Ultimate Umhlahlandlela Wokukhetha Iphampu Yamanzi Ene-Solar Engcono Kakhulu Ngezinga Lokugeleza Elilungile

Uhlelo lwephampu yamanzi esebenza ngelanga lusebenza ngokumunca amandla emisebeni yelanga nokusebenzisa lawo mandla ukumpompa amanzi ukuze asetshenziswe ezolimo noma ekhaya. Ukwamukelwa okwandisiwe kwalolu hlelo olusha lokumpompa amanzi emakhaya nabalimi bendawo kwezinye izifunda zase-Afrika (njengeKenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Morocco, Sudan, njll), kanye namapulazi amakhulu aseYurophu nawaseMelika kudala amathuba engeziwe emakethe yephampu yamanzi elanga. 

Ngo-2019, imakethe yephampu yelanga yalinganiselwa ku-US $ 1.21 billion emhlabeni jikelele futhi isilungele ukukhula US $ 2.05 billion ngo-2027, okuzoba yisilinganiso sokukhula konyaka okuhlanganisiwe (CAGR) sika-6.8% kusukela ngo-2020 kuya ku-2027. Amazwe amaningi adala ukuqwashisa ngokwamukelwa kwamandla emithonjeni evuselelekayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe imvelo eluhlaza futhi unciphise imilobo yekhabhoni. 

Ukusetshenziswa okwengeziwe kwamaphampu amanzi asebenza ngelanga kuzonciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 namagesi abamba ukushisa, futhi kuzosiza ukuvimbela ukushisa kakhulu komhlaba. Isidingo samaphampu angaphansi kwe-solar submersible kanye namaphampu elanga ahlakaniphile siyakhula, futhi ngezinga abasafufusa ngalo ama-agropreneurs amasha, imakethe izoqhubeka ikhula ibe nkulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Funda ukuze ufunde mayelana namaphampu amanzi anamandla elanga anesilinganiso esihle sokugeleza nokuthi ungakhetha kanjani iphampu yamanzi esebenza ngelanga engcono kakhulu yokudayisa.

Okuqukethwe
Liyini izinga lokugeleza kwephampu?
Izinto ezithinta izinga lokugeleza kwephampu
Izinhlobo ezi-5 ezihlukene zamaphampu amanzi asebenza ngelanga anamazinga amahle okugeleza
Isiphetho

Liyini izinga lokugeleza kwephampu?

Izinga lokugeleza kwephampu isilinganiso senani loketshezi olulethwa yiphampu phakathi nesikhathi esinikeziwe. Izinga lokugeleza liyisici esibalulekile okufanele icatshangelwe lapho ukhetha isistimu yokumpompa njengoba inquma inani loketshezi olungakhiqizwa ngesikhathi esithile. Ikalwa ngama-cubic metres/ihora (m3/h), amalitha/umzuzu (L/min), noma amalitha/isekhondi (L/sec). 

Amasistimu okumpompa anikezwa izinga elithile lokugeleza, futhi lawa manani arekhodiwe ngokuvamile ayisilinganiso esiphezulu sokugeleza komkhiqizo. Umkhiqizo ngamunye wepompo yelanga uhlolwa okubalulekile ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima ezivumela ukuhlolwa komthamo wawo omkhulu. Lokhu kuhlolwa yikhona okusiza abakhiqizi ukuthi bafunde ngokusebenza kahle kanye namandla ephampu.

Amaphampu elanga ahamba kakhulu abhekana nezinselelo zamanzi emazweni asathuthuka. Ukunganeli kwezinhlelo zamanzi ezisebenzayo kwamanye amazwe e-Afrika kudala ithuba lokusebenzisa amaphampu elanga ngezinhloso zasekhaya. 

Amakhaya ase-Afrika manje amukela izinhlelo zokupompoza, njengoba eqhubeka nokuba yisisombululo samanzi esisebenzayo, esivumelana nemvelo, futhi esingabizi kakhulu. Kenya okwamanje inephesenti eliphezulu kakhulu ama-off-grid solar pump systems e-Afrika. Kodwa emazweni athuthukile njenge-US, amaphampu elanga asetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izinjongo zezolimo (njengokuchelela emapulazini).

Izinto ezithinta izinga lokugeleza kwephampu

Amazinga okugeleza athintwa izici ezimbalwa ezifana nomthambeka wezwe, izimo zezulu, usayizi wephampu, ukusebenza kahle kwepompo, njll. Ngaphambi kokukhetha iphampu yamanzi esebenza ngelanga kunoma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza olukude cabangela amathiphu alandelayo.

