Ungakhetha Kanjani Izibumbi Zokujova Ezingcono Kakhulu

Njengoba kunezinhlobonhlobo zemishini etholakalayo emakethe, ukukhetha isibunzi somjovo esifanele ngezidingo zomuntu kungaba inselele. Lesi sihloko sizohlola izici ezibalulekile okudingeka uzazi ukuze wenze umqondo wedatha yabahlinzeki, kanye nokuchaza ukuthi izidingo zokubumba zebhizinisi zizoba nomthelela kanjani ekukhetheni kwabo umshini. Izophinde igqamise izinhlobo zokubumba umjovo ezitholakalayo ukuze abahlinzeki baqiniseke ukuthi benza ukuthenga okungcono kakhulu.

Okuqukethwe
Ukukhula kwemakethe yokubumba umjovo
Okufanele ukucabangele lapho ukhetha isikhunta somjovo
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zemishini yokubumba umjovo
Izimakethe eziqondiwe zemishini yokubumba umjovo
Amazwi wokugcina

Ukukhula kwemakethe yokubumba umjovo

Imakethe yepulasitiki ebunjiwe emhlabeni wonke kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngezinga lokukhula elihlanganisiwe lonyaka (CAGR) engaphezu kuka-4.5%. Isidingo somhlaba wonke sezingxenye zepulasitiki ezibunjiwe sihlangatshezwa ukwanda kwemishini yekhwalithi ephezulu, ene China kuba a umhlinzeki ovelele. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukusungulwa komshini wokubumba umjovo, amandla namandla okusebenza kuholele ezinhlobonhlobo zemishini etholakala emakethe. 

Okufanele ukucabangele lapho ukhetha isikhunta somjovo

Ubukhulu bomkhiqizo bunquma ukwakheka kwesikhunta, ngakho-ke kuyisiqalo sokunquma ukucaciswa komshini. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi uma ibhizinisi lidinga ukukhiqizwa okuphezulu kwezingxenye ezincane, njenge iziqongo zamabhodlela, bese kusetshenziswa isikhunta se-multi-cavity, esidinga umshini omkhulu.

Ubukhulu besikhunta, bona, bunquma usayizi womshini. Umuntu kufanele aqinisekise ukuthi umshini mkhulu ngokwanele ukubamba isikhunta, uyivule futhi uyivale, bese ukhipha imikhiqizo yokugcina. Ubukhulu besikhunta buphinde bunqume inani lepulasitiki elijovwe ngokudubula okukodwa ukugcwalisa isikhunta. Lo 'sayizi wokudutshulwa' unquma amandla adingekayo, okuhlanganisa izinga lomjovo nokucindezela kokubopha. Ngezansi kunencazelo enemininingwane eyengeziwe yezinto okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho ukhetha isibunzi somjovo:

Ingcindezi yokucindezela / amathani

Umshini wokubumba kufanele ubambe isikhunta ngokuqinile ngenkathi ipulasitiki ijova ngaphansi kwengcindezi futhi uyibambe inganyakazi ngenkathi upholisa. Ukucindezela kokugoqa kuvame ukukalwa ngamathani. Umhlahlandlela ojwayelekile wokucaciswa komfutho we-clamping uthi izikhathi 2.5 indawo eyisikwele yesikhunta nge okwengeziwe ngo-10% isici sokuphepha. Ngakho-ke, engxenyeni engama-intshi angama-square angama-80, uzodinga usayizi wokucindezela onamathani angu-200 okucindezela, kanye nesici sokuphepha esingu-10%, esiholela kusayizi ophelele wesidingo samathani angu-220. Noma yini engaphansi kwalokho ingase ingahlangabezani namandla okubamba adingekayo kumkhiqizo.

Ingcindezi yomjovo nesisindo somjovo

I-polymer encibilikisiwe ijova esikhunjeni ngaphansi kwengcindezi, okumele ibe phezulu ngokwanele ukugcwalisa yonke isikhunta ngesikhathi esidingekayo. Izingcindezi ngokuvamile ziphakathi 70 kanye ne-112 MPa (10–16 kpsi).

