I-Toshiba Corporation isungule indlela yokuvuselela i-lithium-ion battery oxide anode ngezindleko eziphansi kanye nomthelela ophansi kwezemvelo. Umthetho Webhethri we-EU, oqale ukusebenza ngo-Agasti 2023, ugunyaza ukumenyezelwa kwezinyathelo ze-carbon footprint (CFP) kanye namazinga aphezulu okucatshangelwa kwemvelo kuwo wonke umjikelezo wempilo yomkhiqizo, okudinga impendulo esheshayo evela ezinkampanini emhlabeni jikelele. I-Toshiba ithuthukise indlela yokuvuselela eqondile eyenza ukugaywa kabusha kwamandla aphezulu, amabhethri e-oxyde anode lithium-ion yempilo ende ngenqubo elula yokwelapha ukushisa, futhi ibonise ukusebenza kahle kwale ndlela.
Indlela iphakamisa izici zezinto ezisebenzayo ze-oxide ezinezinhlaka zekristalu ezinzile, futhi isebenzisa ukugaywa kabusha okuqondile, okubuyisela izinto ezisebenzayo njengoba zinjalo futhi ngaphandle kokuzibuyisela entweni yamakhemikhali. Izinto ezisebenzayo zimbozwe eshidini lensimbi elincane elibizwa ngokuthi i-foil yokuqoqa yamanje. Le ndlela yokugaywa kabusha isebenzisa ukuzinza kwesakhiwo sempahla esebenzayo futhi inike amandla okokusebenza okusebenzayo ukuthi kuhlukaniswe kucwecwe lamanje lokuqoqa le-electrode engalungile kuleso simo ngokwenza ukwelashwa okulula kokushisa.
Ngenxa yokuthi ukwakheka kwezinto ezisebenzayo kuzinzile, asikho isidingo sezinqubo zokuvuselela eziyinkimbinkimbi, ngaleyo ndlela kuvumela ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwezinto ezisebenzayo ngezindleko eziphansi. Ukwengeza, uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela ezivamile zokuvuselela ama-electrode, indlela ingenziwa emazingeni okushisa aphansi, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe umthelela wendawo. Eqhathanisa izinto ezigaywe kabusha kusetshenziswa le ndlela nezinto ezingakasetshenziswa ezingakaze zisetshenziswe, u-Toshiba ulinganisela ukuncipha okungafika ku-85% ku-carbon footprint (CFP).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Toshiba usebenzise le ndlela kumabhethri e-anode e-niobium titanium (NTO) athuthukiswe yinkampani. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamabhethri enziwe ngama-electrode agaywe kabusha kwaqinisekisa ukuthi ama-electrode agcina amandla angaphezu kuka-97%, uma kuqhathaniswa nama-electrode amasha. Amabhethri nawo akhombisa impilo ende efanayo namabhethri amasha.
Le miphumela ishicilelwe kujenali Izinto Ezisimeme Nobuchwepheshe.
Isendlalelo. Ukugaywa kabusha kwezinto ze-cathode eziqukethe i-cobalt ne-nickel kuye kwathuthuka ngenxa yesidingo esikhulayo, kodwa ukugaywa kabusha kwe-graphite, into evamile ye-lithium-ion yebhethri ye-anode, ayikathuthuki ngenxa yobunzima bezinqubo ezidingekayo zokuvuselelwa kabusha, okuvela ekushintsheni kwesakhiwo kanye nokuwohloka ngemva kokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, okuveza izinselele ezinkulu zezindleko.
Kodwa-ke, njengama-cathode, ama-anode ane-CFP eqondile futhi kunesidingo sokunciphisa lokhu ngokugaywa kabusha, okubangela isidingo sokwakhiwa kwendlela elula yokugaywa kabusha. I-Toshiba ithuthukise amabhethri ane-oxide anode afanele izimoto zezentengiselwano okulindeleke ukuthi zifakwe ugesi esikhathini esizayo, enikeza amandla aphakeme nempilo ende kunamabhethri ane-graphite anode. I-Toshiba isungule indlela yokuvuselela esebenzisa izici ze-oxide anode, okulula ukuzisebenzisa kabusha uma kuqhathaniswa ne-graphite.
