Abakhiqizi Bemishini Yepulasitiki Ehamba Phambili

Ipulasitiki isiyingxenye yempilo yethu njengoba ungabona imikhiqizo eminingi kangaka eyenziwe ngale nto. Okwenza amapulasitiki abe impahla engcono kunezinye njengensimbi ukuthi ayabiza, aguquguqukayo, angagaywa kabusha, futhi angenziwa ngemibala ehlukene. Isidingo sokudla neminye imikhiqizo yabathengi si zikhula usuku nosuku. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo semikhiqizo yokupakisha, abakhiqizi abaningi bemishini yepulasitiki abavela ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomhlaba beze emakethe. Ezinye zalezi zinkampani zinikeza ngisho nesiqinisekiso seminyaka embalwa ngemikhiqizo yazo. 

Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka abakhiqizi bemishini yepulasitiki abahamba phambili emhlabeni. Ukwengeza, sizomba sijule esidingweni, isabelo semakethe, kanye nezinga lokukhula elilindelekile lomkhakha wepulasitiki.

Okuqukethwe
Uhlolojikelele lwemakethe yemboni yepulasitiki
Izinhlobo zemishini yokwenza ipulasitiki
Abakhiqizi bemishini yepulasitiki ehamba phambili
Isiphetho

Uhlolojikelele lwemakethe yemboni yepulasitiki

Amandla amakhulu okushayela kwesidingo semikhiqizo yepulasitiki isidingo esisabalele sezinto zokupakisha. 

Kusukela ngo-2022, imakethe yepulasitiki yalinganiselwa ku-USD 457.73 billion, okuwukunyuka kusuka ku-USD 439.28 billion emuva ngo-2021. Lesi sibalo kulindeleke ukuthi sifinyelele. I-USD 643.37 billion ngo-2029, okukhombisa i-CAGR ka-5.0% ngesikhathi sokubikezela. Ezezimoto, eze-electronics & zikagesi, nezokwakha ziyizimboni ezimbalwa nje ezisebenzisa ipulasitiki ephezulu okuholela ekukhuleni kwemakethe yepulasitiki yomhlaba. 

I-Japan ingelinye lamazwe anezinga elingaphezu kwesilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki. Kukholakala ukuthi iJapan izoba namathani acishe abe yizigidi eziyisishiyagalombili emfucumfucu yepulasitiki ngonyaka owodwa, ikakhulukazi olwandle. Amanye amazwe asebenzisa ipulasitiki ephezulu ahlanganisa iBrazil, Germany, USA, kanye neChina.

Izinhlobo zemishini yokwenza ipulasitiki

1. Umshini wokubumba umjovo wePlastiki

Lokhu umshini isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni imikhiqizo yepulasitiki ngenqubo yokubumba umjovo. Inezingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko; iyunithi yokubopha kanye neyunithi yomjovo. Lo mshini uhlukaniswa ngokohlobo lwezinhlelo zokushayela ezisetshenziswayo—imishini, i-hydraulic, kagesi, noma ihybrid. 

Umshini wokuqala wokubumba umjovo wawunelungelo lobunikazi ngo-1872, ngakho-ke ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziswe eminyakeni edlule buye bathuthuka kakhulu. Kusukela ngo-2020, isabelo sayo semakethe yomhlaba wonke sasilinganiselwa ku-USD 10.3 billion. Kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ku-CAGR ka-3.6%. I-USD 12.3 billion by 2025. 

2. Plastic extrusion machine

Yasungulwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, i- umshini we-plastic extrusion iguqula ipulasitiki eluhlaza ibe iphrofayili eqhubekayo. Inqubo ye-extrusion ikhiqiza izinto ezifana ne-thermoplastic coatings kanye nokufakwa kwezintambo. Kukhona ezintathu eziyinhloko imishini yepulasitiki extrusion: ama-extruder enqama, izikulufu ezizodwa, nezikulufu eziningi.

Imakethe yomhlaba wonke yemishini yokukhipha ipulasitiki ngo-2021 yalinganiselwa ku-USD 6.05 billion. Kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ku-CAGR ka-4.7% eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo ukuze ifinyelele inani lama-USD 8.12 billion. 

