Ukukhetha Ucezu: Umhlahlandlela Wempumelelo ye-Ecommerce

Ukucosha izingcezu kuyinqubo ebalulekile ekugcinweni kwempahla yesimanje kanye nemisebenzi yokugcwalisa i-oda. Le ndlela ihlanganisa ukukhetha izinto ngazinye ezindaweni zokugcina ukuze kugcwaliseke ama-oda ekhasimende ngokunembile nangempumelelo. Njengoba i-ecommerce iqhubeka nokukhula, ukukhetha izingcezu sekubaluleke kakhulu emabhizinisini alwela ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zabathengi zokulethwa okusheshayo nokunembile.

Ukuqonda Ukukhetha Ucezu

Ukucosha izingcezu kusho inqubo yokubuyisa izinto ngazinye noma ama-SKU kumashalofu e-warehouse noma izinhlelo zokugcina ukuze kuhlanganiswe ama-oda ekhasimende. Le ndlela ivame kakhulu ezindaweni ze-ecommerce kanye nezitolo lapho ama-oda ngokuvamile ahlanganisa imikhiqizo eminingi, ehlukahlukene. Ngokungafani nokucosha amacala noma ukucosha i-pallet, okubandakanya ukuhambisa amanani amakhulu ento efanayo, ukukhetha izingcezu kugxile ekukhetheni izinto ezithile ngamanani anembile.

Ukubaluleka kokucosha izingcezu ochungechungeni lwanamuhla lokunikezela angeke kugcizelelwe. Ngokukhula kokuthenga ku-inthanethi kanye nokulindela ukugcwaliseka kwe-oda ngokushesha, amabhizinisi kufanele athuthukise imisebenzi yawo yokukhetha ukuze aqhubeke encintisana. Ukukhetha izingcezu ngendlela efanele kunganciphisa kakhulu izikhathi zokucubungula i-oda, kuthuthukise ukunemba kwe-oda, futhi ekugcineni kuthuthukise ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimende.

Izindlela Zokukhetha Iziqephu

Kukhona izindlela ezimbalwa zokukhetha izingcezu, ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nezicelo zayo. Ukukhetha indlela ngokuvamile kuncike ezicini ezifana nevolumu ye-oda, ukwakheka kwendawo yokugcina impahla, kanye nemvelo yemikhiqizo ephathwayo.

Ukukhetha i-oda elilodwa

Ngokukhetha i-oda elilodwa, isisebenzi se-warehouse sigcwalisa i-oda elilodwa ngesikhathi, sidlula endaweni yokugcina izimpahla ukuze siqoqe zonke izinto zalelo oda elithile. Le ndlela iqondile futhi inciphisa ubungozi bamaphutha kodwa ingadla isikhathi ezindaweni zokugcina izimpahla ezinkulu noma imisebenzi enevolumu ephezulu.

Ukukhetha iqoqo

Ukukhetha inqwaba kubandakanya ukuqoqa izinto zama-oda amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Le ndlela ingakhuphula kakhulu ukusebenza kahle ngokunciphisa isikhathi sokuhamba phakathi kwezindawo zokukhetha. Kodwa-ke, kudinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izinto zihlelwa ngendlela efanele ngama-oda azo ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlanganisa.

Ukukhetha Indawo

Ukukhetha indawo kuhlukanisa indawo yokugcina izimpahla ezindaweni ezihlukile, nabaqoki abanikezwe izindawo ezithile. Ama-oda adluliswa ukusuka endaweni ukuya endaweni, ngesikhethi ngasinye sengeza izinto ezidingekayo endaweni yaso. Le ndlela ingasebenza kahle kakhulu ezindlini zokugcina izimpahla ezinobubanzi bemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene noma izidingo ezikhethekile zokugcina.

Ukukhetha amagagasi

Ukukhetha amagagasi kuhlanganisa izici zeqoqo kanye nokukhetha indawo. Ama-oda akhishwa ngamagagasi, nabaqoki baqoqa izinto zama-oda amaningi ngaphakathi kwezindawo abazinikeziwe. Le ndlela ingasiza ekulinganiseni umthwalo womsebenzi futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhetha ngezikhathi eziphakeme kakhulu.