Ekusebenziseni kabusha izinto ezisebenzayo zamabhethri, kunezindlela ezifana nokugaywa kabusha okuqondile, okusebenzisa kabusha okokusebenza okusebenzayo ngenkathi kugcinwa ukwakheka kwakho, nezindlela eziphinda zihlanganise izinto ezisebenzayo ngemva kokuzephula zibe izakhi zazo futhi zizibuyisele. Ukugaywa kabusha okubandakanya ukwephula izinto ezisebenzayo kuze kufike kuzakhi zamakhemikhali kudinga amandla ukuze kuphinde kuhlanganiswe ukuze kusetshenziswe, kuyilapho ukugaywa kabusha okuqondile akudingi ukuhlanganiswa kabusha, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa kokubili izindleko nomthelela wendawo, okukhuthaze ucwaningo nentuthuko eminyakeni yamuva nje.
Izici zobuchwepheshe. Ngenxa yalezi zidingo, i-Toshiba ithuthukise ubuchwepheshe bokubuyisela kabusha obuqondile bamandla aphezulu, amabhethri e-oxyde anode yempilo ende. Lobu buchwepheshe buqinisekisiwe ukuze buhlukanise into esebenzayo kusukela ku-foil yamanje yokuqoqa yama-electrode e-oxide anode ngenkathi kugcinwa ukwakheka kanye nezakhiwo zezinto ezisebenzayo, ngaleyo ndlela kuvumela ukusetshenziswa kabusha okuqondile.
Ukugcina ukuqina kwesakhiwo sezinto ezisebenzayo phakathi nenqubo yokugaywa kabusha kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ukugaywa kabusha okuqondile. Phakathi kwezinto ze-oxide anode, i-niobium titanium oxide (NTO) anode eyakhiwe u-Toshiba inokwakheka kwezinto ezisebenzayo ezinzile. Esebenzisa lesi sici, u-Toshiba uthuthukise indlela lapho ukwelashwa kokushisa kubola ingxenye ye-binder ebopha i-NTO ngaphakathi kwe-anode, okuvumela ukukhumula ku-foil yamanje yokuqoqa kanye nokuhlukaniswa kalula nokululama.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndlela ivumela ukucutshungulwa kumazinga okushisa aphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nokwelashwa okushisa okuvame ukusetshenziswa ekugayweni kabusha kwama-electrode, futhi okokusebenza okutholiwe kungasetshenziswa kabusha ngokuqondile ngemva kokukhipha ukungcola.
U-Toshiba ukhiqize ama-electrodes esebenzisa i-NTO aphinde agaywa kabusha emfucumfucwini oyingisiwe okhiqizwa ngesikhathi sezinqubo zokukhiqiza amabhethri kanye nakumabhethri anokonakala okulingiswayo kuze kube sekufeni kwawo. Ngemva kokuhlola ukusebenza kwawo kumabhethri, kwaqinisekiswa ukuthi umthamo wezinto ezisebenzayo, inkomba yokusebenza kwezinto ezisebenzayo, ugcina ukusebenza okungaphezu kuka-97%, uma kuqhathaniswa nebhethri elisha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwaqinisekiswa ukuthi ngisho nangemva kokushajwa nokushajwa okuphindaphindiwe, lawa mabhethri agaywe kabusha agcina amandla alingana namabhethri amasha, aqinisekisa impilo ende.
Intuthuko yesikhathi esizayo. Okokuqala, i-Toshiba izogxila ekusunguleni izindlela zokuvuselela kabusha eziqondise izinto ezilahlwayo ezifana nezinsalela zama-electrode ezikhiqizwa ezimbonini. Uma sibheka phambili esigabeni lapho amabhethri asetshenzisiwe eqoqwa emakethe, i-Toshiba ihlose ukusungula uhlaka lokufaka izinto ezigaywe kabusha emikhiqizweni futhi ithuthukise uhlelo lokuphinda lugaywe kabusha ukuze kubuyiselwe futhi kusetshenziswe kabusha amaseli e-NTO anode avela emakethe.
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