Ungayifaka Kanjani Indawo Yokupakisha Okulahlwayo kwePlastiki Takeaway Manje

Inhlolovo yakamuva eyenziwe ngo-2023 kwembule ushintsho olukhulu ekukhetheni okuthandwayo kwe-American yokudlela, ngokuthambekela okumangazayo ekulethweni kokudla kanye nokuthatha ngaphezu kwesipiliyoni sokudlela esivamile. Ngokusho kwe Ucwaningo lwe-US Foods, eqoqe izimpendulo kubantu abayi-1,000, u-57% wabahlanganyeli bathanda izinsiza zokuthatha. Ngempela, imakethe yokulethwa kokudla emhlabeni wonke ibone ukukhula okuphawulekayo kusukela ngo-2017, kathathu ngosayizi ngenani lama-US $ 150 billion ngo-2021. 

Nakuba umbono ubonakala uthembisa izimboni ezithwala impahla nokudiliva, amathuba nawo aletha ubunzima mayelana nokuphathwa kokupakishwa kukadoti. Lokhu kwanda okusheshayo kuhlotshaniswa nokwanda kwemfucumfucu yokupakishwa kwepulasitiki elahlwayo, okunomthelela ekwandiseni izinkinga zemvelo.

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe kwesimo samanje sokupakishwa kwepulasitiki elahlwayo kokuthathwayo, isidingo esibalulekile sezinye izindlela ezisimeme, kanye nokubhekisisa ezinye izindlela ezikhona zokuzishintsha manje.

Okuqukethwe
Ikusasa elifiphele noma eliqhakazile lamaphakeji e-plastic takeaway alahlwayo
Kungani ezinye izindlela zokupakisha ezilahlwayo ze-takeaway zepulasitiki
Okuthatha indawo yamaphakheji alahlwayo e-takeaway 
Okwenziwa yi-plastic-less takeaway

Ikusasa elifiphele noma eliqhakazile lamaphakeji e-plastic takeaway alahlwayo

Ucwaningo lwemakethe oluvela emithonjeni eyahlukene lukhombisa umbono omuhle wokukhula kwemakethe yomhlaba wonke yepulasitiki elahlayo yokupakisha, exhunywe ngokuqinile nokukhula ngokushesha komkhakha wokulethwa kokudla. Imboni yomhlaba wonke yokulethwa kokudla okuku-inthanethi kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngezinga eliqinile lokukhula ngonyaka (I-CAGR) ka-10.06% ukusuka ngo-2024 kuya ku-2028, okulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele kusayizi wemakethe wama-US $ 1.79 trillion ngo-2028, isuka ku-US $ 1.22 trillion ngo-2024.

Ngasikhathi sinye, imakethe yomhlaba wonke yeziqukathi ezithathwayo kulindeleke ukuthi ikhombise eduze lezi zindlela zokulethwa kokudla emhlabeni jikelele kanye nokuthatha. Ngezibikezelo ezikhombisa ukwenyuka kusuka esilinganisweni sango-2023 sama-US $ 104.8 billion kuya US$ 153.2 billion ngo-2033, lo mkhakha uhlelelwe ukukhula okuqhubekayo ku-CAGR ka-4.0% esikhathini esiyiminyaka eyi-10. Ngaleso sikhathi, iziqukathi zepulasitiki kulindeleke ukuthi zigcine ukuhola kwazo kule makethe, okubikezelwe ukuthi zizofaka enye imali eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-US $ 7.6.

Kodwa-ke, naphezu kwalokhu kuqagela okunethemba lomkhakha wokupakisha we-plastic takeaway alahlwayo, ukukhathazeka ngomthelela wemvelo walezi zinto, okuhlanganisa neqiniso lokuthi amapulasitiki awaboli futhi angase athathe amashumi eminyaka ukubola, kubeka ithunzi lokungaboni ngaso linye mayelana nentuthuko yabo yesikhathi esizayo. Izinyathelo ezithathwe ohulumeni emhlabeni wonke ukubhekana nalokhu kukhathazeka ziphinde ziveze ukungaqiniseki okuphathelene nomgudu wokukhula kwayo.

