E-California, ukwanda kokukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa embonini yamandla, ikakhulukazi evela kuhulumeni, eminyakeni yamuva nje kunciphisa inqubekelaphambili eyenziwe emkhakheni wezokuthutha, futhi kusongela izinjongo zombuso jikelele, ngokusho kwe-15th I-California Green Innovation Index yonyaka, ekhishwe inhlangano engenzi nzuzo i-Next 10 engenzi nzuzo futhi ilungiswe yi-Beacon Economics.
ICalifornia isebenze kanzima ukuqeda umnotho wayo ekushisweni kwezinto ezimbiwa phansi, okuholele ekutheni kube nokuphuma okuncane kwe-capita ngayinye e-United States, kodwa igesi ebamba ukushisa yonyaka yeqa ngamaphesenti angama-3.4 ngonyaka ka-2021, okuwumphumela wokuqubuka kwalolu bhubhane, ngokusho kwemininingwane yakamuva evela eCalifornia Air Resources Board (CARB). Isilinganiso sokuqala esivela ejensi sibonisa ukuthi ukukhishwa kukahulumeni kwaqala ukwehla futhi ngo-2022, kodwa ukukhishwa kwe-2021 kwahlala ku-121.3 MMTCO.2e ngaphezu kokuhlosiwe kuka-2030 okucishe kube ngu-260 MMTCO2e.
Ukwanda kokukhishwa kwegesi kulandela lo bhubhane kwenza kube nzima kakhulu eCalifornia ukufeza izinhloso zayo zesimo sezulu ngesikhathi. Eqinisweni, singase singemuva kakhulu kunalokho abantu abaningi abakucabangayo. Uma ubheka i-trajectory kusukela ngo-2010, i-California ngeke ihlangabezane nomgomo wethu wesimo sezulu wango-2030 kuze kube ngu-2047. Sidinga ukuphinda kathathu izinga lenqubekelaphambili ye-decarbonization unyaka ngamunye ukuze sifinyelele lokho okuhlosiwe.
-F. U-Noel Perry, Umsunguli we-Next 10
Imizamo yokuthuthukisa amandla kagesi avuselelekayo kanye nezakhiwo nezimoto ezingakhishelwa ngaphandle kuzomele isheshiswe ukuze kufezwe umgomo wombuso wokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwesisi esingcolisa umoya ngama-40% ngaphansi kwamazinga ka-1990 ngo-2030, ngokombiko omusha. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nalelo qophelo, i-California izodinga ukuphinda kathathu izinga lokuncishiswa kwekhabhoni okwenziwe kusukela ngo-2010—kusuka esilinganisweni sangempela sokwehliswa konyaka esingaba ngu-1.5% ngonyaka siye cishe ku-4.6% ngonyaka, ngokokuhlaziywa kwedatha ye-CARB yi-Beacon Economics. Lelo phesenti lingase libe phezulu nakakhulu njengoba idatha yokukhipha ka-2023 ingakatholakali.
Ukukhishwa okuvela emkhakheni wezokuthutha - okuhlanganisa cishe u-40% wekhabhoni yombuso - kukhuphuke ngo-7.4% ukusuka ngo-2020 kuya ku-2021 kulandela ukuncishiswa kwemikhawulo yokuhamba ngobhubhane. Kodwa sekukonke, ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa ezimotweni zabagibeli, amaloli athwala kanzima, nezinye izimoto bekungaphansi ngo-10% ngo-2021 uma kuqhathaniswa no-2019. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi umbuso wenza inqubekelaphambili enkulu ukunqamula umthombo waso omkhulukazi wokungcola. Ukukhishwa kwegesi ezimotweni ezithwala kanzima bekulokhu kwehle njalo ngonyaka kusukela ngo-2018, okuholele ekwehleni ngo-14.1% ngo-2021 uma kuqhathaniswa nalowo nyaka.
Ukwamukelwa kwezimoto ezikhipha i-Zero-emission manje sekusezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu e-California, okubalelwa engxenyeni yesine yokuthengiswa kwezimoto ezintsha ngo-2023. Ukuthengiswa kwezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ezilula ezilula kuzo zonke izigaba kukhuphuke ngo-61.7% ngo-2022 uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule, futhi umbuso wahlangabezana nomgomo waso ka-2025 we-1.5 million ZEVs onroad ukuthengiswa eminyakeni emibili ekuqaleni kuka-April 2023 ekuqaleni kuka-April. 25.6% ngokwesilinganiso ngonyaka kusukela ngo-2018 kuya ku-2023), i-California isendleleni yokufeza umgomo ka-2030 wama-ZEV ayizigidi ezi-5 ngonyaka owodwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi esimisiwe.
Izakhiwo nazo ziya ngokuya zihlanzeka, ikakhulukazi ngokwamukelwa kwamaphampu okushisa kagesi, izitofu zokungeniswa, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle okwehlisa isidingo segesi yezinto ezimbiwa phansi. Ukukhishwa okuvela emikhakheni yezohwebo neyokuhlala kwehle cishe ngo-4.5% no-4.4%, ngokulandelana, ngo-2021 uma kuqhathaniswa namazinga angaphambi kobhubhane ngo-2019. Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi ukukhishwa kwezindawo zokuhlala kwehla (-2.3%), ukukhishwa kwezentengiso kukhuphuke kusuka ku-2020 kuya ku-2021 (+3.7%), njengokulindelwe ubhubhane.
