Imakethe Yemishini Yezimboni YaseNdiya: Amathrendi Okudingeka Uwazi

Imakethe yemishini yezimboni yaseNdiya iyakhula, futhi imali etholwayo kulindeleke ukuthi ikhuphuke eminyakeni ezayo. Abahlaziyi banethemba elikhulu ngezimboni zezolimo, zendwangu, nezokupakisha. Lesi sihloko sigqamisa amathrendi anenzuzo kakhulu amabhizinisi okudingeka awazi ukuze abambe futhi athuthukise imakethe.

Okuqukethwe
Isifinyezo semboni yemishini yaseNdiya
Intuthuko enkulu emikhakheni yemishini yezimboni yaseNdiya
Amazwi wokugcina

Isifinyezo semboni yemishini yaseNdiya

• Umkhakha wemishini yezimboni yase-India uhlukile futhi uyathembisa, ngenxa yokusebenzisa izinhlelo ezahlukene zikahulumeni ezivumela ukusungula izimboni zokukhiqiza imishini. 
• Imishini yendwangu yaseNdiya ibamba ingxenye enkulu yemboni yokukhiqiza imishini, kanti i-India iyindawo yesine ngobukhulu emhlabeni engenisa imishini yendwangu.
• Uhulumeni usesungule izindawo zezomnotho ezikhethekile eziyi-15 zomkhakha wemishini kagesi. Amazwe afana ne-Japan, i-France, i-UK, i-USA, ne-Italy nawo atshale imali emishinini kagesi e-India.
• The imishini yokulima umkhakha ngokuyinhloko uhlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kukagandaganda futhi unikela ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yokukhiqizwa komhlaba wonke. Abathengi abakhulu bemishini enjalo yiTurkey neMalaysia.

Intuthuko enkulu emikhakheni yemishini yezimboni yaseNdiya

Intuthuko yakamuva emkhakheni wemishini yokupakisha yaseNdiya

Imakethe yokupakisha yaseNdiya ibiza cishe i-INR Rs 1.4 billion, ngokupakishwa kwabathengi kubalelwa ku-54% wesheya kanye nemfundo ephakeme kanye nenqwaba emaphaketheni ukubala okusele. Imakethe yasekhaya yokupakisha ikhuphukile, ikhombisa izifiso zabathengi besimanje. Njengoba ukupakishwa okusimeme kubanda emhlabeni jikelele, lo mkhuba kulindeleke ukuthi uthuthuke eNdiya. 

Ukuphendula umsebenzi ophezulu wemakethe, abaholi bomhlaba wonke bokuphakisha bangene eNdiya emaphaketheni imaketha ngezinkampani ezingaphansi eziqondile noma ngokutholwa kwe-inorganic. Ngaphandle kokuhlinzeka ngezidingo zendawo, i-India nayo ivela njengomthombo wemikhiqizo yokupakisha esezingeni eliphezulu, esebenza kuwo wonke amafomethi okupakisha, okuhlanganisa insimbi, ingilazi, namabhodi wephepha. 

Mayelana nezicelo zokusetshenziswa ekugcineni, ukupakisha kokudla isebenzisa kakhulu, kulandelwa ukunakekelwa komuntu siqu kanye nokupakishwa kwemithi.

Abakhiqizi basekhaya bokupakisha benze imishini yokupakisha ephezulu efana nokuguqulwa kokupakisha, ukufaka uphawu, Ukugcwalisa, ukuphatha, kanye nemishini yokuhlola. Imishini yalo mkhakha yokupakisha yokugcwalisa okuzenzakalelayo, ukuvala, izikhwama ezizimele, kanye namashubhu aminated ikhula kakhulu.  

Izinkampani eziphezulu zemikhiqizo ye-FMCG zenza amasu okuhlukanisa izinsizakalo zabo ngokuncintisana okukhulu kwezindawo zeshalofu. Bafuna izixazululo zokupakisha ezisezingeni eliphezulu production amakhono kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokusebenza. 

Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zemishini, ifomu lokugcwalisa uphawu liwumshini wokupakisha owaziwa kakhulu, onabadlali basekhaya abakwazi ukwenza imishini ye-FFS yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene. Ukwengeza, ukuthuthuka ekufakweni okuguquguqukayo, njengokuvalayo izikhwama kanye nezikhwama ezizimele zodwa, zivule indlela yeminye imishini yokupakisha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amafemu amaningi e-FMCG ayafuna ezishintshayo, imishini eyenziwe ngokwezifiso, nemigqa enesivinini esikhulu.

Kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, ukuhwebelana emkhakheni wemishini yokupakisha kunyukile, njengoba kubalwa izinto ezithengwayo ezivela kwamanye amazwe 18-20% yemakethe yemishini yokupakisha. Izingxenye ezibalulekile zokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe zifaka amadivaysi okupakisha asebenzayo okugoqa nokugcwalisa, imishini ye-cartoning, ukuvala inzalo, nemishini yokufaka izikhwama. 

Imboni yemishini yendwangu eNdiya

Indwangu yamaNdiya imishini imboni iyakhula ngokuhambisana nezimakethe zezimpahla zezwe ezithuthukayo. Kukhona uguquko olusuka ekukhiqizeni okujwayelekile okudinga abasebenzi abaningi luye emkhakheni othuthuke kakhulu futhi onezimboni. Futhi njengoba imboni yendwangu ikhula ezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe nezasekhaya, imakethe yemishini yendwangu ibikezelwa ukuthi izokhula kakhulu.

UmNdiya yendwangu imakethe yemishini yafakaza a 10% ukukhula ngo-2014, ngokusho kukasihlalo wemibukiso yemishini yendwangu yamazwe ngamazwe (ITME), okubonisa ikusasa elithembisayo. Njengoba imboni yemishini yendwangu ifinyelela izilinganiso zayo ze-INR Rs 35,000 crore ngo-2021, imakethe isendleleni ngokubikezela. 

Ukusabela empumelelweni ekhulayo, uhulumeni waseNdiya uqoke izindwangu imishini umkhakha njengenye yezimboni ezibaluleke kakhulu zokukhiqiza imishini, ethembisa usizo olwengeziwe esikhathini esizayo.

I-India ingumkhiqizi wezindwangu ohamba phambili emhlabeni, onenani lemboni yendwangu USD $ 223 ibhiliyoni ngo-2021. Imakethe yasekhaya yezimpahla zendwangu ibibiza u-USD $154 billion ngo-2020, ikhula ngenani elikhulu. 12% I-CAGR engaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu. Lokhu kukhula kulindeleke ukuthi kukhulise izindwangu zaseNdiya imishini imboni nakakhulu.

Eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo, ingxenye yemishini yokuphotha kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule kakhulu, okungabalelwa ekwandeni kwezwe. ukuphotha imboni. 

Isidingo esikhulu sokuthekelisa ukotini, kuhlanganiswe nobuchwepheshe intuthuko emishinini yokuphotha, izosiza i-India ekugcineni isidingo esikhulu semishini yokuphotha eminyakeni ezayo.

Umkhakha wemishini yokwakha yaseNdiya

Ingxenye yemishini yokwakha yaseNdiya ibilinganiselwa ku-USD $6.66 billion ngo-2021 futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ku-CAGR ka-8.9% iye ku-$12.4 billion ngo-2029. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokwakha. imishini emakethe yemisebenzi enzima, njengokumba, ukuphakamisa, nokuphatha impahla. Le makethe iqhutshwa izinto ezimbalwa, ezifaka ubudlelwano bezohwebo, indawo yokuhlala, yezimboni, kanye nobudlelwano phakathi komphakathi nezizimele.

Esinye isici esibangela ukukhula ekwakhiweni imishini umkhakha ukwanda kwesidingo esivela kwamanye amazwe semishini enjalo. Isibonelo, ngoMashi 2021, umongameli wase-US wamemezela uhlelo lwengqalasizinda lokubona impahla yokwakha ingena evela eNdiya. 

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMnyango Wezohwebo kuHulumeni waseNdiya wethule izinhlelo ezimbalwa zokukhuthaza ukwakhiwa okwenziwe eNdiya. imishini phesheya.

Umkhakha Wemishini Yezolimo eNdiya

Ezolimo imishini imakethe yayilinganiselwa ku-USD $12.3 bhiliyoni ngo-2022 futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ku-CAGR ka-9.5% iye ku-USD $21.1 billion ngo-2028. Lokhu kukhula kungase kubangelwe izinqubomgomo zikahulumeni ezivumayo, ukugxila ekuthuthukiseni umkhiqizo, kanye nokukhuphuka kwemali engenayo yamapulazi e-India. Amatrakta, ama-trailer, amathuluzi okucwenga, izivuni, izinto zokucubungula izitshalo, nezinto zokufafaza yizona zinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kulo mkhakha. imishini.