1. Umthambeka wezwe

Ukuthungwa, ukuma, ukuhwalala, noma ubunjalo bezwe yikho okunquma ukuthi amanzi azohamba kanjani esuka phansi futhi adlule ngepayipi aye endaweni esemhlabeni. Imithambeka yomhlaba ngokuvamile ithinta isivinini sokugeleza kwamanzi - i-gradient ephezulu ibangela ukugeleza okuphezulu, kuyilapho i-gradient ephansi inciphisa isivinini sokugeleza kwamanzi. 

Ngokwesibonelo, umfula owehla entabeni ngokuvamile uyashesha, kodwa isivinini samanzi siyehla kakhulu lapho egeleza endaweni eqondile noma eyisicaba. Ngakho-ke, ukuthambeka kwemigudu yamanzi kuthinta kakhulu izinga lokugeleza kwamanzi.

2. Izimo zezulu

Izimo zezulu zingenye yezinto ezibalulekile ezithonya izinga lokugeleza kwephampu. Esimeni sezulu esishisayo noma ezikhathini zemisebe yelanga ephezulu, amandla amaningi amuncwa ngamaphaneli elanga futhi asetshenziswe lapho kuphampulwa amanzi. 

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinsuku eziguqubele nezinsuku ezingashisi kangako zibangela ukugeleza okuphansi ngenxa yokungakwazi kwephaneli yelanga ukumunca amandla aphezulu. Ukumpompa okugeleza okuphezulu kufinyelelwa kangcono phakathi nezinsuku libalele.  

3. Ukusebenza kahle kwephampu 

Ukusebenza kahle kwepompo yamanzi elanga kusetshenziselwa ukunquma inani lamandla ipompo elidinga ukukhiqiza uketshezi. Ngayinye yalawa maphampu omthombo welanga aklanywe ngendlela ehlukile - ukusebenza kahle kweminye imishini kuphansi kuyilapho eminye iphezulu. 

Amaphampu asebenza kahle kancane adinga amandla engeziwe ukuze akhiphe amanzi anele. Ezimweni ezinjalo amandla ngokuvamile alahlekelwa ukushisa ngaphakathi kwesistimu. Amaphampu asebenza kahle kakhulu asebenzisa amandla amancane ukuze anikeze amanzi ngezinga elinikeziwe lokugeleza nokucindezela.

4. Ubukhulu bephampu

Lapho ukhetha iphampu yelanga yebhizinisi lakho, cabanga ukukhetha iphampu enkulu, ngoba usayizi wepompo unquma inani lamanzi elingalethwa yiphampu. Ngokungafani namaphampu amancane (anamapayipi amancane) amaphampu amakhulu ngokuvamile ahambisa uketshezi oluningi. 

Ukuzama ukupompa amanzi usebenzisa ipayipi elincane lepayipi noma amapayipi anama-kink noma avimbekile kungadala umfutho ongemuva, futhi umfutho ongemuva unciphisa ikhwalithi yoketshezi olungalenza lifinyelele komunye umkhawulo wepayipi. Lapho udonsa amanzi endaweni enciphile kudingeka amandla engeziwe ukuphoqa uketshezi ngembobo encane.

5. Amandla wehhashi wepompo

Kupompo yelanga, amandla ehhashi ahlobene nenani eliphakeme kakhulu lamaphaneli elanga uhlelo olungasebenza ngawo. Amaphampu amaningi ahamba kancane asekelwa ngamaphaneli amaningi njengoba adinga amandla amaningi ukuze asebenze kahle. 

Ngakho-ke, amandla aphezulu amahhashi akusho ukuthi uhlelo lwabo luzompompa amanzi amaningi ngokushesha. Ngenkathi uhlola amandla ehhashi ashiwo, futhi qinisekisa inani lesilinganiso sokugeleza. 

6. Izinga le-photovoltaic yelanga 

Izinhlelo ze-Photovoltaic nomthelela ekuguquleni izinga lokugeleza kwephampu yelanga. Lapho inani lamaseli e-PV liphakeme, amandla amuncwa ayanda, okusho ukuthi amandla engeziwe ayaguqulwa. Lokhu kuzokwandisa ngokuzenzakalelayo izinga lokugeleza, okusho ukuthi kukhona amandla amaningi atholakalayo okumpompa amanzi.

Nakuba amaphampu e-solar powered echibini ane-PVs eningi ye-solar awadali njalo izinga lokugeleza okuphezulu, amaphampu amaningi asebenza kahle elanga afika nama-PV amaningi ukuze andise ukumuncwa kwawo kwamandla, kodwa futhi kukhona inani elikhulu lokulahlekelwa kwamandla ohlelweni. Ukuthenga amaphampu angasebenzi kahle ngama-PV amaningi kungase kube ukumosha imali, ngoba asikho isiqinisekiso sokugeleza okuphezulu.

