I-Mastering Thermal Paste Selection: Amathrendi aphezulu Nezinketho zango-2023

Emhlabeni oyinkimbinkimbi we-electronics, ama-thermal pastes avele njengamaqhawe athule, aqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphelele nokuphila isikhathi eside kwamadivayisi. Njengoba sizulazula ngo-2023, lezi zinhlanganisela sezithuthuke kakhulu, zibhekelela izidingo eziguquguqukayo zama-CPU asebenza kahle kakhulu nama-GPU. Kumabhizinisi, ukukhetha okunamathiselwe okushisayo okulungile akukhona nje ukugcina izinga lokushisa ledivayisi; imayelana nokuletha ukusebenza okungaguquki, okusezingeni eliphezulu kubasebenzisi bokugcina, ukuqinisa ukuthembeka komkhiqizo, futhi ekugcineni kuqhubekisele phambili ukuthengisa emakethe encintisanayo.

Okuqukethwe
Isayensi ngemuva kwe-thermal pastes
Izinhlobo eziphezulu zokunamathisela ezishisayo zango-2023
Izinto okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho ukhetha ama-paste ashisayo
Isiphetho

Isayensi ngemuva kwe-thermal pastes

Ukushintsha kusukela esethulweni, ake singene sijule kwisayensi engemuva kwe-thermal pastes kanye nokubaluleka kwakho endaweni ye-electronics.

Kuyini unamathisele oshisayo?

I-thermal paste, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi inhlanganisela eshisayo, igrisi, noma ijeli, idlala indima ebalulekile embonini yezogesi. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko uwukusebenza njengendawo ehambisa ukushisa, ukuvala igebe phakathi kwamasinki okushisa nemithombo yokushisa, njengamadivayisi we-semiconductor yamandla aphezulu. Ngokuqeda izikhala zomoya noma izikhala, ezisebenza njengama-insulators ashisayo, ukunamathisela okushisayo kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukushisa kudluliselwa ngokuphumelelayo, okwandisa ukuchithwa kokushisa. Lokhu kubalulekile ekugcineni amazinga okushisa e-CPU alungile, ikakhulukazi lapho lezi zingxenye ziphushelwe emikhawulweni yazo.

Kungani ikhwalithi ibalulekile?

Ikhwalithi yokunamathisela okushisayo ithinta ngokuqondile ukusebenza nokuphila isikhathi eside kwamasistimu kagesi. Ukunamathisela kwekhwalithi ephezulu kuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kokushisa okuphumelelayo, ukuvimbela ukushisa ngokweqile kanye nokulimala okungenzeka ezingxenyeni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukunamathisela kwe-subpar kungase kunganikezi ukuqhutshwa okufunayo, okuholela ekulahlekeni kokushisa okungasebenzi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ama-pastes athile ashisayo angehlisa, alahlekelwe ukusebenza kwawo. Lokhu konakala kungase kubangele izici ezifana nokupompa, lapho okunamathiselwe kususwa khona ngenxa yamazinga ahlukahlukene okunwebeka okushisayo kanye nokufinyela phakathi kwefasi ne-sink yokushisa. Enye inselele ukuhlukaniswa kwe-polymer ne-filler matrix emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, okuholela ekwenyukeni kokumelana nokushisa.

Ukuvela kwe-thermal pastes

Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, ukwakheka nokusebenza kahle kwe-thermal pastes kubone intuthuko enkulu. Izinguqulo zangaphambilini ngokuyinhloko zazihlanganisa izinhlanganisela eziyisisekelo ezinokusebenza okushisayo okulinganiselwe. Kodwa-ke, ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe kanye nesidingo esikhulayo semishini esebenza kahle kakhulu, isidingo sezixazululo ezingcono ezishisayo saba sobala. Imakethe yanamuhla ihlinzeka ngezinhlobonhlobo zokunamathisela, kusukela kulezo eziqukethe izinhlayiya zesiliva ezincane ezimiswe ku-silicone/ceramic medium kuya kulezo ezenziwe cishe yonke ngensimbi ewuketshezi, eziqhayisa ngama-thermal conductivities angaphezu kuka-13 W/(m·K). Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi nakuba lawa ma-paste ane-conductivity ephezulu enikeza ukusebenza okuphezulu, eza nesethi yawo yezinselelo, njengengozi yokuchitheka nokugqwala okungase kube khona ezinsimbini ezithile ezifana ne-aluminium.

