Izihlungi Zamanzi Ezidumile Zezempilo Ezindlini zase-US

Amanzi ayisici esibalulekile ukuze umuntu aphile. Kodwa, izinga lamanzi emakhaya akuqinisekisiwe ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngokukhula kokungcola nokungcoliswa kwemithombo yamanzi emhlabeni jikelele nase-US, sekubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi asekhaya aphephile ukusetshenziswa. 

Ngenxa yokuwohloka kwezimo zamanzi, isidingo sezihlungi zamanzi asekhaya siyenyuka. Ngakho-ke funda ukuze uhlole lezi zinkinga futhi uthole izinhlobo eziphezulu zezihlungi zamanzi zamanzi anempilo ekhaya.

Okuqukethwe
Izimo zamanzi zomhlaba wonke ezenza izihlungi zamanzi zibe nesidingo
Izimo zamanzi zase-US eziqhuba isidingo sezihlungi zamanzi
Ukukhula kwemakethe yezihlungi zamanzi asekhaya
Izihlungi zamanzi ezidume kakhulu ezitholakala emakhaya
Izinzuzo zokubeka izihlungi zamanzi

Izimo zamanzi zomhlaba wonke ezenza izihlungi zamanzi zibe nesidingo

Ngokombiko othile ka-2023 we-United Nations University’s Institute for Water, Environment and Health Access, cishe abantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-5.5 emhlabeni wonke abanawo ukuphepha kwamanzi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amanzi azo awaphephile ukuthi angawaphuza. Naphezu kwezimo zamanzi ezimbi emhlabeni wonke, ukugxila kwethu lapha kukhwalithi yamanzi e-United States.

Izimo zamanzi zase-US eziqhuba isidingo sezihlungi zamanzi

Naphezu kokusebenzisa izinqubo zokuphatha amanzi aphephile, amanzi ase-US angcolile. I-US Geological Survey eyodwa ithole izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezi-12,000 zezinto ze-alkyl (PFAS) ezingama-45% ku-XNUMX% wamanzi ampompi kulo lonke izwe. I-PFAS yaziwa ngokuthi amakhemikhali angunaphakade, okungaba nomthelela omubi empilweni yomuntu.

Ngaphandle kwe-PFAS, abakhiqizi bamanzi bathengisa izihlungi zamanzi eziklanyelwe ukwelapha ezinye izinto eziyingozi. Ngokususa noma ukwelapha ukungcola okufana nezinto eziqinile ezincibilikisiwe, amagciwane, nama-microorganisms, izihlungi zamanzi zikwenza kuphephe ukuphuza amanzi ezindaweni eziningi.

Ngenxa yamanzi angcolile, abantu abaningi bafuna izindlela zokunciphisa izingozi zempilo. Esinye sezixazululo zabo ukuhlola izihlungi zamanzi zasendlini ukuze uthole amanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile.

Ukukhula kwemakethe yezihlungi zamanzi asekhaya

INyakatho Melika iqukethe i-US neCanada. Usayizi wemakethe wezihlungi zamanzi asekhaya kulawa mazwe wema cishe ku-USD 2.09 billion ngo-2022. Ucwaningo luphinde lubikezele ukuthi le makethe izokhula ngesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esihlanganisiwe esingu-7.4% (CAGR) kusuka ngo-2022 kuya ku-2030.

Ukwengeza, ukusesha kwamagama angukhiye kubonisa ukuthandwa kwemikhiqizo eminingi. Izikhangiso ze-Google zibonisa ukuthi abantu benze ukusesha okuphakathi kuka-368,000 kwezihlungi zamanzi. Le volumu yokusesha inyuke isuka ku-368,000 ngoMeyi 2023 yaya ku-450,000 ngo-Okthoba 2023, ushintsho lwama-22,28%. Sekukonke, imininingwane efana nalena iwusizo ekusizeni abahlinzeki ukuba baqonde isidingo semakethe.

