IYunivesithi yaseCornell Ithi Ukukhiqiza Kabusha I-Silicon PV Manufacturing e-US Ukuholela Ekukhishweni Kwekhabhoni Ngokushesha Ngokuxazulula Izinselelo Zokusebenza kanye Nokunciphisa Izinkinga Ze-GHG

• I-US ingafinyelela izinjongo zayo ze-decarbonization ngokushesha uma i-c-Si solar supply chain isendaweni ngokuphelele, ngokocwaningo lwe-Cornell Engineering.
• Ngo-2030, ukukhishwa kwe-GHG kungase kwehle ngama-30% ngonyaka wezi-2020 futhi ngo-2050 kuzobe kwehle ngo-33%.
• Uchungechunge lokukhiqiza lwe-c-Si oluvulwe kabusha ngokuphelele e-US luzosiza imakethe ukunciphisa izinselele ezihlobene nokuphazamiseka kokukhiqiza, ukuncintisana nesidingo esivela kwezinye izimboni noma amazwe.

Uma ukukhiqizwa kwamaphaneli elanga kungabuyela ngokugcwele e-US ngo-2035, ukukhishwa kwe-GHG okuholelayo kungehla ngo-30% futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuzokwehla ngo-13% ngo-2020, ngokwe-Cornell University, engasiza izwe ukuthi lifinyelele izinjongo zalo zokuqeda ikhabhoni ngokushesha futhi linciphise nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ngokushesha futhi.

Okunye futhi uma okuhlosiwe kokukhiqizwa olwandle kufinyelelwa ngo-2050, ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nemithelela yamandla kungenzeka yehle ngo-33% no-17%, ngokulandelanayo uma kuqhathaniswa no-2020.

Ukukhiqiza amaphaneli e-PV e-crystalline crystalline silicon (c-Si) ezweni azobhekana nezinselele zokuthutha futhi kwehlise ukukhishwa kwe-GHG, ngokusho kocwaningo lwe-Cornell Engineering. Ukukhiqiza kabusha I-Silicon Photovoltaics Manufacturing Kunikela Ekuqedeni Ukukhishwa Kwekhabhoni kanye Nokunciphisa Ukuguquguquka Kwesimo Sezulu. Ishicilelwe ku Nature nokuxhumana.

“Njengoba amaphaneli e-solar photovoltaic evela njengomthombo wamandla amakhulu azokhombisa imakethe yamandla yase-US engxenyeni esele ye-21.^st Ikhulu leminyaka, amaphaneli okukhiqiza nawokuhlonza lapha azohambisana nezinjongo zethu zesimo sezulu kanye nezinjongo zethu zenqubomgomo yamandla,” kusho u-Co-Author wephepha u-Haoyue Liang.

I-Solar kuhloswe ngayo ukuthi ibhekane nama-40% esidingo sikagesi sikazwelonke e-US ngo-2035 esingase sikhuphuke sifinyelele cishe kuhhafu wakho wonke ugesi ophakelwayo ngo-2050.

Njengoba uMthetho Wokwehliswa Kokwehla Kwamanani Emali (i-IRA) unikeza umfutho odingekayo ukuze ukukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga kukhule, ababhali bocwaningo babheke imithelela yesimo sezulu sokubambezeleka kweshejuli yokuhlehlisa kabusha.

Ithimba lenze ucwaningo lokuqhathanisa nolulindelekile lomjikelezo wempilo (LCA) lwezimo ezimbalwa zokukhiqiza ogwini olusha kanye namacala okukhiqiza angaphandle ukuze kuhlolwe amandla kanye nomthelela wesimo sezulu wase-US ukuqeda ngokuphelele izimpahla zangaphandle.

Ukuqhathanisa kwenziwa phakathi kwesimo sogu lolwandle ngo-2020 necala elikhishwe ngaphandle ngawo lowo nyaka ukuze kuphenywe umthelela wokusuka ekukhiqizeni ogwini ukuya ekukhiqizweni kwasekhaya kwamaphaneli e-c-Si.

“Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuthembela ezimpahleni zomhlaba wonke (icala elingasogwini) ngo-2020, ukukhiqizwa kwasekhaya kwamamojula e-c-Si PV e-US kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-GHG ngo-23% nokusetshenziswa kwamandla ngo-4%. Icala elingasogwini ngo-2020 lalithembele kakhulu ezintweni ezivela eMalaysia (38%), Vietnam (21%), Thailand (17%), South Korea (9%), China (6%) naseSingapore (3%), ”kusho leli phepha.

Abacwaningi badala 'izibikezelo ezinengqondo' zezimo ezibandakanya ukunikezwa kwasekhaya okugxile e-US kwamaphaneli elanga angathuthukisa uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka ngokuncintisana ezifundeni ezifana ne-Alabama, Florida kanye ne-Georgia.

Besho ukuthi abukho obunye ubuchwepheshe be-PV obungangena esikhundleni se-c-Si 'ngokushesha ngokwanele' ukuze i-US ifinyelele ekukhishweni kwekhabhoni komkhakha wamandla ngo-2035, abacwaningi baphikisa ngokuthi ukwakha uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwasendaweni kwamamojula we-c-Si kunciphisa izinselelo ezihlobene nokuphazamiseka kokukhiqiza, ukuncintisana nesidingo esivela kwezinye izimboni noma amazwe, nokugcina ubuholi obuqinile bokukhiqiza amandla elanga e-US.

Kodwa-ke, kubukeka sengathi imboni yokukhiqiza ilanga lase-US izosungulwa ngokushesha ngenxa ye-IRA. Izinkampani eziningi ze-PV zimemezele ukuthi zizomisa amafekthri e-PV ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule, eyokuqala, i-Hanwha Q Cells yaseKorea, yaze yahlela nendwangu ehlanganisiwe eqondile - ukusuka kuma-wafer kuya kumamojula. Ngesonto eledlule kuphela, izinkampani ezi-2 ezivela eChina zamemezela izinhlelo zokusungula ukukhiqizwa kwamamojula e-US, kuhlanganise nenkampani enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni ye-PV, i-LONGi Group; enye kwakunguHounen, eshicilela izinhlelo zemojula ye-1 GW eSouth Carolina.

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