Amathrendi Okusha Emishinini Yokugcwalisa

I-Piling inqubo yobunjiniyela yokushayela noma yokumba izakhiwo eziqondile zijule phansi ukuze zisekele ukwakhiwa ngaphezu komhlaba. I-Piling isetshenziswe izinkulungwane zeminyaka futhi iyadingeka ukunikeza amandla nokuzinza ukuthwala imithwalo esindayo yezakhiwo, amabhuloho kanye neminye imisebenzi emikhulu yokwakha. Ukubopha kuyadingeka ikakhulukazi ukulungisa umhlabathi lapho inhlabathi engaphansi ibuthakathaka noma igcwele amanzi, kanye nokwakhiwa okude okufana namabhilidi. Nokho, ukunqwabelanisa kuyinqubo enomsindo futhi ehlaselayo. Lesi sihloko sibheka izitayela zamanje zobuchwepheshe bokunqwabelanisa nokuthi zizothuthukisa kanjani ukwakhiwa.

Okuqukethwe
Imakethe ekhulayo yokwakha kanye nenqwaba
Umkhuba wokunqwabelanisa imvelo kakhudlwana
Ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukuthuthukisa ukunqwabelanisa okuhlakaniphile
Ukwamukela izindlela ezintsha zokuqoqa
Imicabango yokugcina

Imakethe ekhulayo yokwakha kanye nenqwaba

Imakethe yezokwakha yomhlaba wonke ilinganiselwa ukuthi izokhula isuka enanini le US$10.7 trillion ngo-2020 kuya US$15.2 trillion ngo-2030, cishe u-58% walokho ovela ezimakethe ezisafufusa, ikakhulukazi e-US, China, India nase-Indonesia. Ngokusekela lokhu, imakethe yomshini wokwakha inqwaba yomhlaba kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esihlanganisiwe (CAGR) sika 3.6% kusukela ngo-2021 kuya ku-2028, kusukela esilinganisweni sango-2020 se- US $ 5.08 billion. I-Asia Pacific ibiyisifunda esihamba phambili emakethe yemishini yokunqwabelanisa umhlaba wonke kuya ku-2020, nge 49.7% isabelo semakethe ngevolumu, kanye ne-US naseYurophu elandelayo. Ngokukhula okuphezulu kangaka, kunengcindezi ekhulayo ezinkampanini zokwakha ukuthi zihlangabezane namazinga amasha emvelo kanye nokukhulisa ubuchwepheshe ukuze kusebenze kahle kakhulu.

Umkhuba wokunqwabelanisa imvelo kakhudlwana

Noma ubani oke waba neshwa lokuhlala eduze nesiza esikhulu sokwakha uzojwayelana nokushaya kancane kwemishini yokunqwabelanisa eseduze enqwabelanisa phansi ngawo wonke amahora. Ukunqwabelanisa isando, ukushayela insimbi noma izinqwaba zikakhonkolo emhlabathini, kuhlala kungenye yezindlela ezithandwa kakhulu ezikhethwa abakhi, kodwa akudumile kulabo abahlala eduze nabahlushwa ukushaywa okukhulu okuphindaphindayo.

Ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, ukunqwabelana kwe-hydrostatic kuvame ukusetshenziswa esikhundleni sokunqwabelanisa isando, kusetshenziswa ukudlidliza ukuze kushaye phansi izinqwaba, kodwa ukudlidliza kugcwele futhi kuphazamisa abahlala kanye nabahlali basehhovisi cishe njengokunqwabelanisa isando.

Ukuhluka kuvuliwe ukushayela ngama-precast piles, ukusebenzisa ama-tube piles angenalutho ezigqitshwa emhlabathini. Izinto zangaphakathi ziyakhishwa bese zigcwaliswa ngokhonkolo bese zifakwa endaweni. Izinqwaba eziyisithukuthezi zidala ukudlidliza okuncane kunezinye izindlela, ngakho-ke ngezinye izikhathi zikhethwa ekwakhiweni kwedolobha.

Ngayinye yalezi zindlela ezijwayelekile inomthelela wayo emvelweni noma iphikisana nemithetho yendawo, ngakho abakhiqizi bafuna izixazululo ezivumelana nemvelo, kodwa ezibizayo.

Ukusuka kudizili kuya ku-hydraulic

Abashayeli bezinqwaba kudala besebenzisa udizili, kodwa ukwanda kokukhathazeka ngezingozi zikadizili njengokungcolisa imvelo kuphoqe umnyakazo wokuthi kufakwe udizili esikhundleni. amandla we-hydraulic. Yize lokhu kuwumnyakazo omuhle, uwoyela we-hydraulic uyavuza futhi uthathwa njengokungcolisa.

Ukwengeza kulokho, azikho izando zikadizili noma ezisebenza ngaphansi kwamanzi ezibhekana nomthelela wemvelo emphakathini ozungezile ovela emsindweni wokushaywa ngesando. Amadolobha amaningi anemithetho yokulawula umsindo ukuze anciphise ukuphuma komsindo ezindaweni zokwakha, okuzocindezela izinkampani zokwakha ukuba zisebenzise izinketho ezithule.

Inciphisa ukudlidliza

Ukunciphisa umsindo ovela ekuhlanganisweni kwesando, i-hydrostatic noma ukunqwabelana kwe-vibration ikhethwa ezindaweni zokuhlala nezohwebo. Lokhu kunciphisa izikhalazo zomsindo futhi kwehlisa nokungcoliswa kwezintuli, kodwa bese kwengeza umthelela wemvelo wokudlidliza ngokweqile.

