I-Plastiki Thermoforming vs. Ukubunjwa komjovo

Plastic thermoforming kanye umjovo wokubumba zinezicelo ezisabalele kuzo zonke izimboni. Inqubo ngayinye inezici ezihlukile ezizuzisa izinhlelo ezithile. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza buthuthuka, amandla azo zombili izinqubo ayadlulana, okudinga ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwezinzuzo nezindleko ezihambisana nakho ngakunye.

Okuqukethwe
Imakethe yokubumba ye-thermoforming kanye nomjovo
Ukuqonda okuphelele kwezinqubo ezimbili
Ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwe-thermoforming nokubunjwa komjovo

Imakethe yokubumba ye-thermoforming kanye nomjovo

Imakethe ye-thermoforming yomhlaba ibibiza i-USD 13.45 billion ngo-2021 futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ku-CAGR ka-4.9%. Isidingo esikhulayo se i-thermoforming emikhakheni yezemithi neyezokwelapha kuyinto ebalulekile eqhuba ukukhula kwemakethe. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, amapulasitiki ane-thermoformed aye asetshenziswa njengendlela yokushintsha insimbi ezimbonini ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa i-aerospace, ezokuthutha, kanye nemishini yezokwelapha.

Imakethe yokubumba umjovo emhlabeni wonke ibilinganiselwa ku-USD 175.02 bhiliyoni ngo-2021 futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ku-CAGR ka-4.8% ngo-2030. Muva nje, amapulasitiki abunjwe ngomjovo asetshenziswa njengokufakwa esikhundleni sensimbi emkhakheni wezokwakha ukuze kwehliswe isisindo, kuthuthukiswe ukufakwa kwezinto, futhi kunikeze isivikelo se-UV. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lawa mapulasitiki asetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni zokwakha ezahlukahlukene ezifana nephansi, uphahla, amapayipi, izindonga nophahla.

Ukuqonda okuphelele kwezinqubo ezimbili

Iyini i-plastic thermoforming?

I-Plastic thermoforming iyinqubo yokukhiqiza esiza ukwakha izingxenye zepulasitiki ezakhiwe nge-3D. Ukushisa kufakwa eshidini lokubunjwa i-thermoplastic ukwenza kube lula. Leli shidi libe selinwetshwa phezu kwesikhunta esilawulwa izinga lokushisa ukuze kwakhiwe ijometri efiselekayo. Inqubo yenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-vacuum forming noma inqubo yokwenza ingcindezi. Lapho ingxenye iphola ngokwanele, iyasuswa esikhunjeni, futhi izinto ezingaphezulu ziyakhunyulwa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezincazelo eziqondile zokuklama. Uma kunesidingo, imisebenzi yesibili efana nokuhlola usilika, ukudweba, ukuhlanganisa okwengeziwe, noma ukuhlanganisa amaphuzu kwenziwa ukuze kuqedwe ingxenye.

Izici ze-thermoforming yepulasitiki

Kwehlisiwe izindleko zamathuluzi: Uma kuqhathaniswa nokubunjwa komjovo, ukufakwa kwamathuluzi plastic i-thermoforming ishibhile uma kuqhathaniswa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isikhunta senziwe nge-aluminium eshibhile. Ngokuphambene, isikhunta sokubumba umjovo senziwe ngama-alloy esindayo njengensimbi noma i-aluminium ewugqinsi ukuze imelane nokucindezela okuphezulu futhi ivumele ukusetshenziswa kabusha okuqhubekayo ekugijimeni kokukhiqiza okude.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-thermoforming idinga amathuluzi anohlangothi olulodwa kuphela kunezinhlangothi ezimbili ezivame ukusetshenziselwa umjovo ukubumba. Lokhu kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokwakha isikhunta ngesigamu, kwehlisa kakhulu izindleko zangaphambili. Isikhunta, nokho, sihlala isikhathi esifushane futhi asikwazi ukuphinda sisetshenziselwe ukukhiqizwa okukhulu.

Isivinini esikhulu kanye nokwenza imali ngokushesha: I-Thermoforming isikhunta singakhiqizwa ngokushesha kakhulu kunesikhunta sokujova. Ukubumba umjovo kuthatha isikhathi esiningi ngoba isikhunta sinezinhlangothi ezimbili futhi zenziwe ngezinto eziqinile njengensimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhunta se-thermoforming kulula ukuklama, ukwenza, nokulungisa.

