Ama-Industrial Hubs: Inhliziyo Eshayayo Yokukhula Kwebhizinisi

Umsebenzi esiwenzayo uba ngokhethekile njengoba usuku ngalunye ludlula. Amazwe nawo adinga ukugxila, futhi atshala imali eningi ekuthuthukiseni imikhakha ethile ukuze ahlale encintisana emakethe yomhlaba. Lokhu kudala ukwanda kokwakhiwa kwamahabhu ezimboni akhethekile. Lezi hubs zandisa ukukhiqiza, gcina izindleko ziphansi, vumela amabhizinisi amancane ukuqalisa, futhi ingadlala indima ebalulekile ekwehliseni umthelela wemvelo wokukhiqiza.

Amahabhu wezimboni angasiza ibhizinisi lakho futhi. Imikhiqizo yokuhlwaya kusuka kuma-industrial hubs kungagcina amanani akho ephansi ngenkathi uzinzisa uchungechunge lwakho lokuhlinzeka. Ake sibheke ukuthi kanjani.

Iyini ihabhu yezimboni yomhlaba wonke?

Izizinda zezimboni ziyizifunda ezigxile ekukhiqizeni kwazo endaweni ethile. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezindawo zezimboni, okuhlanganisa ama-incubator amancane okuqalisa, amapaki ezobuchwepheshe, izifunda zezimboni, izindawo ezikhethekile zomnotho (ama-SEZ), kanye nezindawo zokucubungula kwamanye amazwe. Izifunda zezimboni ezinkulu kanye nama-SEZ angaba nengqalasizinda enkudlwana edidiyelwe ukusekela ukukhiqiza nokuhweba, kusukela ezikhumulweni zemikhumbi nezikhumulo zezindiza kuya ezindaweni zokuhluza izinsiza kanye nezindawo zokugawula udoti.

"Kunezindawo zezimboni ezibalelwa ku-6,000 ezisabalele emazweni angama-147, ezigxile kakhulu kwezomnotho osafufusa nasathuthuka, ikakhulukazi e-Asia." (Umthombo: Izizinda Zezimboni Nokuthuthukiswa Komnotho: Isingeniso)

Usayizi wehabhu ungasukela emaqenjini amancane amabhizinisi kwezobuchwepheshe noma amapaki ezimboni, kuze kufike emadolobheni nasezifundazweni. I-Silicon Valley cishe iyisizinda sezimboni esaziwa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke sokusungula izinto zobuchwepheshe, kodwa izindawo zezimboni zibuyela emuva ngeminyaka yawo-1950s lapho uDetroit ebambe iqhaza ekukhiqizeni izimoto eyitholela isihloko esithi “Motor City.”

Kungani izikhungo zezimboni zibalulekile ekukhiqizeni?

Amahabhu wezimboni afika nesethi ehlukile yezinzuzo zazo zombili izinkampani nabasebenzi emapaki ezimboni, kanye nezinkampani nabathengi abathenga imikhiqizo edalwe kulawa mahubhu. Ake sibheke izindlela ezi-5 izikhungo zezimboni ezithuthukisa ngazo izinqubo zokukhiqiza futhi zikhuthaze ukuqamba okusha.

1. Ama-Industrial hubs adiliza izithiyo zokusungula izinto ezintsha

Amahabhu wezimboni angokwemvelo. Ngokuba nengxenye enkulu yabantu abaqashwe endaweni ethile emkhakheni ofanayo, maningi amathuba okuthi imibono nolwazi lusakazwe phakathi kwamabhizinisi ahlukene. Lokhu kwabelana ngolwazi kusiza ukukhuthaza ukuqanjwa kabusha futhi kugcina amabhizinisi enza lokho okuyisidingo ngempela.

2. Izizinda zezimboni zikhuthaza ukuncintisana

Amabhizinisi awatshali imali ekuthuthukiseni imikhiqizo noma amasevisi awo uma kungadingeki, kodwa uma kunabadlali abaningi emakethe, ukuthuthuka kuba yindaba yokusinda. Ukuncintisana kwama-Industrial hubs kuya phezulu. Kulula ngezinkampani ukuthi zingagcini nje ngokubona ukuthi zingaki izimbangi ezikhona, kodwa nokuthi zikhokhisa ini nokuthi zenzani ukuthuthukisa iminikelo yazo. Lolu lwazi lwemakethe lusiza ukukhulisa inani lezinkampani ezinikeza abathengi, abangayisa ibhizinisi labo kwenye indawo kalula.

3. Izizinda zezimboni zizinzisa amaketanga okuhlinzeka

Ngokuvamile, izizinda zezimboni zizogxila ezintweni ezithile ezivamile endaweni. IPakistan, ngokwesibonelo, inemboni enkulu yezolimo kakotini. Ukuba nale nsiza eluhlaza kwavumela ezinye izinkampani ukuthi zengeze inani elikhulu ngokuguqula ukotini ube yindwangu, futhi lezi zindwangu zasiza ukusekela ukukhula kokukhiqizwa kwezingubo. Ikhono lokuphatha lonke uchungechunge lokunikezela ngempahla ngaphakathi kwemingcele yalo linciphisa izindleko zokuthutha, intela yempahla, kanye nenani eliphezulu lokusebenza - okusho ukuthi bangadlulisa lokhu konga ukuze benze imikhiqizo yabo iqhudelane kakhulu. Lolu chungechunge lwempahla oludidiyelwe kakhulu luguqule ngokushesha izwe obekulinywe kakhulu libe ngelihlinzeka ngezimpahla zokugqoka ezinenani eliphezulu emhlabeni wonke ngamanani ancintisana ngempela.

