ukuthi isidingo somhlaba wonke samandla avuselelekayo siyakhula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba izindleko zokukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic ziqhubeka nokuwa, kulindeleke ukuthi ngo-2023, izindleko ezijwayelekile zokukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic zizowela ku-US $ 0.03-0.10 nge-KWh ngayinye, intengo ezokwenza amasistimu elanga abe umthombo ophelele wezomnotho wokunikezwa kwamandla ezindaweni eziningi.

Isiphetho

Ukusebenzisa amaseli elanga kungathuthukisa ukuvikeleka kwakho kukagesi futhi kunciphise izindleko zamandla. Lapho ukhetha amabhethri, kufanele ukhethe uhlobo olufanele lwebhethri ngokusekelwe ekusebenziseni kwakho kwangempela. Njengamanje, amaseli elanga anezicelo eziningi kuzo zombili izinkundla zokuhlala nezimboni. Ngakho-ke, nge ama-solar panel aphinde asetshenziswe kuzo zonke izindlu kanye nezimboni, lezi zinhlelo zibukeka zinekusasa eliqhakazile eminyakeni ezayo.

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