Usayizi wesibhamu

Inani eliphakeme lepulasitiki elingajova endaweni yokubumba ngesikhathi somjikelezo owodwa wokubumba libizwa ngokuthi usayizi wokudutshulwa, usayizi olinganiselwe kunoma yikuphi. ama-ounces emishini yase-US noma i-cm3 yemishini yaseYurophu neyase-Asia. Kuwumkhuba ongcono kakhulu ukukhetha umshini okwazi ukukhiqiza usayizi wokudutshulwa omkhulu kakhulu kunosayizi wokudutshulwa wesikhunta somkhiqizo wakho, kanye nomhlahlandlela wokuthi kungakanani kuncike ohlotsheni lwepulasitiki olusetshenzisiwe. 

Ukuze uthole ama-resins enhloso evamile, njenge-PP, i-PE ne-PS, usayizi wokudubula kufanele ube phakathi kwamaphesenti angama-20 kuya kwangu-80 omthamo wokudubula womshini, kanti kuma-resin akhiwe ngobunjiniyela, njengamanayiloni, i-ABS, i-PC ne-EOM usayizi wokudutshulwa kufanele phakathi kwamaphesenti angama-30 nangama-50 omthamo omkhulu wokudubula womshini. 

Usayizi wepuleti

Amapuleti ayizingcwecwe eziqinile lapho isikhunta sifakwa khona. Banikeza ukuzinza nokucindezela ukubamba isikhunta ndawonye. Amapuleti kufanele abe makhulu ngokwanele ukuze alingane nesikhunta futhi abe namandla ngokwanele ukuze athathe ingcindezi edingekayo yokubopha.

Isikhala sebha yokubopha

Izinsimbi zokubopha zihlinzeka ngosekelo lwesakhiwo ukuze ama-platens aye emuva naphambili ngesikhathi sokubopha futhi kufanele abe nesikhala esanele ukuvumela ukunyakaza okugcwele kwe-clamp ukusuka ekuvulekeni kuye ekuvaleni okuqinile. Isikhala sebha yokubopha isilinganiso esiphakathi kwamabha othayi avundlile.

I-Ejection stroke

Kufanele kube nendawo eyanele yokukhipha ukuze kukhishwe imikhiqizo ebunjiwe. Njengomhlahlandlela, i-mold ejection stroke kufanele okungenani ibe kabili ukujula komkhiqizo.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zemishini yokubumba umjovo

Hydraulic

Imishini yokubumba umjovo we-Hydraulic kwakuyizinhlobo zokuqala ezisetshenziswa ngakho-ke zivame ukubusa emakethe. Ama-hydraulics ahlinzeka ngomfutho ophezulu odingekayo ukuze ubambe futhi ubambe isikhunta endaweni. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezinkulu ezidinga ukucindezela okukhulu kakhulu kanye nezikhathi zokubamba isikhathi eside, yingakho Ama-hydraulic mechanisms adumile embonini yezimoto yezingxenye ezibunjiwe ezinzima ezifana namabhampa emoto. Yize imishini ye-hydraulic ihole phambili phambilini, isabelo semakethe yomhlaba wonke ngamayunithi siseduze kuphela 23.5%, cishe ingxenye yemishini kagesi, nakuba ukweqa imakethe kagesi ngama-50% yenani, okubonisa izindleko eziphakeme zemishini esebenza ngamanzi. I-Asia Pacific kube yimakethe enkulu kuze kube manje cishe ngama-51% ngamayunithi. Sekukonke ukukhula komhlaba wonke kulindeleke ukuthi kukhule ngo-a I-CAGR ye-4.6% namaMelika okulindeleke ukuthi akhule ngokushesha ngesikhathi I-CAGR 6.4% ngo-2025.