Izinhlobo ezi-5 ezihlukene zamaphampu amanzi asebenza ngelanga anamazinga amahle okugeleza

1. Iphampu yamanzi esebenza ngelanga engaphansi kwamanzi

La manzi asebenza ngelanga Ipump isiza ekuphathweni kwamanzi nasekuniseleni emapulazini nasezingadini. Iza nesethi yezici ezimangalisayo, ezihlanganisa uzibuthe unomphela we-DC brushless synchronous motor, i-stainless steel pump shaft, i-double bear, i-alloy mechanical seal, isilawuli se-MPPT, nokuningi. 

Izici:

• Ubukhulu. ukugeleza: 6,000 amalitha ngehora
• Ubukhulu. ikhanda: 56 m
• Amandla: 750 W
• Unomphela uzibuthe DC brushless motor synchronous

Inani: $ 150.00 - $ 199.00

buhle:

• Anti-dry run ukuvikela
• I-voltage, yamanje, ukuvikelwa kwamandla
• Insimbi engagqwali futha shaft
• Ukuzala kabili; motor base isebenza kangcono ngaphansi kwengcindezi axial ngaphezulu
• I-alloy mechanical seal
• Unempilo ende yokusebenza nokuthembeka okuphezulu
• Isivikelo sokushoda kwamanzi esihlakaniphile
• Isilawuli se-MPPT

bawo:

• Idinga ukuqapha okuseduze 
• Ifuna ukunakekelwa 
• Kuncike esimweni sezulu

2. Iphampu ye-borehole yepulasitiki

Lena i-high-flow DC solar submersible iphampu ye-borehole enamamotho asebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nesilawuli sokusebenza seMPPT. Umkhiqizo unombukiso wedijithali wamandla, i-voltage, yamanje, isivinini, nokunye. Lolu wuhlobo oludumile lwephampu yamanzi yasepulazini esebenza ngelanga futhi lungasetshenziswa nasezingadini, emakhaya nasezindaweni zezimboni.

Ngemva kokufakwa, amaphaneli athola amandla ngemisebe yelanga futhi asebenzise amandla ukumpompa amanzi. Izisetshenziswa zithembekile, ziyasebenza, futhi zihambisana nenkonzo yamakhasimende enhle.

Izici:

• Iphampu yelanga engenabhulashi ene-plastic impeller 
• Izinga lokugeleza lifika kumalitha angama-67 ngomzuzu
• I-Inlet ne-outlet: ithusi noma i-iron cast 
• Ukuvikela i-voltage ephezulu/ephansi, ukuvikela okungaphezulu kwamanje/ kokugcwala ngokweqile
• Ukuboniswa kwedijithali kwamandla, wamanje, ugesi, isivinini, nezinye izimo zokusebenza 

Inani: $ 86.00 - $ 90.20

buhle:

• Injini esebenza kahle kakhulu enozibuthe baphakade
• Inesicelo esikhulu: ukuchelela emapulazini, izingadi, ukusetshenziswa kwasekhaya, ukusetshenziswa komphakathi kanye nezimboni
• Isebenza emanzini asogwadule kanye nokudonsa amanzi omthombo ojulile
• Unempilo ende yokusebenza nokuthembeka okuphezulu
• Isilawuli somsebenzi we-MPPT
• Ukunikeza ukwesekwa kokuthengisa kwangaphambili kanye nangemuva kokuthengisa

bawo:

• Uhlelo luncike emazingeni emisebe yelanga
• Ingozi yokwebiwa kwamaphaneli

3. Iphampu yesolar enengcindezi ephezulu

Lezi zinga lokugeleza okuphezulu amaphampu amanzi centrifugal zenzelwe ukuletha ukusebenza kahle okusezingeni eliphezulu. Nge-rotor yayo enembayo ephezulu, i-bearing, kanye nezilawuli zokucindezela, ungonga okuningi ngonyaka ngokwezindleko zamandla. 

Iphampu inesicelo esikhulu futhi ingasetshenziselwa ukuchelela emapulazini, ukuhlinzeka ngamanzi asezintabeni, ukuphuza amanzi angaphansi komhlaba, kanye nokuhlinzeka ngamanzi asekhaya.

Izici:

• I-rotor enembayo ephezulu  
• Ukunemba ukunemba
• Yonke imiklamo yocingo lwethusi
• I-impeller yezinto ezihlukene 
• Ukuphakamisa okuphansi nokugeleza okukhulu, kulungele ukuchelela
• Iwaranti: Unyaka we-1

Inani: $ 106.00

buhle:

• ukuqeqesheka High 
• Isebenza kakhulu: ukuchelela emapulazini, ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi asezintabeni, amanzi angaphansi komhlaba kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi asekhaya
• Isebenza emanzini asogwadule kanye nokungena kwamanzi esistimu yomthombo ojulile
• Isetshenziselwa i-low-viscosity fluid 

bawo:

• Ingenawo amandla okumunca (isebenzisa ukuzungezisa)
• Idinga ukulungiswa 
• Ukusebenza okuphansi ukuya kokumaphakathi
• Kuncike esimweni sezulu

4. Izinga lokugeleza okuphezulu kwephampu ye-solar DC

La mandla elanga aphezulu Ipump iza nezici ezihlukile ezihlanganisa ukumelana nokugqwala, idizayini yensimbi engagqwali, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ukuqina, njll. Impompi yepompo, i-casing, inlet, nengxenye yokuphuma yepompo kanye ne-shaft zakhiwe ngensimbi engagqwali. 