4. Ama-Industrial hubs akhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kobuchwepheshe obuphezulu

Njengoba izinkampani zihlangana ndawonye ezindaweni zezimboni futhi zigxile emizamweni yazo emikhakheni efanayo, imakethe yasendaweni ngokuvamile iba ngobuchwepheshe kakhulu njengoba ikhula. Njengoba izinkampani zihlangana ndawonye, ​​izimakethe ezintsha ziqala ukuvela futhi zithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwezinqubo zazo zokukhiqiza. Izinkampani ezintsha ziqala ukuklama nokuthengisa imishini yezimboni, futhi njengoba izimboni zingena, ezinye ziyalandela - zikhulisa amandla azo okudala imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu ngesilinganiso. Izizinda zezimboni emnyombweni wazo “zingama-incubator entuthuko yezimboni, amandla okukhiqiza kanye nobuchwepheshe, kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha” (Umthombo: Izizinda Zezimboni Nokuthuthukiswa Komnotho: Isingeniso).

5. Izizinda zezimboni zisiza ukulwa nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu

Enye yezinzuzo ezikhuthaza kakhulu ezihlinzekwa yizindawo zezimboni yimizamo yazo yokwenza ukukhiqiza kusimeme. Njengoba ngokuvamile zihlelwa kusengaphambili futhi zakhiwe ngokusekelwa uhulumeni, kungase kube nezinga eliphezulu lobuchwepheshe obuvumelana nemvelo nezinto ezisimeme nezinhlelo ezihlanganiswe nengqalasizinda nokuphathwa kwezinsiza kulawa “mapaki emvelo.”

"I-China iye yaphumelela ngokukhethekile ekuthuthukiseni ama-eco-park anjalo, okufakazela ukuthi indawo yemvelo ingancishiswa nakuba ukukhiqiza kuyanda.13 Isibonelo, enye yezindawo zayo ze-heavy-metal industrial park yazuza izinga lokuphinda lisetshenziswe amanzi ngamaphesenti angu-97 ngokusebenzisa i-symbiosis yezimboni. Ucwaningo oluhilela ama-eco-park aseShayina angu-34 lwathola ukuthi ukusebenza kwawo kwemvelo kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-90 phakathi kuka-2007 no-2010, kuyilapho inani lazo lezimboni lenyuka ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-60.” (Umthombo: I-United Nations Development Development Organization)

Ukuthi ukuthola amahabhu wezimboni kungalisiza kanjani ibhizinisi lakho

Uma uhlola amazwe ngamazwe, ukusebenza nezinkampani ezivela ezindaweni zezimboni kungakusiza uthole amadili angcono ngemikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu. Abahlinzeki abavela kulezi zindawo bavame ukuba nezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezengeziwe zobuchwepheshe ezingabasiza ukuthi balinganise umkhiqizo wabo ngendlela enokwethenjelwa ukuze bahlangabezane nesidingo sakho ngaphandle kokudela ikhwalithi ohlelweni. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukuhlola ukuthi abahlinzeki ofuna ukusebenza nabo basekelwe yini endaweni yezimboni.

I-Chovm.com ihlale igqamisa izinzuzo zalezi zindawo zezimboni ezigxiliwe ngokuhlanganisa imikhiqizo nxazonke amakhono esifunda futhi izindawo zezimboni zomhlaba wonke.

Bheka okukhethekile kwesifunda lapho uthenga e-China

Izingcweti zesifunda ziqoqa imikhiqizo evela emadolobheni athile noma izifundazwe ezithile zase-China ezihamba phambili ekukhiqizeni uhlobo oluthile lomkhiqizo. Izipho zikaKhisimusi azenziwa eNorth Pole: “kufika kumaphesenti angama-80 ayo yonke imikhiqizo kaKhisimusi emhlabeni yenziwa eShayina, futhi cishe amaphesenti angama-80 ayo akhiqizwa e-Yiwu” (Umthombo: Izindaba zeXinhua).

Kodwa uma ufuna ngempela ukuqonda umthelela obalulekile amahabhu ezimboni angaba nawo, ungabheki kude kunehabhu yemboni yezogesi ewukhiye yase-China, i-Shenzhen. Bekuyikhaya labantu abangaphansi kuka-50,000 eminyakeni engama-50 edlule, kodwa manje isinezakhamuzi ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-12.5 futhi yakhiqiza ugesi we-CN ¥2.7 trillion yuan ngo-2020 kuphela (Umthombo: I-SCIO). Manje, ngaphezu kuka-90% wawo wonke ama-electronics azofaka izingxenye ezitholakala e-Shenzhen (Umthombo: Wendover Productions).

Ukushintshanisa amaketango okunikezwayo anezindawo zezimboni zomhlaba wonke

Iningi lemikhiqizo ku-Chovm.com livela e-China, kodwa abantu abaningi abazi ukuthi sinabahlinzeki abasekelwe emhlabeni wonke. Abaningi bahola amabhizinisi ezindaweni ezikhethekile zezimboni futhi banezinzuzo eziqinile okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho kuthengwa. Noma ngabe ukuthola izingubo ezithengekayo ezenziwe eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, imimese yensimbi egoqiwe eyenziwe ngokwesiko evela e-Japan, amawayini amahle avela ezivinini zase-Southern France, noma izingxenye zezimoto nezinsiza ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezivela e-Germany, izinketho ezivela kumahabhu wezimboni zomhlaba jikelele ku-Chovm.com zikunikeza izwe lezinketho ongakhetha kuzo.

Siqoqa imikhiqizo efanayo evela ezindaweni zezimboni zomhlaba wonke ukuze kube lula ukubona ukuthi yimiphi imikhiqizo evela kuleyo ndawo. Uma ufuna ukuthola imikhiqizo evela endaweni ethile noma umthombo wendawo ukuze ugweme ukukhokha intela, lena indlela enhle yokubona ukuthi izwe elithile lingakunikezani.