Okuqukethwe
• Isingeniso
• Uhlolojikelele lwemakethe
• Izinhlobo nezici zazo
• Izinto okufanele uzicabangele lapho ukhetha imikhiqizo
• Isiphetho
Isingeniso
Izivalo ze-HDD zingamathuluzi abalulekile okuphathwa kwedatha yesimanje, anikeza isixazululo esisebenzayo sokuguqula amadrayivu angaphakathi abe yizinto eziphathwayo, zokugcina zangaphandle. Lezi zinto ezivalekile zithuthukisa ukufinyeleleka nokuphatheka kwedatha, zihlangabezana nezidingo ezikhulayo zezinketho zokulondoloza ezinokwethenjelwa neziguquguqukayo. Njengoba okuqukethwe kwedijithali nezidingo zokulondoloza idatha zikhula, izivalo ze-HDD zinikeza ukusekelwa okubalulekile kukho kokubili ukusetshenziswa komuntu siqu nokochwepheshe. Ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe okufana ne-USB 3.0 ne-Thunderbolt interfaces kuye kwakhulisa ukusetshenziswa kwazo nokusebenza kahle. Ukukhetha indawo evalekile ye-HDD kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphezulu, ukuqina, kanye nokuba lula ekuphathweni kwedatha.
Ukubukwa kwemakethe
Izinga lemakethe nokukhula
Imakethe evalekile ye-HDD engu-2.5-intshi njengamanje inenani lama-USD 24 billion ngo-2023 futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele ku-USD 150.6 billion ngo-2030, ngenani lokukhula elihlanganisiwe lonyaka (CAGR) lama-30% ukusuka ngo-2024 kuya ku-2030. Intuthuko ebalulekile yezobuchwepheshe efana ne-USB 3.0/3.1, Thunderbolt, ne-Type-C interfaces ithuthukise kakhulu ukuhambisana kanye nesivinini sokudlulisa idatha, okuqhubekisela phambili ukukhuliswa kwemakethe.
Amasheya emakethe kanye namandla
Ngokwemibiko yezimboni, izitayela ezinkulu emakethe zihlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezindawo ezivalekile eziphathwayo, ezihlala isikhathi eside, nezisebenza ngezindlela eziningi. Abathengi bafuna izixazululo zokugcina ezinokwethenjelwa nezivumelana nezimo ngenxa yokuduma kwamadivayisi amancane ekhompyutha afana namakhonsoli amageyimu namalaptop. Ukwengeza, ukwethulwa kwezindawo ezivalekile ezinezinjongo eziningi ezinezici ezinjengokuxhumeka kwe-USB-C, ukwesekwa kwe-RAID, namandla okufaka ikhompyutha ephathekayo kuya ngokuya kuba namandla. Imakethe futhi ibona ushintsho oluya ezindaweni ezivalekile ezihlanganisa isitoreji samafu, ezinikeza izixazululo ezisebenzayo zokungafuneki kwedatha nokufinyelela kude.
Amandla emakethe athonywa ukwanda okukhulayo kwendawo yonke yama-SSD nezixazululo zesitoreji samafu, okushayela abakhiqizi bezindawo ezivaliwe ukuthi basungule futhi banikeze izixazululo eziyingxube ezisekela womabili ama-HDD nama-SSD. Lokhu kusungula kuhlose ukulinganisa isivinini esikhulu nokuqina kwama-SSD nokufinyeleleka kanye nomthamo omkhulu wesitoreji wama-HDD endabuko. Izivalo ezine-Ethernet eyakhelwe ngaphakathi noma i-Wi-Fi ziya zivame kakhulu, zinikeza isipele sedatha engenamthungo emafini futhi kuvalwe igebe phakathi kwesitoreji esiphathekayo nokufinyeleleka kwamafu.
Izinhlobo nezici zazo
Ukuhambisana kosayizi
Izivalo ze-HDD zitholakala ngosayizi ababili abayinhloko: 2.5-intshi wamakhompuyutha aphathekayo kanye no-3.5-intshi wamadeskithophu. Izivalo ezingu-2.5-intshi zihlangene futhi ziyaphatheka, ngokuvamile zinikwa amandla nge-USB, okuzenza zilungele ukusetshenziswa ngeselula. Ngokuphambene, izivalo ezingu-3.5-intshi zinikeza umthamo omkhulu wesitoreji futhi ngokuvamile zidinga umthombo wamandla wangaphandle. Lezi zivalo ezinkulu zifanele ukusetshenziswa kwedeskithophu, lapho ukugcinwa kwedatha ephakeme kanye nesivinini sokufinyelela sidingeka.