Izihlungi zamanzi ezidume kakhulu ezitholakala emakhaya

Isigaba esilandelayo sihlola izinhlobo ezahlukene zezihlungi kanye nentshisekelo yokusesha kule mikhiqizo. Abafundi bangaphinda balandele izixhumanisi ukuze babone izibonelo zalezi zibonelo zokuhlunga amanzi.

Hlehlisa izihlungi ze-osmosis

A reverse osmosis isihlungi samanzi ihlehlisa ukugeleza kwamanzi, iwadlulise kulwelwesi ukuze lucwenge amanzi. Njengoba amanzi enyakaza olwelwesini olungenakunyakaziswa, asusa ukungcola okuningi okungafunwa. Lokhu kungcola kuhlanganisa amagciwane, amagciwane, kanye ne-protozoa.

Isistimu yokuhlunga amanzi ye-osmosis ehlehlayo iyasebenza futhi ekususeni ukungcola kwamakhemikhali njengezinsimbi ezisindayo ne-fluoride. Ukwengeza, izihlungi zasekhaya ze-osmosis zingakwazi susa kuze kufike ku-94% yePFSAs.

Iningi izinhlelo zasekhaya reverse osmosis sebenzisa amanzi amaningi ohlelweni lokuhlanza, unciphise umfutho wamanzi. Kodwa-ke, izinga eliphezulu lokusetshenziswa kwamanzi yingakho i-osmosis ehlehlayo ifaneleka njengesihlungi sompompi esikhundleni sesistimu yokuhlunga amanzi yendlu yonke. Ngenxa yezimfanelo eziningi ezinhle ze-reverse osmosis system, ithengiswa kakhulu, 

Ivolumu yokusesha Yezikhangiso ze-Google yezihlungi zamanzi e-osmosis ehlehlayo ibingu-74,000 ngoMeyi 2023. Ngenxa yentshisekelo ekhulayo, le miqulu yosesho ikhuphuke yafinyelela ku-110,000 ngo-Okthoba 2023, okubonisa ukukhuphuka okukhulu okungu-48,64%.

Izihlungi zamanzi ekhabhoni ezicushiwe

Izihlungi ze-carbon activated noma izihlungi ze-granular activated carbon (GAC) zisebenzisa isimiso esibizwa ngokuthi i-adsorption ukuhlanza amanzi. Njengoba izinhlayiya zidlula phezu kwekhabhoni esebenzayo, zinamathela kuyo, ziyivimbele ukuthi zingangeni emanzini okuphuza.

Lezi zihlungi zamanzi e-carbon zisusa izinto ezinjengamakhemikhali ezolimo, i-chlorine, i-hydrogen sulfide, i-magnesium, i-organic matter, ne-sediment. Ngeshwa, ukungcola okuyingozi njenge-nitrate namalahle akudonswa ikhabhoni, ngakho-ke kudlulela emanzini ompompi. Lesi sizathu yingakho ochwepheshe bencoma ukusebenzisa izihlungi zekhabhoni nezinye izindlela zokuhlunga amanzi.

Izihlungi zamanzi ezingaphansi kukasinki ziwusizo uma kunokungcoliswa kwamanzi edolobha elincane. Amasistimu okuhlunga amanzi endlu yonke angadingeka ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ukuhlanza amanzi ezihlahleni.

Ukusesha kwamagama angukhiye wokuhlunga kwe-Carbon kukhule kusuka ku-27,100 ngoMeyi 2023 kuya ku-33,100 ngo-Okthoba 2023. Ngokusho kwe-Google Ads, lokhu kubonisa ukukhula okunamandla okungu-22,14% esikhathini esifushane esiyizinyanga eziyisithupha. 

Izihlungi zamanzi ze-Ultraviolet (UV).

I-Ultraviolet noma amasistimu okuhlunga amanzi e-UV asebenzisa amaza okukhanya e-UV ahlukahlukene ukuze abhubhise amagciwane namagciwane. Njengoba lezi zingcolisi eziyingozi zidlula ekukhanyeni, ziyakuncela, okugcine kucekele phansi i-DNA yazo. I Isistimu yokuhlunga amanzi e-UV ayibhubhisi konke ukungcola, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuyisebenzisa nezinye izinhlelo zokuhlunga.

