Amathrendi akamuva emakethe ye-Indian Consumer Electronics

Ukukhuphuka kokuqamba okusha emikhiqizweni ye-elekthronikhi yabathengi namandla akhulayo okuthenga abathengi kuqhuba ukukhula kwemakethe engxenyeni yama-elekthronikhi yabathengi baseNdiya. Futhi nakuba imakethe ingase ibe yincane kakhulu njengamanje, inamandla alinganiselwe okukhiqiza, izinto zihamba kahle ngokwethulwa kwezinhlelo ezimbalwa zikahulumeni zokuthuthukisa lo mkhakha. Ngakho-ke funda ukuze uthole izitayela zakamuva namathuba okukhula ngaphakathi kwalo mkhakha.

Okuqukethwe
Imakethe yama-elekthronikhi yabathengi baseNdiya
Isimo somkhakha wezogesi waseNdiya
Imininingwane yomkhiqizo ebalulekile
Isiphetho sendaba

Imakethe yama-elekthronikhi yabathengi baseNdiya

Imakethe yama-elekthronikhi yabathengi baseNdiya ibilinganiselwa ku-USD 71.17 ibhiliyoni ngo-2021 futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngezinga lokukhula lonyaka elihlanganisiwe (CAGR) lika-6.5% phakathi kuka-2022 kuya ku-2030. Ingxenye ye-Indian smart TV ikhule 74% ku-Q2 ka-2022, i-Xiaomi ibalwa ngesabelo semakethe esingu-13%, ilandelwa i-Samsung ngo-12%. Ngokwengeziwe, ingxenye yomshini wokuwasha izitsha kulindeleke ukuthi idlule i-USD 90 million ngo-2026, igqugquzelwa isidingo samadolobha amakhulu njenge-Bangalore, Mumbai, neDelhi.

Ukwanda kungase kudalwe ukukhuphuka kwemali engenayo esetshenziswa umthengi, ukushintsha indlela yokuphila, kanye nokufinyelela okulula kumakhredithi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunyuka kwemali kukahulumeni kanye nezinkampani zokukhiqiza kubangele izinguquko ezinhle embonini. Ukwengeza, i-India ihehe ukutshalwa kwezimali okuningana okuvela kubadlali bomhlaba kubathengi electronics umkhakha.

Isimo somkhakha wezogesi waseNdiya

Imboni yezogesi yaseNdiya

I-India ibhekene nesidingo esikhulu sezinto zikagesi futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngamadijithi aphindwe kabili kulo nyaka. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ukungafani kokuhlinzekwa kwezidingo, okufuna ukuthembela kuma-electronics angenisiwe. Leli phethini kungenzeka liqhubeke ngaphandle uma izinqubomgomo zezimboni zikhuthaza ukusungulwa kwezindawo zokukhiqiza nokusatshalaliswa kwendawo.

Ngaleso sikhathi, eNdiya electronics imakethe ihlukene, inamafemu amakhulu ezizwe ngezizwe kanye nawomdabu ngakolunye uhlangothi namafemu amaningi amancane ngakolunye. Njengeminye imikhakha yokukhiqiza e-India, iningi labakhiqizi bezinto zikagesi bangamayunithi angakahleleki namancane, akhawulela ukukhiqizwa kwenani elikhulu.

Imizamo kahulumeni yokweseka imboni yezogesi

Uhulumeni waseNdiya wethule iMake in India Initiative, ehlinzeka nge-15 kuya 20% Imali yokuthengisa ye CAPEX. Eminyakeni embalwa ezayo, abakhiqizi kulindeleke ukuthi bakhulise iziteshi zabo zokukhiqiza nokusabalalisa. Ngobukhona bezitolo ezihleliwe, imakethe yethule amaketanga okuthengisa esimanje njengeReliance Digital, Tata Croma, kanye ne-E-zone.