3. Umshini wokubumba wepulasitiki

Umqondo wokuqhunyiswa kwengilazi wazala umshini wokuqala wokufutha wepulasitiki ngo-1938. A umshini wokubhoboza wepulasitiki yakha izimo zepulasitiki ezingenalutho. Izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokubumba i-blow zifaka i-injection blow blowing, i-extrusion blow molding, kanye ne-injection stretch blow blowing.

Ukwethulwa kobuchwepheshe obuphambili kwenze imishini yokubumba i-plastic blow yasebenza kahle, ngaleyo ndlela yanda ngokulingana kwesidingo somhlaba wonke. Imakethe yalo mshini inenani elilinganiselwe lemakethe ye I-USD 4.65 billion ngo-2020. Kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele ku-USD 6.87 billion ngo-2030, nge-CAGR ka-3.8%. 

4. I-Thermoforming

Umshini wokuqala we-thermoforming wawunelungelo lobunikazi ngeminyaka yama-40s. Lokhu umshini kushisisa ishidi lepulasitiki ukuze kwakheke umumo othize esikhunjeni bese lisinquma libe umkhiqizo osebenzisekayo. Izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-thermoforming zihlanganisa ukwakhiwa kwengcindezi kanye nokwakhiwa kwe-vacuum. 

Le mishini isukela kokulula kuye kuye I-automated imishini ye-thermoforming ekwazi ukupakisha imikhiqizo emaphaketheni aguquguqukayo noma aqinile. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke ukubumba noma ukuvala iziqukathi. Usayizi wemakethe kulindeleke ukuthi ufinyelele I-USD 1.4 billion ngo-2032, nge-CAGR ehlongozwayo engu-4.3%. 

5. Ukubumba okujikelezayo

Indlela yokuqala ezungezayo yayinelungelo lobunikazi ngo-1855 eBrithani. Lokhu umshini ubumba amapulasitiki abe yizimo ezingenalutho. Inqubo ihilela isikhunta esishisayo esigcwaliswa ngokushaja okujikelezayo ukuze kuthambise impahla ukuze ihlakazeke, ngaleyo ndlela inamathele ezindongeni zesikhunta ngenkathi yakha ingxenye engenalutho.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukuthengiswa kwemishini yokubumba ejikelezayo kuyanda emhlabeni jikelele. Imakethe ilinganiselwa ku USD 890 wezigidi ngo-2022. Kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ku-CAGR ka-2.9% ukuze ifinyelele ku-USD 1 billion phakathi kuka-2022 no-2029.

Abakhiqizi bemishini yepulasitiki ehamba phambili

Laba ngabakhiqizi bemishini yepulasitiki abahamba phambili emhlabeni jikelele:

1. I-ARBURG

Lena yinkampani yaseJalimane ekhiqiza umshini eyasungulwa ngo-1923. Iphakathi kwezimboni ezihamba phambili emhlabeni wonke ezikhiqiza imishini yokubumba yomjovo wepulasitiki eyi-hydraulic kanye nezinhlelo ze-turnkey. Inezindawo ezingama-33 emazweni angama-25, inesiteshi esikhulu sokukhiqiza eLossburg.

I-Allrounder iwuhlu oluyinhloko lokubumba umjovo oluhlinzeka ngezinketho zomshini ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa imishini eyi-hybrid kanye nokubunjwa kwe-cube. Le nkampani futhi ihlinzeka ngabakhethi kanye nezinhlelo zamarobhothi eziqondile. Imali engenayo elinganiselwe ye-ARBURG ingu USD 7.5 wezigidi njalo ngonyaka.

2. I-Haitian International

Isekelwe e-Asia, Iqembu laseHaiti linezinkampani ezimbili ezisohlwini (i-Ningbo Haitian Precision Industry kanye ne-Haitian International Holdings). Yasungulwa ngo-1966 ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuguquguquka kwemishini yabasebenzisi ekukhiqizeni. 

