I-Wall Murals: I-Transformative Art Yezangaphakathi Zanamuhla

Okuqukethwe
● Isingeniso
● Uhlolojikelele lwemakethe
● Izinhlobo ezahlukene nezici zazo
● Izinto okufanele uzicabangele lapho ukhetha imikhiqizo
● Isiphetho

Isingeniso

Imidwebo yasendongeni ichaza kabusha ukwakheka kwangaphakathi ngokunikeza indlela eguquguqukayo nenomthelela yokuguqula noma iyiphi indawo. Lezi zakhiwo zobuciko zithuthukisa kokubili izindawo zokuhlala nezohwebo, ziletha ubuciko kanye nobuhle obuyingqayizivele ezindongeni obungahlala bungabonakali. Ngoxhaxha lwemiklamo nezinto zokwakha, imidwebo yasezindongeni ibhekana nokuthandwa kwemiklamo ehlukahlukene, okuyenza ibe inketho enhle kakhulu ezinkampanini ezihlose ukwenza isitatimende esinesibindi. Njengoba isidingo sobuciko odongeni siqhubeka sikhuphuka, imidwebo yasezindongeni iphuma njengenketho yabantu abafuna ukuthuthukisa indawo yabo. Ikhono labo lokuhlanganisa ukusebenza nokugqama kubenza babe yimpahla ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kwesimanjemanje.

Ukubukwa kwemakethe

Izinga lemakethe nokukhula

Imboni yobuciko bodongeni emhlabeni wonke ihlanganisa izimpahla ezihlukahlukene, njengemidwebo yasendongeni yayibiza ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-61 ngo-2023 futhi ilinganiselwa ukuthi izokhuphukela ku-$118.79 billion ngo-2032 ngesilinganiso sokukhula esingu-8.12%. INyakatho Melika ihamba phambili kulo mkhakha ngenxa yentshisekelo yokuhlobisa ekhaya okwenziwe ngesandla, i-United States ibambe iqhaza elikhulu. Ukusebenza kwemakethe okuqinile endaweni kuphinde kusekelwe ukuthambekela okukhulayo kwemisebenzi yobuciko yomuntu siqu ekhanga kokubili amakhaya namabhizinisi.

Amathrendi okushayela

Imakethe ibhekene nokukhula ngenxa yentshisekelo ekhulayo yabathengi kuzinketho zobuciko bedijithali ezifana nokushintshashintsha kwezitayela zemiklamo yangaphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhula kwentuthuko yezohwebo neyokuhlala ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene kuholela esidingweni esikhulu semidwebo yasendongeni. Njengoba imindeni nezinkampani zibheke ukuthuthukisa izindawo zazo zasendlini, imidwebo yasendongeni iye yavela njengedumile ngoba ihlanganisa ukukhanga okubonakalayo nezingxenye zokuklama ezisebenzayo.

Imibono yesifunda

Ngokwezifunda, iNyakatho Melika ihamba phambili emakethe; nokho, ezinye izifunda nazo zibona ukuthambekela kokukhula okuphawulekayo kuvela. EYurophu, kunesidingo esikhulayo sezithombe zodonga eziqhutshwa ukwazisa ngobuciko nokuklama ngaphakathi kwesiko. Esifundeni sase-Asia Pacific, emazweni afana ne-China ne-India, kunokwanda kwemakethe yobuciko odongeni ngenxa yokukhula kwamadolobha kanye nokwanda kwezindawo zokuhlala nezohwebo. Njengoba lezi zimakethe ziqhubeka nokukhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inkundla yomhlaba wonke yezithombe zasezindongeni iguqukela ekubeni indawo ehlukahlukene futhi enokuncintisana.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene kanye nezici zabo

Imidwebo yezithombe

Imidwebo yokudweba yezithombe isidume kakhulu ngenxa yekhono layo lokubonisa izithombe ezinemininingwane ngekhwalithi ephezulu. Ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokunyathelisa zesimanjemanje, le midwebo yasezindongeni ingakwazi ukuphindaphinda ngokunembile izici eziyinkimbinkimbi kuze kufike ku-1200 DPI izinqumo, ilondoloze ukucijile nokucaca kuze kufike emininingwaneni emincane kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa koyinki okuncibilika ku-eco akugcini nje ngokucebisa umbala ogqamile, kuphinde kukhuphule ukuphila isikhathi eside, kwenze le mifanekiso yasodongeni imelane nokufiphala futhi ifanele izilungiselelo ezinethrafikhi yezinyawo ezinzima. Izinketho zokwenza ngendlela oyifisayo zivumela ukulungiswa kosayizi nokusikwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi le midwebo yasodongeni ingahlobisa ngaphandle komthungo noma yisiphi isikhala sodonga, kungaba okokusetha kwegumbi eligcwele noma njengendawo okugxilwe kuyo engxenyeni eyodwa yodonga.