Embonini evamile edinga abasebenzi abaningi, kuye kwakhula ukugcizelela epulazini umshini. Abasebenzi bayasuka emisebenzini ehlobene namapulazi baye kweminye imikhakha ehlangene. Enye into eshayela imishini yasemapulazini isidingo sokukhiqiza ngokushesha ngenxa yokuvinjelwa kwemisebenzi yokulima.

E-Asia-Pacific, i-India iqhamuke njengomkhiqizi ohamba phambili wezolimo imishini, ngenxa yokuthembela kakhulu kwezwe kwezolimo, ukuthambekela okukhulayo ekwamukeleni ubuchwepheshe, kanye nokushintsha kwezibalo zabantu. 

Umkhakha wemishini kagesi waseNdiya

Ngokuhambisana nokukhula kwezimboni nokuthuthukiswa komnotho, umkhakha wemishini kagesi wase-India kulindeleke ukuthi ukhule kakhulu. Ugesi imishini imakethe kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ukusuka USD $ 24 ibhiliyoni ngo-2013 ukuya ku-USD $100 billion ngo-2022. Le makethe iqukethe ikakhulukazi Ukudluliselwa, ukukhiqiza, kanye nemishini yokusabalalisa. 

Lokhu okulandelayo yizilinganiso ezithile zeminyaka ezayo:

• Imakethe yokudlulisela kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ku-CAGR ka-6.7%
• Imakethe yemishini yokukhiqiza kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ku-CAGR ye-12.7%

Imakethe ibone ukwanda kwemishini kagesi ethunyelwa ngaphandle, kusuka I-USD 3.4 ibhiliyoni ku-FY12 kuya ku-$3.9 billion ku-FY14. Ama-boilers babalelwa ku-16% wale mali engenayo, kuyilapho amakhebuli kanye imigqa yokudlulisela ibalwa ku-15% no-12%, ngokulandelana.

Esinye sezizathu zokukhula okukhulu kwalo mkhakha ukuthi uHulumeni wase-India uye wayikhipha ilayisensi imboni yemishini kagesi futhi wavumela ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqondile kwamanye amazwe ukuthi kungene. Ukusebenzisana kwamanye amazwe, ukuxhaswa ngezimali kwempahla, imishini ukuhlinzeka, kanye nezinsizakalo zezobuchwepheshe nezobunjiniyela zandise imakethe. 

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo ezifana ne-'Make in India' zivula amathuba amasha okusungula izimboni ezikhiqizayo emakethe.

Izindawo zezimboni eNdiya

Mumbai-Aurangabad: I-Mumbai inhloko-dolobha yezezimali nezohwebo yase-India, ibalwa ku-5% we-GDP (GDP) yezwe. I-Jawaharlal Nehru Port (JNPT) iyichweba elikhulu kunawo wonke ezweni, iphethe u-40% wazo zonke izimoto zamabhokisi. Lesi sifunda sinezimboni ezahlukahlukene, ezihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bolwazi, ezemithi, nezokukhiqiza.

ukubeka: Lesi sifunda siyinhloko-dolobha yokukhiqiza i-IT, ebalwa cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezinhlanu zokutshalwa kwezimali kwezimboni zezwe. Lesi sifunda sinezimboni ezahlukahlukene, okubandakanya ezobunjiniyela, izimoto, kanye nezabathengi. Futhi baziwa kakhulu ngokugxila kwabo okumangalisayo kwezinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe.

I-Gurugram-Bhiwado-Neemrana Corridor: IGurugram iyikhaya lezimboni ezimbalwa zezimoto zaseNdiya futhi inomhubhe ozinikele wokukhiqiza imishini yezimoto. Baphinde bafake izimboni ezihlukahlukene ze-FMCG, ingilazi, kanye ne-ceramic.

Ngamafuphi

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, imboni yemishini yezimboni yaseNdiya ibonise amandla ayo okuhlangabezana nezidingo zezimakethe zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe. Umkhakha wemishini wenza umgogodla wemboni yokukhiqiza ngokuhlinzeka ngayo yonke impahla yokukhiqiza edingekayo. Izimboni ezincane, eziphakathi nezinkulu zonke zisebenzisa le mishini. Vakashela Chovm.com ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nemishini yakamuva yezimboni kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukene zamamodeli atholakalayo namuhla.