Lo mkhiqizi uhlinzeka kokubili ngemishini ye-hydraulic kanye nemikhiqizo kagesi. Njengoba ingomunye wabakhiqizi abahamba phambili bemishini yokubumba yepulasitiki, isungule imishini ehlome ngezobuchwepheshe enikeza abasebenzisi umkhawulo obanzi wokuncintisana.

I-Haitian International ibika ukuthi kusukela ngo-2021, ukuthengiswa kwayo kufinyelele ku-RMB 16 billion, okukhuphuke ngo-35.7% uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule.

3. I-Guangdong Yizumi Precision Machinery

Le nkampani ikhiqize imikhiqizo yayo e-Foshan, e-China, kusukela ngo-2002. Njengenkampani ehlanganisiwe esungulwe, ikhiqiza imishini yokubumba umjovo, imishini yokubumba umjovo wenjoloba, imishini yokukhipha ukufa, amasistimu okupakisha anesivinini esikhulu, kanye nezinhlelo ezididiyelwe zamarobhothi.

Le nkampani inazo zombili izimakethe zasekhaya neziphesheya kwemikhiqizo yayo. Kanjalo, njengamanje inemali engenayo ye USD 548 wezigidi.

4. Husky Umjovo Molding Systems

Le nhlangano yomhlaba wonke yasungulwa ngo-1953, nendlunkulu yayo yokukhiqiza eCanada. Iziteshi zokukhiqiza ezengeziwe zise-USA, Switzerland, Luxembourg, China, kanye ne-Czech Republic. Iphinde ibe nezikhungo ezintathu zobuchwepheshe eShanghai, Japan, naseLuxembourg. 

Inkampani ihlinzeka ngemishini nezinhlelo ezikhiqiza imikhiqizo yezokwelapha, ukupakisha iziphuzo, neminye imikhiqizo yabathengi. I-Husky inikeza ukuhlela kwefekthri, ukuhlanganiswa kwesistimu, nokuphathwa kwempahla ngendlela efanele kumasevisi wokwengeza inani. Inesilinganiso semali engenayo yonyaka USD 8.6 wezigidi nge-2021.

5. Iqembu le-Chen Hsong

Le nkampani yemishini izinze eHong Kong, eChina. Izikhungo zayo eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza, ucwaningo, nentuthuko ziseChen Hsong Industrial Park eShenzhen, eChina. Ezinye izinsiza kusebenza zitholakala eNingbo, Taoyuan, naseTaiwan.

Njengoba yasungulwa ngo-1958, ibe ngomunye wabakhiqizi abakhulu bemishini yokubumba umjovo emhlabeni. Lokhu kulandela ukuqhubeka nokuphishekela izinto ezintsha kanye nokufakwa kwezobuchwepheshe ezinqubweni zabo zokukhiqiza. Okwamanje inesilinganiso semali engenayo USD 367 wezigidi.

6. I-Dow Chemical

Le yinkampani yaseMelika yamazwe ngamazwe ekomkhulu layo eMidland, eMichigan. Isebenza ngokukhethekile ekukhiqizeni amapulasitiki, amakhemikhali, okokugqoka, ama-catalysts, kanye nemikhiqizo yezolimo. Ibalwa kakhulu phakathi kwabahlinzeki bezinhlaka ze-polyethylene (PE) abahamba phambili emhlabeni jikelele. Futhi ingumkhiqizi omkhulu we-polyalkylene glycols ne-chlorine.

I-Dow Chemical isebenza ku ngaphezu kwe-160 cama-outries. Ngo-2018, ibinemali engenayo elinganiselwa ku-USD 60.278 billion, okuyibeka ku-radar yomhlaba wonke. 

Iphakathi kwezinkampani ezitshale imali emikhiqizweni esekwe kwezobuchwepheshe ezibe nomthelela omkhulu kweminye imikhakha emikhulu njengokupakisha, ezokuthutha, ezolimo, ezokwakha, nokunakekelwa kwabathengi.