Izinketho zokuklama: I-Thermoforming inezinzuzo ezimbalwa zokuklama nokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo. Imibala egqamile ingafakwa kumapulasitiki ane-thermoformed ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza. Eminye imisebenzi efana nokuphrinta, ukwenza isitenseli, ukudweba, ukuhluza usilika, nokunamathiswa nakho kungasetshenziswa ukudala ukuthungwa okuyingqayizivele kanye nokuqeda futhi kuthuthukise ukubukeka.

Ukuvumelana nezimo: I-Thermoform imiklamo isebenzisa isikhunta esiqondile esihlangothini olulodwa esenziwe ngezinto ezakheka kakhulu, okuvumela ukuguqulwa okusheshayo nokungabizi. Ngokuphambene, ukubumba umjovo kusebenzisa isikhunta esinezinhlangothi ezimbili ezenziwe ngezinto ezisindayo, okwenza amathuluzi abize kakhulu futhi adle isikhathi.

Kuyini umjovo udini?

Ukubumba umjovo kuyinqubo yokukhiqiza esebenzisa izinto ze-thermoplastic efomini leresin eshisayo ukuze kwakhe izingxenye ze-3D. Ukwakha umgodi we-3D womumo wengxenye oyifunayo, isikhunta esinezinhlangothi ezimbili siyahlanganiswa. Lokhu ithuluzi iphakela ipulasitiki eshisiwe ingene emgodini, ephola ibe yisimo esiqinile futhi ithathe umklamo ohlosiwe. Ingxenye ebunjiwe ikhishwa emshinini, futhi imisebenzi yesibili efana nokudweba kwendawo ingasetshenziswa ukuqeda ingxenye.

Izici zokubumba umjovo

Ikhono lokudala izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi: Ukubumba komjovo kuyinqubo evumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bakhe izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngezinga elikhethekile lemininingwane. Umfutho ophezulu osetshenziswa ekujovweni ukubumba inika amandla ukwakhiwa kwejometri eyinkimbinkimbi njengoba impahla iphoqelelwa ngokuqinile ngokumelene nendawo encane kakhulu. Inqubo yokubumba umjovo ingashintshwa ukuze yanelise izidingo ezithile ngokusetshenziswa kwesikhunta esinama-cavity amaningi.

ngokunemba High: Ukubumba komjovo kusebenzisa isikhunta esisebenzisekayo futhi esihlala isikhathi eside sokukhiqiza okuqhubekayo. Lezi isikhunta ingasetshenziswa kabusha iminyaka eminingi ukuze kuzuzwe ukunemba okuphezulu kokugijima kokukhiqiza okukhulu. Ukubumba umjovo kubaluleke kakhulu ezintweni eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezincane, neziyinkimbinkimbi ezidla isikhathi noma okunzima ukuzenza kusetshenziswa i-thermoforming noma ezinye izindlela.

Ukuvumelana nezimo: Nakuba ukubunjwa komjovo kubiza kakhulu kune-thermoforming yepulasitiki, imiklamo yesikhunta ingashintshwa ngesikhathi yokukhiqiza ukwehlisa izindleko zokukhiqiza. Ngokwenza umklamo ube lula, izindleko zingancishiswa ngezinga elithile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izindlela zokunciphisa izinto ezibonakalayo, ezifana nokufaka amakhora, ukusikeka ngaphansi, noma ukulungisa ama-mold akhona, nawo angasiza ukonga imali kumaphrojekthi amasha.

Ukusetshenziswa ngempumelelo kwezinto: Amazinga we-Material Scrap aphansi ekubunjweni komjovo. Inani lempahla ezosetshenziswa likalwa ngokunembile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi isikhunta sigcwaliswa ngenkathi sikhiqiza inani elincane lemfucuza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i- injected imikhiqizo ebunjiwe ingakalwa futhi idinga ukufakwa kwamathuluzi okuncane ngemuva kokususwa esikhunjeni.

Ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwe-thermoforming nokubunjwa komjovo

Umthamo wokukhiqiza ungasiza abakhiqizi banqume ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu kubo. Ipulasitiki i-thermoforming ifaneleka kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwevolumu ephansi nemaphakathi, kanti ukubumba umjovo kubiza kakhulu ekukhiqizeni ivolumu ephezulu. Lokhu ngokuyinhloko kungenxa yobunkimbinkimbi bamathuluzi kanye nomehluko wezindleko phakathi kwalezi zinqubo ezimbili. Nokho, lezi zinqubo ezimbili ngezinye izikhathi zingadlulela ngokwezidingo namakhono omkhiqizo, okwenza isinqumo sokugcina sibe nzima ukusenza.