Ukuhambisana kwesixhumi esibonakalayo
Ukuqonda ukuxhumana kwe-HDD yangaphakathi kubalulekile ekusebenzisaneni. Ama-HDD asebenzisa izixhumanisi ze-IDE noma ze-SATA, kanti i-SATA iyindinganiso evame kakhulu ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu. I-SATA III, isibonelo, inikeza izinga lokudluliswa kwedatha elifika ku-6 Gbps, ngokushesha kakhulu kunokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo se-IDE endala. Lapho ukhetha indawo ebiyelwe, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isekela isixhumi esibonakalayo esilungile kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza kahle.
I-USB nezinketho zokuxhuma
Ukukhethwa kwesixhumi esibonakalayo se-USB kuthinta ngokuqondile isivinini sokudlulisa idatha. I-USB 3.0 evalekile inikezela ngezilinganiso zokudlulisa ezifika ku-5 Gbps, kuyilapho i-USB 3.1 ne-USB 3.2 zingafinyelela kufikela ku-10 Gbps no-20 Gbps, ngokulandelana. Lokhu ukuthuthuka okukhulu ngaphezu kwe-USB 2.0, efinyelela ku-480 Mbps. Ukwengeza, izindawo ezivalekile ezinokwesekwa kwe-Thunderbolt 3 zinganikeza isivinini esingafika ku-40 Gbps, zizenze zifanelekele ukusetshenziswa kochwepheshe lapho ukudluliswa kwedatha okusheshayo kubalulekile. Ezinye izinketho zokuxhuma ezifana ne-eSATA ne-FireWire zinikeza ezinye izindlela zokusebenzisa izimo ezithile.
Inombolo yamatheku
Okuvalekile kuza ngokucushwa kwe-single-bay kanye ne-multi-bay. Izivalo ze-Single-bay ziqondile futhi zifanele abasebenzisi abaningi. I-Multi-bay enclosure, nokho, inikela ngezici ezithuthukile njenge-RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) ukucushwa. I-RAID 0 (i-striping) inyusa ukusebenza ngokuhlukanisa idatha kumadrayivu amaningi, kuyilapho i-RAID 1 (izibuko) inikeza ukuphindaphindeka ngokuphinda idatha kumadrayivu amabili. Amaleveli e-RAID athuthuke kakhulu, njenge-RAID 5 ne-RAID 10, anikeza ibhalansi yokusebenza nokungadingeki, okuhlinzekela abasebenzisi abanokuphepha okuphezulu kwedatha nezidingo zokusebenza.
Yakha izinga kanye nempahla
Impahla yendawo ebiyelwe ithinta ukuqina nokuphathwa kokushisa. Izivalo zensimbi, ikakhulukazi lezo ezenziwe nge-aluminiyamu, zinikezela ngokukhipha ukushisa okuphezulu, zivikela ukushayela ekushiseni ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa okunwetshiwe. I-Aluminium nayo iqinile kunepulasitiki, ihlinzeka ngokuvikeleka okungcono ekulimaleni ngokomzimba. Ezinye izindawo ezivalekile ezisezingeni eliphezulu zifaka amasistimu okupholisa akhelwe ngaphakathi, njengezifeni noma amasinki okushisa, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza okushisayo.
Izinto okufanele uzicabangele lapho ukhetha imikhiqizo
Usayizi nokuhambisana kwesixhumi esibonakalayo
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indawo ebiyelwe nge-HDD iyahambisana nosayizi kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo se-hard drive yangaphakathi kubalulekile. Isibonelo, indawo ebiyelwe engu-2.5-intshi ifanele amadrayivu aphathekayo, kuyilapho indawo ebiyelwe engu-3.5-intshi yakhelwe amadrayivu edeskithophu. Ukuhambisana kwesixhumi esibonakalayo kubaluleke ngokulinganayo; ama-HDD amaningi esimanje asebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo se-SATA, esisekela amanani okudlulisa idatha asheshayo uma kuqhathaniswa nesixhumi esibonakalayo se-IDE endala. Ukukhetha indawo ebiyelwe efanele kuqinisekisa ukulingana okufanele nokuxhumana okungenazihibe, okusiza ukudluliswa kwedatha okusebenzayo nokusebenza.