Ukuphehlwa kukagesi kuhlangabezane nokwanda okukhulu kwesisi esingcolisa umoya phakathi kwayo yonke imikhakha yezomnotho kusukela ngo-2019 kuya ku-2021, kweqa ngo-3.5%. Lokhu kudalwe ukwanda okukhulu kwesisi esiphuma kugesi esiphehla ugesi, esikhuphuke ngo-10.3% phakathi kuka-2019 no-2021. Naphezu kwalokhu kunyuka, ngoFebhuwari 2024, i-California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) yamukele umgomo obaluleke kakhulu wokuqeda i-carbon umkhakha kagesi, idinga ukukhishwa kwe-58% okumbalwa uma kuqhathaniswa no-2035.
I-Beacon Economics ilinganisela ukuthi ukuze kufinyelelwe lokhu okuhlosiwe, i-California kumele yehlise ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni yamandla ngesilinganiso esingu-6.3% minyaka yonke phakathi kuka-2021 no-2035—cishe ngokuphindwe kabili isilinganiso sokwehla esimaphakathi sonyaka esingu-3.5% esibonwe kusukela ngo-2011 kuya ku-2021. 4.8.
Nakuba i-California ihamba ngendlela efanele ngezindlela eziningi, ukukhiqizwa kukagesi ovuselelekayo kufanele kwande kakhulu eminyakeni ezayo ukuze kufinyelelwe umgomo wombuso. Ukuze sihlangabezane nezinjongo zethu ezizayo zama-50% kagesi ovela emithonjeni evuselelekayo ngo-2026, sidinga ukuphinda kabili ijubane elengeza okufanelekile okuvuselelekayo kwe-RPS kungxube yethu yamandla, ukusuka ku-4.3% ngonyaka ukuya ku-8.7% ngonyaka.
-Stafford Nichols, uMphathi Wocwaningo kwaBeacon Economics
Ukwengeza, amaphrojekthi amasha ezimbonini zelanga nomoya akuthola kunzima ukuxhuma kugridi ngenxa yokuthi izintambo eziningi zokudlulisa sezivele zinamandla noma azixhumeki ekufakweni kwamandla avuselelekayo. Iphrojekthi ejwayelekile eyakhiwa ngo-2022 yathatha iminyaka emihlanu kusukela ekucelweni kokuxhumana kuya ekusebenzeni kwezentengiso, uma kuqhathaniswa neminyaka emithathu ngo-2015 nangaphansi kweminyaka emibili ngo-2008.
I-California ibilokhu ihamba phambili ku-solar ophahleni lwase-US amashumi eminyaka, kodwa izinguquko zakamuva ku-CPUC ezihlobene nesinxephezelo sokukhiqizwa kwelanga zinciphise kakhulu ukufakwa kwamaphaneli okuhlala. Umbuso unokufakwa kwezigidi ezingu-1.8 okukwazi ukukhiqiza isamba esingaphezu kuka-15 gigawatts (GW) endaweni ephakeme kakhulu, kodwa izinsiza zibone ukwehla kwe-66% kuya ku-83% kwezicelo zokuhlala ezixhumene nophahla lwelanga ezinyangeni ezinhlanu ngemuva kokuba imithetho emisha iqale ukusebenza ngo-April 2023. Uma kuqhathaniswa, i-solar 18.2 yaseCalifornia yayiyi-solar-scale. 2021.
Okunye okutholakele okubalulekile:
- Ingqikithi yokukhishwa kwe-GHG eCalifornia inyuke ngo-3.4% isuka ngo-2020 yaya ku-2021, eyayisephansi ngo-5.7% kunezinga langaphambi kobhubhane ngo-2019.
- Kube nokwehla okuphawulekayo ekusetshenzisweni kwegesi yemvelo engeyona ekagesi, eyehle ngo-3.4% kusukela ngo-2016 kuya ku-2021-lokhu kwehla kuye kwaqedwa kakhulu ngenxa yokwanda kokwamukelwa kwamandla avuselelekayo.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwegesi yemvelo okungewona ugesi eCalifornia kwakusengaphezulu ngo-24.4% kunokusetshenziswa kukagesi ngo-2021 futhi amafutha ezinsalela akha iningi lamandla asetshenziswa eCalifornia, okubalelwa ku-69.2%.
- Izitshalo zikasimende zaseCalifornia zenza amaphesenti amabili okukhishwa kwekhabhoni ezweni lonke kanye namaphesenti acishe abe yi-10 okukhishwa kwezimboni.
- Nakuba izitshalo zikasimende zaseCalifornia zisebenza kahle kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwe-perton kunesitshalo esivamile saseMelika, zikhipha i-CO eningi.2e ngethani likasimende kunezitshalo ezisemhlabeni wonke. Isibonelo, zikhipha cishe u-33% ngaphezu kwezitshalo zaseShayina naseNdiya. Ukwamukelwa ngokushesha kwezinye izinqubo kanye nobuchwepheshe bokwenza ukukhiqizwa kukasimende kungabi nekhabhoni eningi kakhulu kunganciphisa ukukhishwa kukasimende e-California kuze kufike ku-24% ngo-2035 uma kuqhathaniswa nebhizinisi njengenjwayelo.
Umthombo ovela I-Green Car Congress
Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Ulwazi olubekwe ngenhla lunikezwa i-greencarcongress.com ngaphandle kwe-Chovm.com. I-Chovm.com ayenzi izethulo namawaranti mayelana nekhwalithi nokuthembeka komdayisi nemikhiqizo.