Amabhizinisi angama-42 akhethwa ukuthi abambe iqhaza ohlelweni lwe-PLLI (i-production-linked incentives) lwempahla emhlophe ngaphansi kwesinyathelo sikahulumeni, ngokutshalwa kwezimali okuzibophezele kwe-USD. 580.6 izigidi. Umdondoshiya ohamba phambili we-e-commerce wase-India, u-Flipkart, usayine i-MoY noMnyango Wokuthuthukiswa Kwezindawo Zasemakhaya wase-India ukuze unike amandla amabhizinisi endawo futhi uwahlanganise endaweni ye-e-commerce.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhulumeni ukhethe izinkampani eziyi-14 ngaphansi kohlelo lwe-PLI lwehardware ye-IT. Ukwengeza, uhulumeni welule uhlelo lwe-PLI ezimbonini ezinkulu ze-elekthronikhi kuze kube ngu-2026 ukuze kuthuthukiswe umkhakha.

Uhulumeni utshale i-USD 190 bhiliyoni ukuze kukhiqizwe amahedisethi eselula ayibhiliyoni ngo-2025, njengokusho kweNqubomgomo Kazwelonke Yezogesi zika-2019. Isamba esingu-USD 100 billion wama-handsets kulindeleke ukuthi sithunyelwe kwamanye amazwe. Phezu kwalokhu, ukwethulwa kwe ukuhlakanipha okungekhona okwangempela (AI) kulindeleke ukuthi ikhulise umkhakha wezogesi wezimboni waseNdiya.

Izibonelelo zokuthuthukiswa kokukhiqiza ugesi

Izabelo ezimbili ezinkulu zokukhuthaza ukwenziwa kwezinto zikagesi e-India amaqoqo okukhiqiza ama-elekthronikhi (EMCs) kanye nezindawo zezomnotho ezikhethekile (ama-SEZ). Uhulumeni omkhulu waseNdiya wethula uhlelo lwe-EMC ngo-2012 ukusiza izifundazwe ekuthuthukiseni ingqalasizinda. Abakhiqizi bangathola uxhaso luka-50-75% olufika ku-USD 10 wezigidi ngokusetha amasayithi e-brownfield ngaphansi kwalolu hlelo. Uhulumeni uphinde wanikela nge-USD 18.67 izigidigidi kuma-EMC.

Ama-SEZ angochwepheshe electronics ukukhiqiza kungatholakala ezifundeni eziningana ngaphakathi kweNdiya. Lawa ma-SEZ ahlinzeka ngezinzuzo eziningi ezimbonini ezikhiqizayo, okuhlanganisa nekhefu lentela, ukukhululwa enteleni ezimpahleni ezingenisiwe, kanye nokukhululwa enteleni yesevisi. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi lawa ma-SEZ athathwa njengasezindaweni zakwamanye amazwe, kufanele akhokhe intela yempahla ephumayo njalo.

Imininingwane yomkhiqizo ebalulekile

Izabelo ezinkulu zemali engenayo ngo-2021 zaziku- smartphone imboni, eyaba ngaphezulu 30% kukho konke ukuthengisa. Ukwethulwa kwama-smartphones alungele isabelomali, ukukhula kwemali engenayo etholakalayo, kanye nokwanda kwenani lokwethulwa komkhiqizo emakethe konke kube nomthelela ekukhuleni.

Ukwengeza, isidingo sokuxhuma idatha ngesivinini esiphezulu sezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-IoT njengamadivayisi ahlakaniphile kulindeleke ukuthi sisheshise ukwamukelwa kwama-smartphones e-5G.

Ingxenye yesiqandisi kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngokushesha phakathi kuka-2022 no-2030, futhi lokhu kungenxa yokukhula ngokushesha kwamadolobha kanye nokwenyuka kwemali engenayo etholakalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngeziqandisi ezithuthukisiwe emakethe, abathengi baseNdiya bashintsha amamodeli amadala ngesimanje, ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhizinisi amaningi asebenzisa amasu okuncintisana afana nokusebenzisana nezikhungo zezezimali ukuze zinikeze izixazululo ezilula zezimali zokuthengisa imikhiqizo.

Imakethe yethelevishini eyisicaba (LED, HD, LCD) ibilinganiselwa ku-USD 9.05 billion ngo-2018 futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ku-CAGR ka-9.25% ukuze ifinyelele ku-USD 16.24 billion ngo-2024. TV imakethe ibone ukukhula kwe-YoY ngo-65% ngo-2021. NgokoMnyango Wezohwebo Lwangaphakathi, izimpahla zikagesi ezibiza u-USD 1.34 bhiliyoni zathunyelwa ngaphandle ngoMeyi 2022.