Ekwakhiweni kwasolwandle, lokhu kudlidliza kuthinta impilo yasemanzini, okwenza i-US, i-Europe kanye ne-Australasia ilethe izinyathelo eziqinile zokulawula ukuvikela i-ecosystem yasolwandle. Lokhu kudale a umkhuba kubakhiqizi ukwethula imishini yokunqwabelanisa ngokudlidliza okuphansi.

Ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukuthuthukisa ukunqwabelanisa okuhlakaniphile

Abakhiqizi basebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokushayela inqwaba ezihlakaniphile, ukuletha ukusebenza kahle okukhulu emishinini yabo. Lezi zindlela ezintsha zisebenzisa amasistimu okuqapha athuthukile, I-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT), i-WiFi kanye nokufinyelela okukude kokulawula nokubika, kanye nezinhlelo ze-GPSS zokulandelela. Ezinye zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithuthukisiwe zifaka:

• Izici zokuxhuma ze-WiFi ezihlinzeka ngokuxhumana kwedatha ngokushesha phakathi ko-opharetha nezinto zokusebenza ukwenza izinguquko ngokushesha
• Amasistimu okulawula athuthukile kanye nama-algorithms avumela opharetha ukuthi aqhubeke elawula ukunqwabelanisa, athuthukise amandla esando kanye nezinga lesiteleka lesando ngesikhathi sangempela, ukwehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nokwandisa ukusebenza kahle komshini.
• Ngempendulo yedatha esheshayo, ukudlidliza namaleveli omsindo kungaqashelwa
• Idatha ethuthukisiwe kanye nokubika okuphumelelayo kunikeza ukuqapha ngokuqhubekayo inqubo yokunqwabelanisa ukuthola noma yikuphi ukunyakaza okungazinzile nokuvimbela ukulimala kwemishini
• Ama-biofuels namafutha yizinketho ezisebenziseka kakhulu ukuhlinzeka ngokushisa okuhlanzekile

Ukwamukela izindlela ezintsha zokuqoqa

Ukufaka inqwaba yokucindezela

Ukufaka inqwaba yokucindezela kusebenzisa a indlela yokungena emile lokho okungadali izinkinga ezifanayo zomsindo nokudlidliza njengezindlela zokungena eziguquguqukayo zokubethelwa ngesando noma ukunqwabelanisa kokudlidliza. I-press-in piling iyindlela entsha yokufaka izinqwaba zamashidi ezinobungani bemvelo nephephile kunezinye izindlela.

Imishini yokufaka inqwaba yokucindezela ihlangene futhi ingasebenza endaweni elinganiselwe. Izinqwaba zamashidi afakwe kusetshenziswa amandla okusabela asuka kuzinqwaba ezifakwe ngokugcwele ukuze kukhiqizwe umthwalo omile kanye namandla okucindezela esikhundleni samandla aguquguqukayo. Le ndlela inikeza a Umsindo nokudlidliza indlela yamahhala yokufaka i-piling.

Ukukhishwa kwevacuum (zero trim) ukunqwabelanisa

Indlela entsha yokumba i-vacuum yokunqwabelanisa inciphisa umsindo futhi inikeza indlela ephephile yokunqwabelanisa. Ukunqwabelanisa ukhonkolo okuvamile kunenkinga yokuthi ukhonkolo utheleka kakhulu bese kuthi ukhonkolo oweqile kufanele uphulwe. Lokhu kunezinkinga zempilo nokuphepha kubasebenzi futhi kukhona ukulimala njalo, kanye nokuthatha isikhathi nomzamo ongadingekile. Indlela, ebizwa nangokuthi 'indlela ye-zero trim', ibandakanya ukumunca ukhonkolo owedlulele ngenkathi isemanzi, kusetshenziswa indlela yokukhipha i-vacuum engakaze isetshenziswe ekwakheni ngale ndlela. I-Zero trim isebenzisa ukhonkolo omncane, futhi ukhonkolo okhishiwe usetshenziswa kwenye indawo esizeni njengokugcwalisa, ukonga ezindlekweni nomthelela wemvelo.

Imicabango yokugcina

Isidingo somhlaba wonke sokwakhiwa kwezindawo eziningi zokuhlala kanye nengqalasizinda siphinde sidale isidingo sokunqwabelana okwengeziwe, okunomthelela omubi emvelweni. Imithetho kahulumeni kanye nokukhathazeka okuphelele kwezemvelo kanye nemvelo kucindezela isidingo semishini esebenza kahle kakhulu futhi enobungani nemvelo.

Inselelo yezinkampani zokwakha ukuthi imishini yokunqwabelanisa iqinile futhi ayidingi ukushintshwa njalo, ingathengwa ngesandla sesibili futhi isetshenziselwe impilo yomshini enwetshiwe. Ingabe lezo zinkampani ziyaqhubeka zisebenzisa izindlela ezifanayo, futhi mhlawumbe zithole ukuthuthukiswa kwezinyathelo ezincane kulezo zindlela, njengokushintsha kusuka kudizili kuya ku-hydraulic, bese ziqhubeka nokuphikisana namaqembu emvelo kanye nezikhalazo zendawo.

Kungenjalo ingabe izinkampani zokwakha zizokwenza izinqumo zokutshala izimali ukuze zamukele ubuchwepheshe bokunqwabelanisa obuhlakaniphile, ukuze zinikeze ukulawula okwengeziwe, ukusetshenziswa okungcono kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko futhi zamukeleke ngokwengeziwe ngokwendawo ezungezile? Noma bazokwenza ushintsho olukhulu ukuze bamukele izindlela ezintsha zokunqwabelanisa, ngemishini emisha nezakhiwo zokunqwabelanisa? Lezi yizinketho ezingaphambili zabakhiqizi nezinkampani zokwakha ngokufanayo.