I-automation ekukhetheni ucezu

I-automation iguqule ukusebenza kokukhetha izingcezu, inikezela ngezixazululo zokuthuthukisa isivinini, ukunemba, nokusebenza kahle. Isitoreji esizenzakalelayo kanye nezinhlelo zokuthola kabusha (AS/RS) sezidume kakhulu ezinqolobaneni zesimanje, okuvumela ukugcinwa okuminyanisa kakhulu kanye nokubuyisa ngokushesha izinto.

Amasistimu wokucosha izingcezu zamarobhothi, okuhlanganisa namarobhothi eselula azimele (ama-AMR), asetshenziswa ezindaweni eziningi ukusiza abasebenzi noma ukusebenza ngokuzimela. Lawa masistimu angakwazi ukuzulazula ezindleleni zempahla, athole izinto, futhi azithuthele eziteshini zokupakisha, ehlise kakhulu isikhathi sokuhamba kanye nobunzima bomzimba kubasebenzi.

Ukusebenzisa Amasu Aphumelelayo Okukhetha Iziqephu

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe imisebenzi yokukha izingcezu, izindawo zokugcina impahla kufanele zisebenzise amasu asebenzayo ahambisana nezidingo zabo kanye nemikhawulo ethile.

Ukuthuthukiswa Kwesakhiwo Sesitolo

Isakhiwo se-warehouse esiklanywe kahle sibalulekile ekukhetheni izingcezu ngokuphumelelayo. Ngokubeka ngobuchule izinto zesivinini esikhulu ezindaweni ezifinyeleleka kalula futhi ziqoqe imikhiqizo efanayo ndawonye, ​​izindawo zokugcina impahla zinganciphisa isikhathi sokuhamba futhi zithuthukise amanani okukhethwa.

Slotting

I-slotting ephumelelayo ihlanganisa ukuhlela i-inventory ngokusekelwe ezintweni ezifana ne-pick frequency, usayizi, nesisindo. I-slotting efanele inganciphisa kakhulu izikhathi zomjikelezo wokukhetha futhi ithuthukise i-ergonomics yabasebenzi be-warehouse.

Khetha-kuya-Ukukhanya Systems

Amasistimu wokukhetha ukuze akhanyise asebenzisa izibonisi ze-LED ukuze aqondise abakhi ezindaweni ezifanele futhi abonise nenani lezinto okufanele zikhethwe. Lezi zinhlelo zingathuthukisa kakhulu ukunemba kanye nesivinini sokukhetha, ikakhulukazi ekusebenzeni kwevolumu ephezulu.

Ukukhetha Okuqondiswe Ezwini

Amasistimu okukhetha aqondiswe ezwini asebenzisa ukubonwa kwenkulumo kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuguqula umbhalo ube inkulumo ukuze uqondise abakhethi emisebenzini yabo. Le ndlela ye-handsfree ingakhuphula umkhiqizo futhi inciphise amaphutha ngokuvumela abasebenzi ukuthi bagxile enqubweni yokukhetha ngaphandle kokudinga ukuhlola uhlu lwamaphepha noma izinto eziphathwayo.

Iqhaza Le-WMS Ekukhetheni Ucezu

Uhlelo oluqinile lokuphatha i-warehouse (WMS) lubalulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe imisebenzi yokucosha izingcezu. Izixazululo zesimanje ze-WMS zinikeza ukulandelwa kwe-inventory ngesikhathi sangempela, ukuphathwa kwe-oda, nokuhlaziya ukusebenza. Ngokuhlanganisa nobuchwepheshe bokukhetha obufana nezikena zebhakhodi kanye nezinhlelo zokukhetha ukuze zikhanyise, i-WMS ingakwazi ukuhlela yonke inqubo yokukhetha, kusukela ekwamukelweni kwe-oda kuye ekuthunyelweni.