Iphampu yelanga ihambisana nezinye izingxenye ezishintshayo kanye nezimpawu zemishini. Isilawuli se-MPPT sinika amandla ukusebenza okulula nokuphathwa kwesistimu. Le futha yekhwalithi ephezulu yensimbi engenasici ye-DC isetshenziswa kakhulu ukudlulisa uketshezi olunjengamanzi amaminerali, amanzi ahlanzekile, amanzi athambile, uwoyela omncane, njll.

Izici:

• Iphampu yelanga engenabhulashi ene-stainless steel impeller 
• Izinga lokugeleza lifika kumalitha angama-67 ngomzuzu
• I-Inlet ne-outlet: insimbi engagqwali
• Imoto: uzibuthe unomphela DC brushless motor
• Isilawuli se-MPPT 

Inani: $ 88.40 - $ 113.00

buhle:

• Inokumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu 
• Inesicelo esikhulu: ukusetshenziswa kwezolimo nekhaya
• Ukumelana okuhle kokugqwala 
• Ukuqina okuphezulu 
• Inikeza ukuhlanza okulula
• Isilawuli somsebenzi we-MPPT
• Ukunikeza ukwesekwa kokuthengisa kwangaphambili kanye nangemuva kokuthengisa

bawo:

• Kuncike esimweni sezulu 
• Amathuba okuchezuka kwe-shaft kanye nokudlidliza ngenxa yesisindo esiphezulu sensimbi

5. Iphampu yamanzi esebenza ngelanga eCentrifugal

I-DC brushless solar submersible amanzi epompo iyisixazululo sokuphakelwa kwamanzi esivumelana nemvelo, esifakwe injini kazibuthe ehlala njalo kanye nezinto zikagesi ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ezivumela ukusetshenziswa kahle kwamandla avela emvelweni.  

Iphampu ye-solar submersible ye-DC ihlelwe ukuthi ivumelane nesimo sezulu sanoma iyiphi indawo. Inomsebenzi omkhulu ohlanganisa, ukuphakelwa kwamanzi okuphuza naphilayo, ukuchelela engadini, ukuchelela ngenkasa kwezolimo, ukuphakelwa kwamanzi emfuyo, nemithombo.

Izici:

• Iphampu yelanga engenabhulashi ene-stainless steel impeller 
• Ubukhulu. ukugeleza: 1.0 - 68 m3 / ihora
• Imoto: DC motor
• I-100% yocingo lwethusi, ishidi lensimbi ye-silicon egoqelwe ngabandayo
• 304 insimbi engagqwali shaft, motor body, impeller
• Isilawuli esithuthukisiwe esinobuchwepheshe be-MPPT samandla aphezulu elanga
• Isikhathi sokuphila: iminyaka engu-8-10

Inani: $ 539

buhle:

• Ukunakekelwa kwemvelo
• Amandla aphezulu wokugcina amandla 
• Inesicelo esikhulu: ukusetshenziswa kwezolimo nekhaya
• Ukumelana nokugqwala nokugqwala 
• Ukuqina okuphezulu 
• Ubukhulu. izinga lokushisa eliphakathi lifinyelela ku +40ºC
• Ukufakwa kalula, ukunakekelwa-mahhala 
• Ukunikeza ukwesekwa kokuthengisa kwangaphambili kanye nangemuva kokuthengisa

bawo:

• Kuncike esimweni sezulu 
• Isisindo esikhulu
• Expensive 

Isiphetho

Ubuchwepheshe bephampu yamanzi esebenza ngelanga bungenisa izixazululo ezintsha zezolimo emhlabeni wonke, ikakhulukazi emazweni ase-Afrika. Lobu buchwepheshe manje buvumela imiphakathi yabalimi e-Afrika ukuthi inisele izitshalo zayo njalo ngonyaka. 

Ngayinye yalawa maphampu elanga ifakwe izici eziyingqayizivele ezigxile ekwethuleni izixazululo ezihambisana nezidingo zabasebenzisi bokugcina. Eminye yale mishini ihambisana nezinhlelo zesoftware ezithuthukisa ukusebenza kwazo nokusebenza kwazo. Bheka imikhiqizo ethile yabahlinzeki bephampu yamanzi esebenza ngelanga ku Chovm.com ukuthola izinketho ezisebenza kahle kakhulu.