Izinhlobo eziphezulu zokunamathisela ezishisayo zango-2023

Umhlaba wokunamathisela okushisayo mkhulu, kunenqwaba yezinketho ezitholakalayo kulabo abafuna ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwekhompyutha yabo. Lezi zinhlanganisela zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukudluliswa kokushisa okuphumelelayo phakathi kwe-CPU nesipholile, ngaleyo ndlela kugcinwe amazinga okushisa afanele ohlelweni. Ake singene ezinhlotsheni eziphezulu ezenze umaki ngo-2023.

I-Thermal grizzly: Ukuhola iphakethe

I-Thermal Grizzly isiqinise isikhundla sayo emakethe ngeminikelo ebhekelela kokubili abathanda kanye nezingcweti. Ukunamathisela kwe-Kryonaut yomkhiqizo kugqama njengokukhetha kweprimiyamu, kuziqhayisa ngokuhambisa okushisayo okungu-12.5 W/mk. Imvelo yayo engasebenzisi ugesi iqinisekisa ukuphepha ngesikhathi sokufaka isicelo, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwayo kalula kwenze kwaba intandokazi phakathi kwabakhi bohlelo. Ngenani ngegramu ngayinye engu-$9.99, inikeza ibhalansi phakathi kokusebenza nezindleko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzinza kwayo nokumelana nama-drip kuyenza ibe ukukhetha okuthembekile kulabo abafuna ukusebenza kwezinga eliphezulu. Ngokusho kwe-Tom's Hardware, ukunamathisela kwe-Kryonaut kunikeza inqubo yokufaka isicelo ebushelelezi, iqinisekisa ukudluliswa kokushisa okusebenzayo.

I-Noctua: Ukwethembeka kuhlangabezana nokufinyeleleka

I-Noctua's NT-H1 thermal paste izuze idumela layo njengesixazululo esisebenziseka kalula isabelomali kodwa esisebenza kahle. Intengo ka-$2.26 ngegremu ngayinye, inikeza isilinganiso esiphoqelelayo sentengo-kuya-kukusebenza. I-viscosity yokunamathisela iqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa okulula nokuhlanza, okuyenza ifanele ukwakhiwa okubanzi. Ukusebenza kwayo kuhambisana nezinye zezinketho ezibiza kakhulu emakethe, okuyenza ibe yindlela yokuzikhethela kulabo abafuna inani ngaphandle kokuyekethisa ikhwalithi. Izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha zikaTom zigqamisa inqubo yayo elula yohlelo nempilo ende enikezayo, iqinisekisa ukuthi amasistimu asebenza kahle isikhathi eside.

Ifa le-Arctic: Kusukela ku-MX-4 kuya ku-MX-6

I-Arctic ibilokhu iyinsika emakethe yokunamathisela okushisayo, ngochungechunge lwayo lwe-MX oluthole udumo eminyakeni edlule. I-MX-5, i-premium paste eyaziwa ngokusebenza kwayo yonke indawo, ibiyintandokazi kubathandi. Nge-conductivity yokushisa engu-6.0 W/mk kanye nenani lika-$2.75 ngegremu, inikeza isisombululo esilinganiselwe kulabo abafuna ukusebenza kubhajethi. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kwe-carbon micro-particulate kuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kokushisa okuphumelelayo, kuyilapho ukuvumelana kwayo kuvumela ukusetshenziswa okulula. Kodwa-ke, njengoba i-MX-5 iphuma, i-MX-6 esanda kwethulwa ithembisa ukusebenza okungcono okungafika ku-20%. Njengoba kuphawula i-Hardware kaTom, i-MX-6 isethelwe ukuqhubekisela phambili ifa lamanduleli wayo, iqinisekisa ukuthi i-Arctic ihlala iyinketho ephezulu yezixazululo ezishisayo.

Izinketho ezitholakala emakethe zihlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukahlukene, kusukela kulabo abafuna izixazululo zesabelomali kuya kwabashisekayo abafuna ukusebenza kahle kakhulu. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, kanjalo neminikelo emakethe yokunamathisela okushisayo, iqinisekisa ukuthi amasistimu asebenza kahle futhi ngokupholile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wakha isistimu entsha noma uthuthukisa ekhona, ukukhetha ukunamathisela okushisayo okulungile kungenza umehluko omkhulu ekusebenzeni.