Izici ezibalulekile ze-WMS ezisekela ukuqokwa kweziqephu zifaka:

• Dynamic slotting izincomo
• Ukukhiqizwa kwendlela yokukhetha elungiselelwe
• Izibuyekezo ze-inventory zesikhathi sangempela
• Ukulandelela ukusebenza nokubika
• Ukuhlanganiswa namasistimu azenzakalelayo

Izinselelo Ekukhetheni Ucezu

Naphezu kwentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nendlela, ukukhetha izingcezu kusabhekene nezinselelo ezimbalwa:

Izindleko Zabasebenzi

Ukucosha izingcezu kungase kusebenze kanzima, ikakhulukazi emisebenzini engakawamukeli ngokugcwele ama-automation. Ukuphatha izindleko zabasebenzi kuyilapho kugcinwa ukusebenza kahle kuseyinselelo enkulu ezindlini eziningi zokugcina izimpahla.

Ukunemba

Ukugcina amazinga aphezulu okunemba kwe-oda kubalulekile ekwanelisekeni kwamakhasimende nokusebenza kahle. Ngisho namaphutha amancane ekukhetheni izingcezu kungaholela emalini ebizayo kanye namakhasimende anganelisekile.

Ukungafinyeleli

Njengoba amanani e-oda eshintshashintsha, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zonyaka eziphakeme kakhulu, izindawo zokugcina impahla kufanele zikwazi ukukala imisebenzi yazo yokukha izingcezu ngokushesha nangempumelelo.

Ukwanda kwe-SKU

Izinhlobonhlobo ezikhulayo zemikhiqizo nama-SKU ekuhwebeni kwesimanjemanje kungenza kube nzima ukucosha izingcezu, okudinga isitoreji esiyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezinhlelo zokubuyisa.

Ukulinganisa Ukukhetha Ucezu Ukusebenza

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo ekusebenzeni kokukhetha izingcezu, izindawo zokugcina impahla kufanele zilandelele izinkomba zokusebenza eziyinhloko (ama-KPI). Amanye amamethrikhi abalulekile afaka:

• Khetha isilinganiso: Inani lezinto ezikhethiwe ngehora
• Ukunemba kwe-oda: Iphesenti lama-oda akhethwe ngaphandle kwamaphutha
• Isikhathi somjikelezo: Isikhathi esithathiwe ukuqedela umjikelezo wokukha
• Ukusetshenziswa kwabasebenzi: Ukusebenza kahle kwezinsiza zabasebenzi kunqubo yokukhetha

Ngokugada njalo lawa mamethrikhi, izindawo zokugcina impahla zingakwazi ukuhlonza izindawo zokuthuthukiswa futhi zisebenzise ukulungiselelwa okuhlosiwe.

Umugqa Ongezansi

Ukucosha izingcezu kusalokhu kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokugcinwa kwempahla yesimanje kanye nemisebenzi yokugcwalisa i-oda. Njengoba i-ecommerce iqhubeka nokuvela futhi kukhuphuka okulindelwe ngabathengi, amabhizinisi kufanele aqhubeke ecwenga amasu awo okukhetha izingcezu ukuze aqhubeke nokuncintisana. Ngokwamukela i-automation, ukusebenzisa izindlela ezisebenzayo zokukhetha, nokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe, izindawo zokugcina impahla zingathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwazo kokukhetha izingcezu, ukunemba, kanye nokusebenza kukonke.

Ikusasa lokukhetha izingcezu lisekuhlanganisweni okungenamthungo kobuchwepheshe bomuntu nobuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu. Njengoba izindawo zokugcina izimpahla ziqhubeka nokuzivumelanisa nezimfuneko ezishintshayo zemakethe, ukucosha izingcezu ngokungangabazeki kuzohlala kuhamba phambili embonini yezokuthengwa kwempahla. Ngokuhlala benolwazi mayelana namathrendi asafufusa kanye nezindlela ezihamba phambili, amabhizinisi angaqinisekisa ukuthi imisebenzi yawo yokukhetha izingcezu ibekwe kahle ukuze ihlangabezane nezinselelo ze-ecommerce landscape yakusasa.

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