Izinzuzo

• High clamping force, okungenzeka idlule amathani ayi-8,000
• Umjovo ongcono namakhono okukhipha
• Usayizi weshothi omkhulu
• Intengo ephansi yokuthenga
• Izindleko zokulungisa eziphansi ngenxa yokutholakala kwezingxenye nolwazi
• Izinketho eziningi ezitholakalayo emakethe

Okumbi

• Ayiwongi amandla, sebenzisa amandla amakhulu ngisho noma ungenzi lutho
• Idinga amazinga okushisa aphezulu ukuze ibunjwe
• Kudinga isikhathi esengeziwe sokupholisa
• Ayilungele amakamelo ahlanzekile ngenxa yengozi yokuvuza koketshezi olusebenza ngogesi
• Kunomsindo futhi akunembe kangako kunezinye izindlela zikagesi

Amandla

Imishini yokubumba umjovo kagesi asebenza ngedijithali, izingxenye ezihlelekayo zisebenzisa ama-servo motors anesivinini esikhulu kunama-hydraulic. Lokhu kuvumela ukubumba okunembayo okuphezulu ikakhulukazi kwezingxenye ezincane (isb. izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi nezokwelapha), kanye nekhwalithi ephindaphindekayo. I-Asia Pacific kube yimakethe enkulu kuze kube manje cishe ngama-47% ngamayunithi. Sekukonke ukukhula komhlaba wonke kulindeleke ukuthi kukhule ngo-a I-CAGR ye-4.2% namaMelika okulindeleke ukuthi akhule ngokushesha ngesikhathi I-CAGR 6.0% ngo-2025.

Izinzuzo

• Ilawulwa ngedijithali, iyahleleka, futhi ingasebenza ingagadiwe
• Isebenza kahle, iyashesha, iyaphinda, futhi inembe kakhulu sekukonke
• Izilawuli zezimoto ezizimele kuyo yonke inqubo
• Ithulile futhi ihlanzekile, inezinto ezimbalwa ezisebenzisekayo njengezihlungi namafutha
• Ukuqala okusheshayo, isivinini somjovo osheshayo, nesikhathi somjikelezo esisheshayo
• Izidingo zamandla aphansi, ukonga amandla, kanye nezindleko zokusebenza ezincishisiwe
• Izindleko zeyunithi eziphansi, ukulungiswa okulula kanye nesikhathi esincane sokuphumula

Okumbi

• Izindleko zokuthenga zokuqala eziphezulu kunezinguqulo zama-hydraulic
• Izingxenye kungase kungabi lula ukuzithola ngenxa yemakethe encane
• Izingcindezi eziphansi zokugoqa kunama-hydraulics ngakho azifanele izingxenye ezinkulu ezidinga i-high pressure clamping kanye nezikhathi zokubamba ezinde

Hybrid

Imishini yokubumba i-Hybrid injection sebenzisa ama-hydraulics ukuze ubambe futhi ungafinyelela uhla olukhulu lwezingcindezi, kodwa sebenzisa ama-servo motors kagesi ngomjovo kanye nokululama ngezikulufu. Kukhona ukuhwebelana phakathi kokulawulwa okuthuthukisiwe nokonga amandla ama-servos kagesi, ngokumelene nokulahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle kokusabalalisa amandla adonsela phansi kwezinye izinqubo. Imishini ehlanganisiwe idumile, inamayunithi angama-32.8% emakethe yomhlaba, uma kuqhathaniswa cishe nama-23.5% ehydraulic kanye nama-43.7% emishini kagesi.. I-Asia Pacific kube yimakethe enkulu kuze kube manje cishe ngama-60%. Sekukonke ukukhula komhlaba wonke kulindeleke ukuthi kukhule ngo-a I-CAGR ye-4.9% ngemakethe yaseMelika entengayo okungenzeka ikhule ngokushesha ngesikhathi I-CAGR 6.5% ngo-2025.

Izinzuzo

• Amasistimu kagesi avumela ukulungiswa okulula
• Ivumela ukukhetha okubanzi kokwakhiwa komkhiqizo
• Izindleko zangaphambili ngokuvamile ziphakathi kwemishini ephansi ye-hydraulic kanye namamodeli aphezulu kagesi
• Inikeza ukonga izindleko okungenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngemva kwezindleko zokusetha kokuqala

Okumbi

• Okunye ukungasebenzi kahle kwamandla uma kuqhathaniswa nemishini esebenza ngogesi noma esebenza ngogesi ngokugcwele
• Ukufanisa izingxenye ezitholakalayo emshinini ofanele kungaba nzima, okubeka engcupheni isikhathi sokuphumula esandisiwe ngenkathi kutholwa izimisele
• Onjiniyela bezokulungisa kumele babe nolwazi lwakho kokubili ugesi kanye imishini ye-hydraulic