Imidwebo yokudweba engabonakali

Imidwebo yasendongeni engabonakali idume ngemiklamo yayo eletha ukuthinta okujabulisayo ezindaweni zasendlini. Le misebenzi yobuciko ngokuvamile ihlanganisa izindlela ezipendwe ngesandla kanye nezindlela zedijithali ukudala ukubukeka okuthuthukisa ukujula nomuzwa wegumbi. Ngokusebenzisa i-pigments ekwazi ukumelana nemisebe ye-UV, le mifanekiso yasezindongeni iqinisekisa ukuthi imibala yayo egqamile ihlala igqamile lapho ibekwe elangeni eliqondile. Ezindaweni zokusebenza zobuciko, njengezitudiyo noma amahhovisi, imidwebo yasendongeni enezici zensimbi noma ezikhanyayo ingangeza ivayibhu eguqukayo ngokudlala ngokukhanya nokudala umuzwa wokunyakaza nokuba nempilo.

Imidwebo ephefumulelwe yemvelo

Imidwebo yasendongeni egqugquzelwe imvelo ihlose ukuhlanganisa izikhala nobuhle bengaphandle isebenzisa izindlela zokuphrinta zedijithali ezithuthukisiwe ukuze ithwebule izici zemvelo ezinemininingwane efana nokuthungwa kwamahlamvu aluhlaza nemibala egqamile yokushona kwelanga. Le misebenzi yobuciko ivamise ukusebenzisa ukuphrinta okukhulu kokubuka okungazungeza amakhona noma kuhlobise izindonga eziningi ukuze kube ne-ambiance egxilile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le midwebo yasodongeni ikhuthaza indawo enempilo yasendlini yasendlini, iyenze ilungele amakamelo okulala nezindawo eziklanyelwe ukuphumula.

Imidwebo yeJiyomethri

Imidwebo yasendongeni yejiyomethri enembile futhi ehlelekile ibonisa amaphethini adinga ukuqondanisa lapho efakiwe. Zivamise ukudalwa ngezifanekiso ezisikwa nge-laser noma izinhlelo ze-computer-assisted design (CAD) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukukhishwa okungenasici komugqa ngamunye nomumo. Amafoyili ensimbi noma i-vinyl textured ngokuvamile ihlanganiswa ukuze kwethule ukujula nekhwalithi ethintekayo emsebenzini wobuciko. Imidwebo yokudweba yeJiyomethri iyinketho yezindawo ezinjengamahhovisi noma izindawo zokungcebeleka ngenxa yokuqina kwayo kanye nokuhlanzeka kalula. Bahlanganisa kokubili isitayela nokusebenza ngaphandle komthungo.

Imidwebo esekwe ezintweni ezibonakalayo

Imidwebo yokudweba ehlukahlukene evela ezintweni ezahlukene inikeza izinketho ezihlukahlukene kanye nezinzuzo zezilungiselelo nezinjongo eziningi. Isibonelo, imidwebo ye-sandstone idalwe kusetshenziswa itshe elibunjwe futhi licwengisiswe ukukhiqiza indawo ehlala isikhathi eside ekwazi ukubekezelela izinto zangaphandle ngaphandle kokulimala. Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-vinyl murals yenziwe nge-chloride (PVC). Iza ngokuqedwa okuhlukahlukene, okufana ne-matte, i-gloss, ne-satin, enikeza indawo yokuguquguquka ekubukekeni nasekusetshenzisweni. Ukwakha imidwebo yasezindongeni zamathayela kuhlanganisa ukusebenzisa amathayela abaselwe kuhhavini ahlala isikhathi eside ngokumelene nomswakama kanye nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, okuwenza afanelekele amakhishi nezindlu zangasese noma ngisho nezilungiselelo zangaphandle. Imidwebo yasemadongeni ependiwe equkethe amasu e-fresco ifaka umbala kusimende ukuze kufinyelelwe isiphetho esihlala njalo esihlangana ngaphandle komthungo nesakhiwo sodonga.

Izinto okufanele uzicabangele lapho ukhetha imikhiqizo

Ubukhulu begumbi nokulingana

Ukukhetha umdwebo ohambisana nobukhulu begumbi kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela wokubuka olinganiselayo. Ezikhaleni ezincane, imidwebo yasodongeni emikhulu inganqoba igumbi futhi ilenze lizizwe liminyene, kuyilapho imidwebo yasesodongeni emincane kakhulu ingase ibonakale ingabalulekile emakamelweni amakhulu futhi yehluleke ukudala umthelela ohlosiwe. Ukuqinisekisa izilinganiso ezinembile, kubalulekile ukukala kokubili udonga nomdwebo odongeni ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi umdwebo odongeni uhlanganisa cishe u-60-80% wendawo yodonga. Le ndlela isiza ukugcina ukuvumelana ngaphandle kokudlula isikhala. Qaphela lapho umdwebo odongeni ubekwe khona maqondana nokuphakama kophahla; imidwebo yokudweba efinyelela phezulu inganciphisa ukuphakama okucatshangwayo kwegumbi, futhi leyo elenga phansi kakhulu ingase iphazamise ukuvumelana okubonakalayo kwegumbi.