Izinto okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho ukhetha ama-paste ashisayo

I-Thermal conductivity: Imethrikhi eyinhloko

I-Thermal conductivity isilinganiso sekhono lempahla lokuqhuba ukushisa. Kuyitshe legumbi lanoma yikuphi ukusebenza kahle kwanoma yikuphi ukunamathisela okushisayo. I-thermal conductivity ephakeme isho ukuthi ukunamathisela kungadlulisa ukushisa ngokuphumelelayo ukusuka ku-CPU noma i-GPU kuya ku-heatsink. Ngokusho kwedatha, ezinye izinhlobo zikwazile ukusunduza imvilophu, zithole ukuqhutshwa kwe-thermal kufika ku-15 W/mK, kanti ezinye zizungeza ibanga lika-8-10 W/mK. Kubathengisi abaku-inthanethi, kubalulekile ukufaka imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zamakhasimende ezihlukene, kusukela kulabo abafuna ukusebenza kwezinga eliphezulu kuya kuleyo ebhajethi.

Isicelo nokuphila isikhathi eside

Ukusebenzisa unamathisele oshisayo kungase kubonakale kuqondile, kodwa kunobuciko kukho. Inani elilingana nephizi phakathi nendawo ye-CPU, bese ucindezela i-cooler phansi, ngokuvamile lenza ubuqili. Nokho, okunye ukunamathisela kudinga indlela ethile yohlelo lokusebenza ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza kahle. Ukuphila isikhathi eside kungesinye isici esibalulekile. Ezinye izinhlanganisela ezishisayo zingahlala iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili, ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaguquki ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Abathengisi kufanele baqaphele lawa ma-nuances futhi banikeze isiqondiso kumakhasimende abo e-B2B, baqinisekise ukuthi benza izinqumo ezinolwazi.

Intengo iqhathaniswa nokusebenza

Kuhlala kunenkulumompikiswano mayelana nokuthi kufanelekile yini ukuchitha imali eningi kuma-paste ashisayo aphezulu. Nakuba amabhrendi e-premium evame ukuletha ukusebenza okuphezulu, kunezinketho ezivumelana nesabelomali ezinikeza inani elihle kakhulu lentengo yazo. Isibonelo, amanye ama-pastes angu-$5 enza cishe kanye nozakwabo abangama-$20. Konke kumayelana nokuthola ibhalansi efanele. Abathengisi kufanele banikeze izinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo, baqinisekise ukuthi ibhekelela womabili amaklayenti aqaphela isabelomali.

Izinhlanganisela zensimbi eziwuketshezi: Umngcele omusha?

Izinhlanganisela zensimbi eziwuketshezi bezilokhu zenza amagagasi embonini yokunamathisela okushisayo. Lezi zinhlanganisela, ezivame ukwakhiwa nge-gallium ne-indium, ziziqhayisa ngokushisa okuphakeme ngendlela emangalisayo, ngezinye izikhathi zifinyelela ku-73 W/mK. Nokho, beza nesethi yabo yezinselele. Izinsimbi eziwuketshezi zingagqwala, zingase zilimaze amaheatsink e-aluminium. Zidinga futhi ukusetshenziswa ngokucophelela ukuze zigweme ukuchitheka. Ngaphandle kwalezi zinselele, izinzuzo zabo zokusebenza azikwazi ukushaywa indiva. Abathengisi kufanele bacabangele ukubeka lezi zimpahla kodwa zibe nemihlahlandlela ecacile mayelana nesicelo sabo kanye nezingozi ezingaba khona.

Isiphetho

Imakethe ye-thermal paste ihlala ishintshashintsha, kanye nokuqanjwa kabusha kanye nezitayela ezilolonga imboni. Kubathengisi be-inthanethi, ukuqonda lawa ma-nuances kubaluleke kakhulu. Kusukela ekubalulekeni kokusebenza okushisayo kuya ekukhuphukeni kwezinhlanganisela zensimbi eziwuketshezi, ukuhlala wazi ngalezi ntuthuko kuqinisekisa ukuthi bahlinzeka ngemikhiqizo engcono kakhulu nezeluleko kumakhasimende abo e-B2B. Njengoba unyaka ka-2023 uqhubeka, kuyacaca ukuthi isidingo sezixazululo ezishisayo nezisebenzayo sizokhula kuphela, okukwenze kube yisikhathi esijabulisayo kulabo abasebhizinisini.