Ukucushwa okuvundlile noma okuqondile

Imishini emikhulu yezimboni kungenzeka ukuthi itholakale ekucushweni okuvundlile, noma ngabe isebenzisa amasistimu asebenzisa amanzi, ugesi noma ingxubevange. Nokho, Imishini yokubumba umjovo oqondile, iza ngawo womabili amamodeli we-hydraulic kanye nogesi, inganikeza inani lezinzuzo zokusetshenziswa okuthile. Ukuma kwazo okuqondile kwenza ukufinyelela kube lula faka ukubumba, lapho ingxenye eyakhiwe kusengaphambili idinga upulasitiki owakhelwe eduze kwayo, noma isikhunta sezincwadi esijikelezayo lapho okunye ukubumba kuzungeziswa ngumsebenzisi. Futhi, umumo oqondile uthatha indawo encane kunomshini ovundlile. Umzila omfushane womjovo wehlisa ubungozi bokuphola futhi abagijimi abafushane basho inhlaka encane kanye nokumoshakala okuncane. I-clamping nayo inenzuzo eyengeziwe ye-gravity ukugcina isikhunta esiphezulu sisendaweni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imishini yokubumba umjovo oqondile ingaba yinketho engabizi kakhulu futhi esebenzayo yezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezibandakanya umsebenzisi.

Izimakethe eziqondiwe zemishini yokubumba umjovo

Izingxenye zepulasitiki ezibunjiwe zivame ukusetshenziswa kuzo zonke izimboni futhi isidingo kulindeleke ukuthi sikhule ku-CAGR ka-4.2% kusukela ngo-2021 kuya ku-2028, ngesidingo esandayo sezingxenye ezincane, ezisezingeni eliphezulu, nezinembe kakhulu ezilungele imvelo futhi zigaywe kabusha. Amandla okuthenga emishini yokubumba umjovo kulindeleke ukuthi akhule ezimakethe zomhlaba wonke nge-CAGR engu-4.7% iyonke ngo-2018-2025. Ukukhula embonini yezokwakha kulindeleke ukuthi kukhuphule imakethe yase-Asia Pacific, esesivele ikhona Isabelo semakethe esingu-51%, ngesilinganiso sokukhula esiqagelwayo esingu-3.8% CAGR. Ukukhula kwemakethe yokupakisha kulo lonke elaseYurophu kuzokhuphula izinga lamanje Isabelo semakethe esingu-25%, ne-CAGR ehlongozwayo engu-5.2%.. I-US kanye neLatin America, Middle East kanye ne-Afrika (LAMEA) yizimakethe ezingaba khona okulindeleke ukuthi zibone amazinga aphezulu okukhula, kanye nokusetshenziswa okwenyuka kwezingxenye ezincane zepulasitiki embonini yezimoto okungenzeka kukhuphule isabelo semakethe saseMelika ngaphezu kwamanje. I-18%, ku-CAGR ka-5.9%, kanye nokukhula kwentuthuko ekwakhiweni kulo lonke elase-LAMEA kubhebhezela a I-CAGR engu-6.5% ukusuka esabelweni semakethe samanje esingu-6.5%.

Amazwi wokugcina

Ngemakethe yepulasitiki ekhulayo yomhlaba wonke, maningi amathuba okuba abahlinzeki bemishini yokubumba umjovo. Lesi sihloko sibuyekeze izinhlobo zemishini etholakalayo kanye nezici ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe ukuze uthenge okulungile. Lezi zicaciso zobuchwepheshe zizosiza ukunciphisa ukukhetha, kodwa khumbula ukuthi umphakeli omuhle uyophinde asize umuntu enze umqondo wemininingwane ecokeme edingekayo ukuze athole umshini ongcono kakhulu wezidingo zomuntu. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nezibumbi zokujova, kanye nokuhlola amamodeli atholakalayo emakethe namuhla, bheka Chovm.com umbukiso.