7. I-Sumitomo Demag

I-Bavaria, eJalimane, yilapho i-Sumitomo Demag inekomkhulu layo. Le nkampani inezitshalo ezine ezitholakala eJalimane, eChina naseJapan. Bakha umshini wabo wokuqala wokubumba umjovo onesikulufu ngo-1956. Phakathi neminyaka edlule, baye bathuthukisa ubuchwepheshe babo, futhi manje benza imishini yokubumba esebenza ngogesi eyi-hydraulic kanye ne-hybrid injection.

Ukwengeza, i-Demag inikeza izinhlelo zamarobhothi zokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwemishini kukonke. Esinye sezitshalo e-Thuringian Wiehe sisebenza ngokukhethekile ekukhiqizeni imishini yokubumba yomjovo kagesi esebenza kahle kakhulu yosayizi omncane.

Imali engenayo yenkampani ngo-2021 yalinganiselwa ukuthi EUR 808 million. Ukwenyuka ngo-17.4% kusuka ku-EUR 688 million ngo-2020. 

8. Ingelosi

I-Engel Group yasungulwa ngo-1945 futhi yenza imishini yokubumba umjovo wepulasitiki. Le nkampani inezindawo zokukhiqiza eziyisishiyagalolunye, nekomkhulu layo liseSchwertberg, e-Austria. 

Imishini yokubumba umjovo yomibili imodeli kagesi kanye ne-hydraulic. Inkampani futhi inikeza izixazululo ezihlukahlukene ze-turnkey. Ububanzi bezinqubo zokubumba umjovo ochwepheshe bufanelana nezinto ezahlukahlukene, ngaleyo ndlela kuhlukanise ukukhiqizwa kwepulasitiki.

I-Engel ibalwa phakathi kwabakhiqizi abakhulu emhlabeni bemishini yokubumba umjovo. Kubikwa ukuthi inkampani iqophe imali engenayo ye I-USD 1.5 billion onyakeni wezimali ka-2021/2022. 

9. KraussMaffei

I-KraussMaffei ibilokhu isebenza kusukela ngo-1838. Indlunkulu itholakala eMunich. Le nkampani iphakathi kwabakhiqizi abahamba phambili emhlabeni bezinhlelo nemishini ekhiqiza irabha nepulasitiki.

Baye baqinisekisa ukuhluka okubandakanya ukuqamba okusha okuqinile ohlwini lwabo lwemikhiqizo. Ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu buye baqashwa emshinini wokubumba umjovo, we-extrusion kanye nenqubo yokusabela. 

Le nkampani ibhekelela abathengi abasezimbonini zezimoto, zokupakisha, ezokwakha, nezokwelashwa. Lokhu kuqinisekise inkampani imali engenayo elinganiselwe I-USD 1 billion.

10. Nissei Technology Corporation

I-Nissei Group yasungulwa ngo-1923 futhi kamuva yahlanganiswa ngo-1957. Ikomkhulu layo lihlala e-Kobe, eJapane. Izingxenye zokusebenza zihlanganisa i-Japan, i-Asia, ne-United States. Inkampani ikakhulukazi iklama izingxenye zepulasitiki ezinembile kakhulu nemishini yokubumba. 

Phakathi kwemikhiqizo kukhona nemishini yokubumba evundlile, eqondile nekhethekile.

Baphinde banikeze izinhlelo zokusekela ukubumba kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula ikhwalithi ukwenza izinqubo zokukhiqiza ipulasitiki zisebenze kahle. Inkampani ikakhulukazi ibhekelela izimboni zikagesi nezezimoto. 

Le nkampani inenzuzo ye JPY 49.65 billion, okubangelwa ukukhiqizwa nokudayiswa kwemishini yokubumba umjovo kanye nemishini yangaphandle.

Isiphetho

Imishini yepulasitiki inikeza umthengi izinto ezihlukahlukene kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yepulasitiki. Abanye bangakhiqiza imikhiqizo elula kuya kweyinkimbinkimbi engabizi kakhulu futhi ehambisana nemvelo. Ekugcineni, umthengi ufuna imishini ehlangabezana nezidingo zabo kanye nezidingo zokusebenza. Ukuze uthole lolu hlobo lwemishini, vakashela Chovm.com.