Izinto nokuqina

Ukukhetha izinto zokwakha umdwebo odongeni kufanele kuhambisane nendawo ezungezile kanye nendlela igumbi elisetshenziswa ngayo. Imidwebo yasezindongeni yevinyl eyenziwe nge-chloride (PVC) iqinile impela. Angakwazi ukumelana nomswakama, isikhunta, kanye nemisebe ye-UV, okuyenza ifanelekele izindawo ezifana namagumbi okugeza, amakhishi, nezindawo ezingaphandle. Lezi zithombe zasezindongeni ngokuvamile ziba phakathi kwama-microns angu-200 no-400 ubukhulu, okusiza ukuwenza aqine futhi ahlanzeke kalula. Imidwebo ye-Canvas ivame ukudalwa kusetshenziswa izingxube zekotini noma ze-polyester ukuze zibanike umuzwa wobuciko; kodwa-ke, badinga ukumbozwa kwe-UV ukuvimbela ukufiphala ezindaweni ezikhanyisiwe. Ngekhono layo lokuphatha ukushisa nokumelana nomswakama, imidwebo yamathayela e-ceramic ilungele izindawo ezibhekene nokushisa okuphezulu, njengama-backsplashes asekhishini noma izindonga ze-sunroom. Izici zokuqina kwemidwebo ye-Ceramic murals zithonywa uhlobo lwe-grout esetshenzisiwe. I-Epoxy grout igqama ngekhono layo lokumelana namabala nokuqhekeka uma kuqhathaniswa nezinketho ezisekelwe kusimende.

Umbala nokukhanya

Ukusebenzisana phakathi kombala nokukhanya kudlala indima enkulu ekulolongeni umkhathi wegumbi kanye nokukhanga okubonakalayo komdwebo odongeni ngaphakathi kwalo. Lapho ukhetha imibala yedizayini yakho yesikhala, cabangela Inani Le-Light Reflectance (LVV), elibonisa ukuthi kungakanani ukukhanya okuboniswa kwendawo. Imibala ekhanyayo enamazinga aphezulu, njengokumhlophe nama-pastel athambile, abonisa ukukhanya egumbini, akhulise ukukhanya kwawo kanye nobubanzi obubonakalayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-shades amnyama afana nama-deep blues namalahle anamazinga aphansi e-LVV adonsa ukukhanya okwengeziwe, adala ukunethezeka nokusondelana. Ukusetha izinguquko usuku lonke kuyisihluthulelo sokukhanyisa izindonga. Izibani ze-LED ezingashintsha zisuka kumathoni afudumele ziye ezipholile zingenza umehluko. Misa izibani kuma-engeli e-oblique ukuze ugqamise ukuthungwa futhi udale ukujula emsebenzini wobuciko; ukuthambisa izithunzi ngokukhanyisa kuzonikeza isiphetho esiphucuziwe kakhulu.

Ukufaka nokugcina

Ukufaka imidwebo yasendongeni ngendlela efanele kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukuthi inqubo yokufaka isicelo ihamba kahle ngemidwebo ye-vinyl. Ukucabangela impendulo yokuqukethwe ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa kubalulekile ukuze ugweme izinkinga, ezifana nemibimbi namabhamuza angavela ngenxa yokwanda nokufinyela. Lokhu kuzosiza ekuqinisekiseni umphumela omuhle lapho usebenza ngezithombe zasezindongeni ze-vinyl ezidinga izinga lokushisa lekamelo (imvamisa liba ngu-18 kuya ku-24 degrees Celsius). Ezithombeni ezipendiwe, ukusebenzisa amasu e-fresco afakwe kusimende kudinga ukulawula isikhathi nomswakama ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi imibala ihlangana ngempumelelo nendawo engaphezulu ukuze kube nomphumela ohlala njalo nohlala njalo. Ukunakekela imidwebo yasezindongeni kuncike ezintweni ezisetshenziselwa zona. Isibonelo, imidwebo ye-vinyl murals kufanele ihlanzwe nge-pH-neutral cleaner ukuvimbela ukulimala ebusweni, kuyilapho imidwebo yamathayela e-ceramic ingase idinge ukuphinda ihlulwe minyaka yonke ukuze ihlale iqinile. Ukuhlola njalo ukuguga nokukhala, njengokufiphala noma ukuxebuka, kungasiza ukubamba izinkinga futhi kugcine umdwebo odongeni ubukeka umuhle.

Isiphetho

Imidwebo yasodongeni inikeza ithuba lokuthuthukisa izindawo ezinemiklamo yokudala eyenziwe ngendlela oyifisayo ehambisana nezinjongo ezibukwayo nezisebenzayo. Zisiza ekuguquleni ngempumelelo noma isiphi isilungiselelo sibe ubuciko obuhle obukhangayo nobunobunye obugqama endaweni yanamuhla yokuncintisana. Ngokuhlola ngokucophelela amathrendi emakethe, izinketho zezinto ezibonakalayo, nezici zobuchwepheshe zamabhizinisi okukhetha umdwebo odongeni nabaklami bangafinyelela umgomo wabo.