Ijubane lokudlulisa idatha
Isivinini lapho idatha idluliswa khona siyisici esibalulekile, ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa kochwepheshe. Izivalo ze-USB 3.0 zinconywa kakhulu njengoba zinikela ngezilinganiso zokudlulisa ezifika ku-5 Gbps, okushesha ngokuphindwe kashumi kune-USB 2.0. Ngezivinini ezishesha nakakhulu, cabangela izindawo ezivalekile ezisekela i-USB 3.1, USB 3.2, noma i-Thunderbolt, engahlinzeka ngezilinganiso zokudlulisa ezifika ku-40 Gbps. Isivinini sokudlulisa idatha esisheshayo sinciphisa izikhathi zokulinda, okwenza lezi zindawo ezivalekile zilungele imisebenzi ehlanganisa amafayela amakhulu noma ukufinyelela kwedatha okuvamile.
umthombo Power
Izidingo zamandla wendawo ebiyelwe kufanele zifane namandla wamandla okusetha. Ngokuvamile, izivalo ezingu-3.5-intshi zidinga umthombo wamandla wangaphandle ngenxa yezidingo zamandla eziphezulu zama-HDD edeskithophu. Ngokuphambene, izivalo ezingu-2.5-intshi zivame ukuba namandla ebhasi, okusho ukuthi zidonsa amandla ngokuqondile kuxhumo lwe-USB, okuthuthukisa ukuphatheka kwazo. Ukuqonda izidingo zamandla kuqinisekisa ukukhethwa kwendawo ebiyelwe ehambisana nesimo esihlosiwe sokusetshenziswa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi simile noma sihamba.
izici engeziwe
Izivalo ze-HDD zanamuhla zinikeza izici ezihlukahlukene ezengeziwe ezithuthukisa ukusebenza kwazo. Imiklamo engenamathuluzi ivumela ukufakwa kalula nokushintshashintsha kwedrayivu ngaphandle kwesidingo samathuluzi engeziwe. Usekelo lwe-RAID lungesinye isici esibalulekile, esihlinzeka ngezinketho zokuvikela idatha nokungabuyeki. Izivalo ezine-RAID eyakhelwe ngaphakathi zinganikeza ukulungiselelwa okufana ne-RAID 1 (isibuko) yokuvikela idatha noma i-RAID 0 (i-striping) ukuze uthole ukusebenza okwengeziwe. Ukuhlanganiswa nezixazululo zesitoreji samafu nakho kungaba yinzuzo, kuvumele izipele ezizenzakalelayo nokufinyelela okukude kudatha, kwengeze isendlalelo esengeziwe sokunethezeka nokuphepha.
Inani kanye nenani
Ukulinganisa isabelomali nezici ezidingekayo kubalulekile lapho ukhetha indawo ebiyelwe nge-HDD. Nakuba izivalo ze-USB 2.0 ngokuvamile zithengeka kakhudlwana, ukutshala imali ku-USB 3.0 noma indawo ebiyelwe ngaphezulu kungabaluleka ngesivinini esithuthukisiwe nokusebenza. Ukwengeza, ukuhlola isithunzi somkhiqizo nekhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo kunganikeza imininingwane ngokuqina nokuthembeka kwendawo ebiyelwe. Izivalo ze-Aluminium, ngokwesibonelo, zinikeza ukushabalaliswa kokushisa okungcono nokuqina uma kuqhathaniswa nepulasitiki, okubonisa intengo ephezulu yokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside.
Isiphetho
Ukukhetha indawo evalekile ye-HDD kubalulekile ukuze amabhizinisi aqinisekise ukuphathwa kahle kwedatha nokuphatheka okuthuthukisiwe. Indawo ebiyelwe efanele ihlinzeka ngokuhambisana okungenazihibe, ukudluliswa kwedatha okushesha kakhulu, nezixazululo zamandla aqinile, ezihlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukahlukene zomsebenzi. Izici ezengeziwe ezifana nokufakwa ngaphandle kwamathuluzi, ukwesekwa kwe-RAID, nokuhlanganiswa nesitoreji samafu kuthuthukisa ukusebenza nokuphepha kwedatha. Ukutshala imali endaweni ebiyelwe ngekhwalithi ye-HDD, enokucatshangelwa kosayizi, isixhumi esibonakalayo, kanye nekhwalithi yokwakha, kuqinisekisa ukwethembeka kwesikhathi eside nokusebenza okuhle, okuyenza ibe yingxenye ebalulekile yebhizinisi lesimanjemanje.