Ngokwesibonelo, emzamweni wakamuva ohlanganyelwe wokuqinisa umthetho wezemvelo, abameleli abavela emazweni angamalungu e-European Union (EU) kanye nabenzi bemithetho bavumelana ngomthethosivivinywa osalungiswa ekuqaleni kuka-March 2024, okuhloswe ngawo ukwehla ngo-5% ekupakishweni kukadoti kuyo yonke i-EU ngo-2030. Lolu hlelo luzoqalwa ngokuhambisana ne- ukuvinjelwa okuphelele kwamapulasitiki asetshenziswa kanye ezindaweni zokudlela eziqala ngawo lowo nyaka, njengengxenye yemizamo ebanzi yokunciphisa udoti wokupakisha kuyo yonke inyunyana.

Ngamafuphi, ikusasa lokupakishwa kwepulasitiki okulahlwayo liphawulwa isibikezelo sokukhula esithembisayo, esihambisana nokwanda kwezinsizakalo zokulethwa kokudla kanye nezinselelo zokusimama kwemvelo. Okwengeza endleleni eyinkimbinkimbi yemboni izenzo zomthetho zesifunda sonke njengemizamo ye-EU yokunqanda amapulasitiki asetshenziswa kanye kanye nokunciphisa udoti opakishwayo, okusibekela ukwanda kwezimakethe ngokukhula kwengcindezi yokulawula kanye nemvelo.

Kungani ezinye izindlela zokupakisha ezilahlwayo ze-takeaway zepulasitiki

Ukuphuthuma esikhundleni sokupakisha izinto ezilahlwayo zepulasitiki kugcizelelwa izici ezimbili ezibalulekile: igalelo elibalulekile ekungcolisweni kwemvelo kanye nokuqinisa izinyathelo zomthetho okuhloswe ngazo ukunqanda ukusetshenziswa kwazo ngenxa yezinkinga zemvelo ezizibangelayo.

Okokuqala, umthelela wemvelo wemfucuza yepulasitiki ujulile futhi ubhalwe kahle. Minyaka yonke, amathani epulasitiki ayisigidi esisodwa kuya kwezimbili angena olwandle, okuthinta impilo yasolwandle kanye nezindawo zemvelo. Izinto ezifana nezikhwama zepulasitiki, amabhodlela, izitsha zokudla, izinto zokusika, amakepisi, nezivalo ziphakathi kwe abanegalelo elikhulu kudoti wepulasitiki yasolwandle isimo esibucayi. Lokhu okutholakele kugcizelela isidingo esibalulekile samasu athuthukisiwe okulawula imfucuza ukuze kuncishiswe ngempumelelo ukungcoliswa kwepulasitiki. 

Ngokuhambisanayo, imizamo yomthetho iyaqina ukubhekana nodaba lokupakishwa kukadoti, okuhlanganisa namapulasitiki. Ayigcini nje ngokubeka ukuvinjelwa kokusetshenziswa kwamapulasitiki okukodwa, i-EU iphinde yazibekela imigomo eshibhile yokutholwa kanye nokugaywa kabusha kwezinto zokupakisha ukuze kuliwe nale nkinga. Ngokusho kwe imithethonqubo ebuyekeziwe, ngonyaka ka-2029, amazwe angaphakathi kobulungu kudingeka ukuthi afinyelele isilinganiso saminyaka yonke sokuhlukaniswa nokuqoqwa okungenani kwama-90% amabhodlela epulasitiki alahlwayo namakani eziphuzo ensimbi. 

Lesi sinyathelo singase sifake izinselele kanye nokukhathazeka embonini, ingasaphathwa eyomphumela ongase ube nezibi uma ezinye izifunda zinquma ukusebenzisa izinyathelo ezifanayo. Amathuba okuthi le mithethonqubo ingase iqiniswe futhi yengeza ubunkimbinkimbi esikhathini esizayo sokupakishwa kwempahla yepulasitiki elahlwayo, naphezu kwedatha yemakethe ethembisayo.