Amaleveli entshisekelo kumagama angukhiye wesihlanzi samanzi e-UV ahlala engashintshile phakathi kukaMeyi no-Okthoba 2023, okuphakathi kokusesha okungu-12,100 nyanga zonke, ngokuya Ngezikhangiso ze-Google.

ION izihlungi zokushintshanisa

Ubuchwepheshe bokushintshana nge-ion busebenzisa okuqukethwe okungashintsha ama-ion kundaba ethile. Zaziwa nangokuthi izithambisa amanzi, izihlungi zamanzi ze-ion exchange ingasusa izinto eziyingozi njengezinsimbi ezisindayo, i-manganese, insimbi, nama-nitrate.

Lezi zihlungi zamanzi zingahle futhi zenzelwe ukususa i-sulfate, i-arsenic, i-selenium, i-chromium, kanye nenani elithile le-radioactivity. Njengezinye izihlungi zamanzi, lezi kufanele zisetshenziswe nezinye njengoba zingawaqedi amagciwane, amagciwane, noma i-protozoa.

Imiqulu yosesho yezikhangiso ze-Google ayizange ishintshe kakhulu kokuthi “ION izihlungi zamanzi zokushintshanisa” phakathi kukaMeyi no-Okthoba 2023. Lezi zilinganiso zosesho zenza isilinganiso esingu-1,600 nyanga zonke, okubonisa isithakazelo esizinzile kulolu hlobo lwesihlungi samanzi.

Izihlungi zamanzi zemishini

Lezi zinhlobo zokuhlunga amanzi zingaba namandla aphezulu futhi zibe yinkimbinkimbi, zisebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene ukuhlanza amanzi. Izihlungi zamanzi eziyimishini nazo zingcono ukuthi zisetshenziswe njengezindlela zokuhlunga ngaphambilini njengoba zisusa izinhlayiya ezinkulu ekugelezeni kwamanzi. Isibonelo, le nqubo yokuhlunga amanzi isusa izinto eziphilayo, ubumba, intlenga, isihlabathi, udaka, nesikali esixegayo. Nokho, izihlungi zamanzi eziyimishini ayatholakala ngezihlungi ze-cartridge sediment, izihlungi zemidiya eyodwa, nezihlungi ze-multimedia. Ngokuya ngekhwalithi, bangasusa ukungcola okuncane njengamakhemikhali namagciwane.

Ngokusho kwe-Google Ads, ivolumu yokusesha "yezihlungi zamanzi zemishini" yehle ngo-23,80% kusukela ngoMeyi 2023 kuya ku-Okthoba 2023. Isilinganiso somthamo wokusesha ngoNovemba 2023 sasingu-260, okubonisa intshisekelo ephansi kule mishini yokuhlunga amanzi ebiza kakhulu. 

Izinzuzo zokubeka izihlungi zamanzi

Amakhasimende angakwazi ukuqoqa ama-oda aphesheya kwezinga eliphezulu ezinhlobo ezahlukene zezihlungi zamanzi. Imakethe yesihlungi samanzi e-osmosis idumile kodwa inezinzuzo zayo kanye nezinkinga zayo.

Ngokufanayo, isihlungi samanzi semishini ye-niche noma izimakethe zokuhlunga amanzi ze-ION zokushintshana zinamaphuzu angeziwe kanye nokubi. Uma kungenjalo, abahlinzeki bangakwazi ukuqoqa izihlungi zamanzi ezihlukahlukene ukuze bahlinzekele uhla lwabathengi. 

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izimakethe ofisa ukuzisebenzisa, abahlinzeki bethu bangakusiza uthuthukise ukuthengisa kwakho. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi futhi uhlole uhla lwe amanzi okukhethwa kukho kokuhlunga, yiya ku Chovm.com umbukiso.