Ithuluzi

Esigabeni sokusebenza kwe i-thermoforming, isikhunta se-3D esihlangothini olulodwa sakhiwe nge-polyurethane, ukhuni, noma i-aluminium. Ngokubumba umjovo, isikhunta se-3D esinezinhlangothi ezimbili sidalwa ngensimbi, i-aluminium, noma ingxubevange yethusi. Mayelana nesikhathi kanye nentengo, i-thermoforming inenzuzo ngaphezu kokubunjwa komjovo.

Umjikelezo wokukhiqiza

Isikhathi esijwayelekile sokusebenzisa i-thermoforming (ukwenza ingcindezi) amaviki angu-0 kuye kwayi-8, kanti ukukhiqizwa kokuqala kwenzeka phakathi namasonto amabili. Okokusebenza kwe umjovo ukubumba kuthatha amasonto ayi-12 kuya kwayi-16, kuze kufike kumaviki amane okukhiqiza. I-Thermoforming ingaba yindlela yokukhiqiza ekhethwayo uma kunesidingo.

Cost

Izindleko zamathuluzi ku-thermoforming ziphansi kakhulu kunezokubumba umjovo. Ingqikithi yezindleko zengxenye ye-thermoforming ingaphansi kwezingxenye ezi-3,000-5,000; nokho, ngaphezu kwalesi volumu, izindleko ngengxenye ngayinye yokubumba umjovo zinokuncintisana kakhulu. Kungakho umjovo ukubumba kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwenani elikhulu, kuyilapho i-thermoforming isetshenziselwa amanani amancane.

Zombili izindlela zithembekile futhi zikhiqiza imiphumela yekhwalithi ephezulu. Inketho engcono kakhulu yephrojekthi incike kakhulu ezidingweni zohlelo lokusebenza.

Material

Ku-thermoforming, izinto ezahlukahlukene zingasetshenziswa ukwenza ishidi eliyisicaba elibunjwa ukwenza umkhiqizo. I-Thermoforming iphinde ivumele abasebenzisi ukuthi benze ngezifiso imibala, ukuqedwa, nogqinsi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amapellets e-thermoplastic asetshenziswa ekubunjweni komjovo futhi eza ngezinto ezihlukene nemibala.

Izicelo ze-thermoforming

Ngenxa yokuguquguquka nokufinyeleleka kwayo, i-thermoforming isetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene. Isetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wezimoto ukwakha, phakathi kwezinye izinto, amadeshibhodi, amaphaneli angaphakathi, imigudu yomoya, nobhampa.

Ukwengeza, le nqubo isetshenziswa embonini ye-aerospace ukukhiqiza amaphaneli angaphakathi, izingxenye zezihlalo, imishini ye-galley, nesembozo samafasitela. I-Thermoforming ivamise ukusetshenziswa emikhakheni yezokwakha kanye neyezokwelapha kanye nokudala yonke into kusukela kumacala amathuluzi kuya kubuchwepheshe obusizayo kuye kumishini yokuxilonga neyokuthwebula izithombe.

Izicelo zokubumba umjovo

Injection ukubumba ivame ukusetshenziswa embonini yezokwakha ukwenza izinto zokubopha, amathuluzi ezandla, izingidi zamafasitela, iminyango, izibambo, nezinye izesekeli zokwakha. Ibuye isetshenziswe embonini yezimoto kanye ne-aerospace ukwenza amalensi, amaphaneli, amagiya, nama-turbine blades. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yokudla ukukhiqiza amapulasitiki ebanga lokudla kanye isiphuzo ukupakisha. Iphinde isetshenziswe embonini yezokwelapha kanye nokukhiqiza izinto zokuxilonga, izingxenye ze-X-ray, nezinsiza zokuhlinza.

Iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu?

Ezimbonini ezithile, zombili izindlela zingasetshenziswa ukwenza izingxenye. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, enye indlela ingaba wusizo kakhulu. Ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono, umuntu kufanele ahlole izidingo zephrojekthi, ecabangela umugqa wesikhathi ohlongozwayo, izindleko, nezinto ezibonakalayo, phakathi kwezinye izici.