Kafushane, ukufaka esikhundleni sokupakisha okulahlwayo kwepulasitiki kubalulekile ngenxa yomthelela wayo ongemuhle kwezemvelo kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sokulawula okuhloswe ngaso ukunciphisa ukuthembela kumapulasitiki asetshenziswa kanye. Ukubhekana nalolu daba kudinga izindlela ezithuthukisiwe zokulawulwa kwemfucuza, ukugqugquzelwa kokugaywa kabusha, nokwamukelwa kwezinyathelo zomthetho ezigxile ekusimameni nasekuvikeleni imvelo. Imizamo enjalo ibalulekile ekulondolozeni imvelo nasekuvikeleni iplanethi enempilo ukuze izizukulwane ezizayo ziphile.

Okuthatha indawo yamaphakheji alahlwayo e-takeaway 

Ukuhlelwa kwezinhlobo ezintathu zezixazululo zokupakisha lapha kukhushulwa ngokuya ngobuciko kanye nobunzima obungaba khona bokusebenzisa. 

Ukupakisha okugaywe kabusha kalula

Ukupakishwa okusebenziseka kabusha kakhulu kunezici ezimbalwa ezifanayo: enziwe ngezinto ezisetshenziswayo eyodwa futhi angahlelwa kalula ezindaweni zokugaywa kabusha. Ngalo mqondo, benza ezinye izindlela ezinhle zokupakisha izinto zepulasitiki ezilahlwayo ngenxa yobungane bazo bemvelo nokusebenza kahle kwenqubo yokugaywa kabusha.

Phakathi kwawo wonke amaphakheji angagaywa kabusha, lawo asetshenziswa kakhulu yi-takeaway noma imisebenzi yokulethwa kokudla akukhona okunye ngaphandle kwamaphakheji asekelwe ephepheni, afana amabhokisi okudla amakhadibhodi, izikhwama zamaphepha, Futhi Kraft iphepha amabhokisi okudla. Eqinisweni, lezi sezivele ziyizintandokazi zamaphakheji e-takeaway ku iphakethe lokudla okusheshayoing imboni.

Ukubeka eceleni ukucatshangelwa kwemvelo, ukupakishwa okusekelwe ephepheni empeleni kunikeza izinzuzo ezicacile zokudla okuthengiswayo kanye nezinsizakalo zokulethwa. Imvelo yayo engasindi futhi elahleka kalula iyenza ibe inketho efanelekile yokudla ohambeni, ithuthukisa isici esilungele abathengi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukupakishwa kwephepha kuhamba phambili ekulawuleni umswakama kanye namafutha avela ekudleni okushisayo, isici esizuzisa kakhulu ekugcineni ikhwalithi yokudla ngesikhathi sokuthutha.

Izitsha ze-Aluminium ukudla kanye izitsha zengilazi zeziphuzo ezinye izinketho ezimbili ezisebenziseka kalula eziletha izinzuzo ezihlukile embonini yokudla okuthengiswayo kanye nokulethwa. Iziqukathi ze-aluminium zigqama ngenxa yokuqina kwazo kanye nezindawo ezishisayo ezishisayo, eziqinisekisa ukuthi ukudla kuhlala kushisa futhi kukusha ngesikhathi sokuthutha. 

Ngokulinganayo, imvelo yazo engasindi kanye nokumelana nokuvuza nokuchitheka kwazo kuzenza zibe ukukhetha okusebenzayo kukho kokubili izitolo zokudla kanye namakhasimende. Iziqukathi zengilazi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zinikeza ukucaca kanye nokugcinwa kwekhwalithi yeziphuzo, okuthuthukisa umuzwa wokuphuza womthengi ngokugcina ukunambitheka kwasekuqaleni nezinga lokushisa. Zombili izinto ezisetshenziswayo zisebenziseka kabusha kakhulu, zinomthelela emnothweni oyindilinga, futhi ukuqina kwazo kuvumela ukuthuthwa okuphephile kokudla neziphuzo.

Ukupakishwa kwe-Eco-advantage 

Ukupakishwa kwe-Eco-advantage kuhilela izinto eziklanywe ngokucophelela ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela wendawo, nakuba kungase kudinge ukujwayelana nezinqubo zabathengi nezebhizinisi. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa i-biodegradable takeaway package or amaphakheji okudla okuvundile njenge ukusika ngokhuni kanye nezitsha zokhuni.