Ngosizo lokulawula oluvela kuhulumeni, imboni yeziqandisi zaseNdiya ikhula ngokushesha futhi njalo yethula imikhiqizo emisha. Ukuze kukhuliswe isabelo semakethe, futhi basebenzisa amanani okuncintisana. Ukukhula kokungena kwamafriji emikhakheni yasemaphandleni kuyisimo esibalulekile sembonini.

Abadlali bemakethe

UmNdiya umthengi electronics market kuhlanganisa kokubili ababambiqhaza besifunda nabamazwe ngamazwe. Abadlali abaphambili batshala imali eningi ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni ukuze bandise isabelo sabo semakethe. I-Panasonic Corporation, inkampani yezobuchwepheshe ehamba phambili e-India, imemezele ukwengezwa kwamamodeli amasha eziqandisi angama-43 kanye namamodeli emishini yokuwasha engama-24 ohlelweni lwayo lwempahla yasendlini ngo-Okthoba 2021.

UToshiba uvule isitolo esisha sebhizinisi lezinto zikagesi zasekhaya e-Bangalore, enikeza inqwaba yempahla yasendlini njenge izinto zokuhlanza amanzi, imishini yokugeza izitsha, imishini yokuwasha, nezinto zokuhlanza umoya, phakathi kokunye. Ngokufanayo, u-Bespoke ukhiphe umnyango wokuqala wesiFulentshi isiqandisi nezinye izinto zikagesi edokodweni le-CES le-Samsung ngo-2022.

Abanye babadlali abahamba phambili emakethe yaseNdiya bahlanganisa i-LG Electronics, i-Sony, i-Panasonic Corporation, i-Haier Electronics Group, i-Bajaj Electricals, i-Whirlpool Corporation, i-Samsung Electronics, i-Hitachi, i-Vijay Sales, i-Godrej Appliances, ne-Toshiba Corporation.

Ukutshalwa kwezimali yizidlakela zezitolo

I-Apple njengamanje ixoxisana ne-India mayelana nokusungula iyunithi yokukhiqiza kanye nokwandisa umkhiqizo eNdiya. Baphinde badingide ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukukhiqiza izimpahla ezizothunyelwa ngaphandle. Ngokufanayo, i-juggernaut kagesi i-V-Guard Industries isimemezele izinhlelo zokuvula izimboni ezintsha zokukhiqiza ngonyaka ozayo. Bahlela nokuvula amanye amafekthri amane i-Hyderabad, i-Vapi ne-Uttrakhand.

I-Lenovo, phakathi kwezinye izikhungo ezinamandla zobuchwepheshe, imemezele izinhlelo zokwandisa amandla ayo okukhiqiza eNdiya ezigabeni eziningi zemikhiqizo, okuhlanganisa Smartphones, amakhompyutha, namakhompyutha aphathekayo, ukuhlangabezana nesidingo esikhulayo sabathengi. I-TCL Group iphinde ihlose ukutshala i-USD 219 million ekusunguleni izimboni zokukhiqiza ama-TV nezandla.

Nakuba izinkampani eziningi zamazwe ngamazwe zisungula izimboni zazo zokukhiqiza, ezinye zinkontileka nabakhiqizi basekhaya baseNdiya, kuyilapho amafemu amaningi omhlaba enweba ubukhona bawo ngokwenza ubudlelwano nezinkampani zakuleli. Lezi zinkampani zethula i-FDI kanye nobuchwepheshe ezweni, okwenza kube nezinhlelo ezinhle zokukhula komnotho.

Isiphetho sendaba

Uma uhulumeni eqhubeka nokweseka lo mkhakha, i-India ingase ivele njengendawo engase ibe yisizinda sokukhiqiza. Umkhakha wokukhiqiza uzozuza ezinzuzweni ezifana nezindleko eziphansi zokuboleka, intela ephansi yentela yempahla ethengiswayo ezintweni ezingavuthiwe, kanye nemihlomulo yokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, phakathi kokunye.