Indawo yezinsizakalo zokuphrinta ze-3D iyindawo ethokozisayo yokuqamba izinto ezintsha, ubuhlakani, kanye nobuchwepheshe. Lezi zinsizakalo akuzona nje izimboni eziguqulayo; bachaza kabusha imvelo yokuklama nokukhiqiza. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ubunkimbinkimbi bezinsizakalo zokuphrinta ze-3D, ukuthi zisebenza kanjani, izinhlelo zokusebenza zazo, nokunye okuningi ukuze sinikeze ukuqonda okuphelele kwalobu buchwepheshe obudala.
Okuqukethwe:
- Iyini isevisi yokuphrinta ye-3D?
- Izinsiza zokuphrinta ze-3D zisebenza kanjani?
- Ungazisebenzisa kanjani izinkonzo zokuphrinta ze-3D
– Ibiza malini isevisi yokuphrinta ye-3D?
- Izinsizakalo zokuphrinta ze-3D eziphezulu
Iyini isevisi yokuphrinta ye-3D?
Isevisi yokuphrinta ye-3D isho inqubo yokudala izinto ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu ukusuka kufayela ledijithali usebenzisa iphrinta ye-3D. Lezi zinsizakalo sezidume kakhulu ngenxa yekhono lazo lokukhiqiza izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokunemba okuphezulu okungaba nzima, noma kungenzeki, ukufeza ngezindlela zokukhiqiza ezivamile. Kusukela ku-prototyping kuya ekukhiqizweni komkhiqizo wokugcina, izinsizakalo zokuphrinta ze-3D zinikeza isixazululo esiguquguqukayo kuyo yonke imikhakha eyahlukene okuhlanganisa eyezimoto, i-aerospace, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, nemfashini.
Ubuhle bezinsizakalo zokuphrinta ze-3D busekushintsheni kwazo. Abasebenzisi bangakwazi ukwenza izinto ngendlela oyifisayo ngokwezicaciso zabo eziqondile, bakwenze kube ukukhetha okuhle kwamaphrojekthi abhekiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhuthaza inqubo yokukhiqiza esimeme ngokunciphisa udoti. Ngokwakha izinto ungqimba ngongqimba, inani elidingekayo kuphela lezinto ezisetshenziswayo, linciphisa ngokweqile futhi likhuthaze ukusebenza kahle.
Asebenza kanjani amasevisi wokuphrinta we-3D?
Inqubo yokuphrinta ye-3D iqala ngemodeli yedijithali, ngokuvamile eyenziwa ku-software ye-Computer-Aided Design (CAD). Le modeli ibe isiguqulelwa kufomethi yefayela ledijithali iphrinta ye-3D engakwazi ukuyihumusha. Ifomethi yefayela esetshenziswa kakhulu yi-STL (stereolithography), ehlukanisa imodeli ibe izendlalelo iphrinta engakwazi ukuzakha ngokulandelana.
Kunobuchwepheshe obuningi obusetshenziswa ekuphrinteni kwe-3D, okuhlanganisa i-Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), i-Stereolithography (SLA), kanye ne-Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), phakathi kobunye. I-FDM isebenza ngokuncibilikisa intambo yepulasitiki bese iyikhipha isendlalelo ngongqimba ukuze yakhe into. I-SLA isebenzisa i-laser ukwelapha inhlaka ewuketshezi ibe yifomu eliqinile, kuyilapho i-SLS ihlanganisa izinhlayiya eziyimpushana ndawonye zisebenzisa i-laser. Ubuchwepheshe obunye bunezinzuzo ezihlukile futhi bukhethwa ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zomsebenzi wokuphrinta.
Ungazisebenzisa kanjani izinkonzo zokuphrinta ze-3D
Ukusebenzisa isevisi yokuphrinta ye-3D ngokuvamile kuhilela izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile. Okokuqala, udinga ukudizayina noma uthole imodeli ye-3D yento ofisa ukuyiphrinta. Amapulatifomu ahlukahlukene aku-inthanethi anikezela ngamamodeli alandekayo, noma ungazidalela eyakho usebenzisa isoftware ye-CAD. Okulandelayo, khetha isevisi yokuphrinta ye-3D efanele ehambisana nezidingo zakho, ucabangele izici ezifana nohlobo lobuchwepheshe bokuphrinta, izinketho zezinto ezibonakalayo, nesikhathi sokushintsha.
Uma usukhethile isevisi, uzolayisha imodeli yakho yedijithali endaweni yabo. Ezinye izinsiza zinikeza izingcaphuno ezisheshayo ezisuselwe kubunkimbinkimbi bemodeli, usayizi, nezinto ezikhethiwe. Ngemva kokuqinisekisa imininingwane nokwenza inkokhelo, inqubo yokuphrinta iqala. Lapho sekuqediwe, into izocutshungulwa ngemva kwalokho uma kunesidingo (isibonelo, ukususa izakhiwo zokusekela noma ukuqedwa kwendawo) bese ithunyelwa kuwe.
Ibiza malini isevisi yokuphrinta ye-3D?
Izindleko zezinsizakalo zokuphrinta ze-3D zingahluka kakhulu kuye ngezinto ezimbalwa, kufaka phakathi ubukhulu nobunkimbinkimbi bento, uhlobo lwezinto ezisetshenzisiwe, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuphrinta obukhethiwe. Izinto ezincane, ezilula zingabiza kancane njengamadola ambalwa, kuyilapho izinto ezinkulu, eziyinkimbinkimbi zingabiza amakhulu noma izinkulungwane zamaRandi.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto kudlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni izindleko. Amapulasitiki avamile afana ne-ABS noma i-PLA ngokuvamile athengeka kakhudlwana, kuyilapho izinto ezikhethekile ezifana nezintambo eziguquguqukayo noma izimpushana zensimbi zingakhuphula intengo. Ukwengeza, ukulungiswa kokuphrinta kanye nesidingo sokucutshungulwa kwangemuva nakho kungathinta izindleko zizonke.
Izinsizakalo zokuphrinta ze-3D eziphezulu
Izinsizakalo ezimbalwa eziphezulu zokuphrinta ze-3D zizenzele igama embonini, zinikeza uhla lobuchwepheshe nezinto zokwakha ukubhekelela izidingo ezahlukahlukene. I-Shapeways idume ngokukhethwa kwayo kwezinto eziningi kanye nokuphrinta kwebanga lochwepheshe. I-Sculpteo inikeza ukukhiqizwa okusheshayo kanye nesiteji esisebenziseka kalula, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuhle kwabaqalayo nabachwepheshe ngokufanayo. Ngaleso sikhathi, ama-Protolabs aziwa nge-prototyping yawo enesivinini esikhulu kanye nezinsizakalo zokukhiqiza ezidingeka kakhulu, ehlinzeka ngoshintsho olungenamthungo ukusuka ku-prototype kuye ekukhiqizeni.
Isiphetho: Izinsizakalo zokuphrinta ze-3D zishintsha indlela esicabanga ngayo ngokukhiqiza nokuklama. Ngokunikeza ukuguquguquka okungenakuqhathaniswa, ukunemba, nokusebenza kahle, bavula amathuba amasha kubadali nezimboni emhlabeni wonke. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumklami, unjiniyela, noma isazi sokuzilibazisa, oqonda ukuthi lawa masevisi asebenza kanjani kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaba khona zingavula umhlaba wokuqamba izinto ezintsha nokudala.