Nakuba amagama athi “biodegradable” nelithi “compostable” womabili ahlobene nokuwohloka kwempahla, adlulisa imiqondo ehlukile kumongo wokuphathwa kwemvelo kanye nodoti. Okubaluleke kakhulu, nakuba zonke izinto ezivundisiwe zibola, akuzona zonke izinto ezibolayo ezihlangabezana nemibandela eqinile okufanele ithathwe njengevundisiwe. Ukupakishwa kwe-Biodegradable kuqukethe izinto ezingabola ngokwemvelo ngokwenza ama-microorganisms (amabhaktheriya, isikhunta) zibe emanzini, i-carbon dioxide, kanye ne-biomass ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ubude nezimo zale nqubo yemvelo, nokho, zingahluka kakhulu.

Ngokuphambene, izinto zokupakisha ezivundisiwe ziyingxenye ethile yezinto ezibolayo eziphilayo eziphuka ngaphansi kwezimo eziqondile zokwenza umquba. Lokhu kufaka phakathi indawo elawulwayo enezidingo eziqondile zokushisa ukuze kube lula inqubo yokubola. Ngokucacile, ukupakishwa okuvundisiwe kubhekise ezintweni ezigunyazwe ukuthi zizobola ezinhlelweni zokuvundisa ngaphandle kokushiya izinsalela ezinobuthi futhi ngenani eliqhathaniseka nezinye izinto ezivundisiwe, njengezinsalela zokudla kanye nemfucumfucu yasegcekeni. AmaZinga njenge-ASTM D6400 e-United States kanye ne-EN 13432 e-Europe ibeka izidingo ezithile zemikhiqizo okumele ibhalwe ukuthi iyavuthwa, igxile ekuhlakazweni phakathi kwesikhathi esinqunyiwe kanye nokugwema izinsimbi ezisindayo.

Ukwamukela ukupakishwa kwe-eco-advantage, ikakhulukazi izinketho ezivundile ezenziwe ngazo amapulasitiki asekelwe ezitshalweni njenge-Polylactic Acid (PLA), etholakala emithonjeni efana ne-cornstarch nesitashi samazambane, noma i-Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalate (PBAT), evamise ukuhlanganiswa ne-PLA ukuze kube nokuguquguquka okuthuthukisiwe ezikhwameni ezivundisiwe namafilimu, isho isinyathelo esibalulekile ekusetshenzisweni okuzinzile. Ngokukhetha lezi zindlela ezihlukile zokuqaphela imvelo, kokubili amabhizinisi nabathengi badlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuthazeni indawo esimeme futhi enokumosha kancane.

Ukupakisha okusha okuluhlaza

Ukupakishwa okusha okusimeme lapha kubhekise kulabo abasebenzisa izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezinoveli, okungenzeka ukuthi zisavela emakethe, ezimele izinga elithuthukile lokuqamba kanye nezinselelo ezingaba khona ekuthathweni kwazo. Lolu hlobo lokupakisha okuluhlaza luhlanganisa izinto ezisekelwe ezitshalweni kuphela ezifana notshani lukakolweni, uqalo, amaqabunga esundu, kanye ne-bagasse (i-sugarcane fiber), engasetshenziswa ngokucutshungulwa okuncane noma okucishe kungabi khona ukuze kwakhiwe izixazululo eziqinile zokupakisha. 

Isibonelo, i-bagasse ingabunjwa ngokuqondile ibe iziqukathi ezihlukahlukene, isebenzise ukwakheka kwayo kwemvelo okune-fibrous ngaphandle kwezithasiselo zokwenziwa. Ngokufanayo, ukuhlukahluka kwe-bamboo kuyayivumela ukuthi icutshungulwe ibe yizitsha nezitsha, futhi amaqabunga esundu angalolongwa abe amapuleti nezitsha ezilahlwayo ngaphandle kokufaka amapulasitiki, konke kufaka ingqikithi yokupakishwa okuhlanzekile okusekelwe ezitshalweni.

Ukupakishwa okusekelwe ku-algal, okuhlanganisa nezimila zasolwandle, ihamba phezu komugqa phakathi kwezinto ezisekelwe esitshalweni kanye ne-bioplastic. Ngenkathi amafilimu ezimila zasolwandle, avame ukusetshenziswa njengokusonga okudliwayo noma okokunamathela ngokuvamile ahilela ukucubungula okuncane, ukuwaqondanisa eduze nezinto ezisuselwe ezitshalweni ezihlanzekile, iningi lezixazululo zokupakishwa kwezimila zasolwandle zicutshungulwa kakhulu zibe yi-bioplastics. Lokhu kucubungula kungase kuhlanganise ukuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali ukuze kuzuzwe izici ezifiselekayo ezifana nokuqina nokumelana nomswakama, okuwuhlukanisa nokupakishwa okusekelwe esitshalweni ngenxa yokwakheka nokucutshungulwa okuhilelekile.

Izinzuzo zokupakishwa okusekelwe ezitshalweni zasolwandle zidlulela ngale kokusebenza kwayo, njengomswakama nokumelana nokushisa okulungele inhlobonhlobo yemikhiqizo yokudla. Njengomthombo ovuselelekayo, i-seaweed biodegrades ngokushesha kakhulu kunepulasitiki evamile, inciphisa umthelela wesikhathi eside wemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imboni yezimila zasolwandle ithuthukisa imiphakathi yasogwini ngokunikeza imisebenzi esimeme futhi ikhuthaze ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo yasolwandle, ikwenze kube inketho esebenzayo kukho kokubili inqubekelaphambili yezemvelo nezomnotho.

Ukupakishwa kwamakhowe (isikhunta)., noma ukupakishwa kwe-mycelium, kusebenza njengobunye umngcele kuzixazululo zokupakisha ezisimeme. Le nto emisha ikhuliswa isuka ku-fungal mycelium kanye nemikhiqizo yezolimo, idala enye indlela evundile engabunjwa ibe yizinhlobo nosayizi abahlukahlukene, inikeze isivikelo esihle kakhulu semikhiqizo ngesikhathi sokuthunyelwa. Ngemuva kokusetshenziswa, ingakwazi ukubola ngokwemvelo, ikwenze kokubili ukupakishwa okunganciphisa ukunyathela kwemvelo kanye nensiza enkulu evuselelekayo.

Okwenziwa yi-plastic-less takeaway

Isimo sendawo yokupakishwa kwe-takeaway sishintsha ngokushesha, sisuka ekuthembeleni ezintweni ezilahlwayo zepulasitiki. Lolu shintsho luqhutshwa ukwanda kokukhathazeka kwemvelo emhlabeni wonke kanye nokuqaliswa kwemithetho yesifunda eklanyelwe ukunciphisa udoti wepulasitiki. Ukukhula komkhakha wamaphakheji we-takeaway, ngenkathi kuthembisa, manje kuncike ekhonweni lawo lokuzivumelanisa nalezi zinselele ezivelayo kanye nokwamukela ezinye izindlela ezinikeza umthelela ophansi kwezemvelo.

Phakathi kwezindlela ezihamba phambili ekufuneni izixazululo ezisimeme zokupakisha izinto ezingaphinde zigaywe kabusha kakhulu, njengephepha ne-aluminium, kodwa nalezo ngokwemvelo ezinobungani nemvelo, njengezinto ezibolayo nezivundisiwe. Olunye ulwazi olusha lubonakala ekuthuthukisweni kokupakishwa okusekelwe ezitshalweni kanye namakhowe, okwethula indlela yokucabanga phambili yeziqukathi ezithengwayo. Ndawonye, ​​ukuqhubekela phambili kwezinketho ezisimeme ezinjalo kubonisa umlayezo ocacile: isipiliyoni sokuthatha ngaphandle kwepulasitiki singafinyeleleka, njengoba lolu shintsho alumeleli nje ukuguqulwa kwezinto kodwa uguquko olubanzi ezenzweni zemboni kanye nokulindelwe ngabathengi.

Thola ukuthi ukusimama kuyimisa kanjani kabusha imboni yokupakisha ye-takeaway. Vakashela I-Chovm.com Iyafunda ukuthola izixazululo ezintsha kanye nezindaba zakamuva zemboni.