Yiziphi Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zokubhola I-Laser?

I-Laser drilling iyindlela eyingqayizivele yokumba izimbobo zibe izinto ezahlukene usebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-laser. Inqubo yokumba ngelaser iza nezinzuzo eziningi uma iqhathaniswa nokubhola ngomshini, okuyenza ibe esinye sezixazululo ezinhle kakhulu enqubweni yokukhiqiza. 

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze uthole izinzuzo eziyinhloko zokubhola nge-laser kanye namamodeli ahlukene wokubhola nge-laser. 

Okuqukethwe
Iyini imishini yokumba i-laser?
Izindlela zokumba nge-laser
Yiziphi izinzuzo eziyinhloko zokumba nge-laser?
Isiphetho

Iyini imishini yokumba i-laser?

Imishini yokumba i-laser ziyindlela esheshayo nenembayo yokudala izinhlobo ezahlukene zemigodi enejiyometri ehlukene. Imishini ibhoboza izinto ezisukela kwezintekenteke kakhulu kuye kweziqinile. I-Laser drilling yinqubo esebenzisa amandla ashisayo ukusuka ekukhanyeni kwe-laser ukusika izimbobo noma ezinye izimo zibe izinto. Ngokuphambene, ezinye izinqubo zokumba zisebenzisa i-drill ejikelezayo ukusikwa ukuze kukhishwe impahla ocezu lokusebenza. 

I-workpiece ivezwa ekukhanyeni kwe-laser ukuze incibilike into futhi iyihwamulise endaweni ezungezile. Ngenxa yalokho, ukubhoboza laser ayikhiqizi izingxenye ezinjenge-swarf uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinqubo zokumba. 

Ngokuvamile, ukubhoboza nge-laser akubandakanyi isigxobo esiqhubekayo sokusika izimbobo zibe izingcezu zokusebenza kodwa ama-pulses okukhanya kwe-laser. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngakunye kuyasha futhi kuhwamulise into engafuneki kucezu lokusebenza ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela oyifunayo kumkhiqizo wokugcina. Imishini ye-laser bhola noma yiluphi uhlobo lwento ngokunemba ngokwedlulele. 

Izindlela zokumba nge-laser

1. Ukubhoboza okuqondile 

Ukubhola okuqondile kukhiqiza imbobo ku-laser pulse eyodwa (isibhamu esisodwa). Kuyindlela esheshayo kodwa inokujula kwembobo okulinganiselwe okufinyelelekayo futhi inikeza izinga elibalulekile le-hole taper.

2. Ukubhola nge-Percussion

Ukumba i-Percussion kubasa isitimela sama-pulses endaweni egxilile endaweni yokusebenza. Ama-pulses ageleza ngokulandelana ngenkathi ekhipha izingqimba ezincane zezinto ukuze ajulise imbobo. Ngenxa yalokho, le nqubo yokubhoboza ifaneleka ezimbotsheni ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezinobubanzi obuncane obunobubanzi obuphezulu.  

3. Trepanning 

I-Trepanning inembobo yokuqala ebhojwe ngokushesha ukubhoboza okokusebenza. I-laser beam ibe isinyakaziswa nxazonke ukuze kuzuzwe imbobo oyifunayo. Le nqubo iwusika ngempumelelo umgodi kunokuwubhoboza. Umphumela uba izimbobo ezisezingeni eliphakeme ezinobubanzi obukhulu. Noma kunjalo, inqubo ye-trepanning ihamba kancane uma iqhathaniswa nakho kokubili ukushaya kanye nokubhola okuqondile. 

Yiziphi izinzuzo eziyinhloko zokumba nge-laser?

1. Isivinini esiphezulu

Isivinini esiphezulu kunoma iyiphi inqubo yokwakhiwa kwemigodi sibhaliswe yi imishini yokumba laser. Kuthatha cishe isekhondi elingu-1 ukubhoboza imbobo ezinhlelweni eziningi. Ama-proton awanayo inqwaba; ngakho-ke akukho inertia enqoba amandla okumisa ngaphandle kwalawo esistimu yokubona. Isivinini esisheshayo sibuye sibhaliswe ngamashadi ekhwalithi ephezulu anokugxila okuhle kakhulu. Imishayo inenani eliphezulu lokuminyana kwamandla ngokuqhuma kwamandla aphezulu. Kanjalo, ama-laser anamandla okungena nokubhoboza izinsimbi ngokushesha. 

2. Ukunemba okuphezulu

I-Laser drilling ifinyelela izinga eliphezulu lokunemba ngenxa yokuzenzakalela kwayo. Ngokuvamile, ububanzi be-laser beam obujwayelekile bucishe bube ingxenye eyodwa kwezinhlanu zemilimitha. I-beam ingagxila cishe ku-1000 kuya ku-2000 watts wamandla futhi ibhoboze kahle kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lomsebenzi. Ingena ngempumelelo ekujuleni okungamamilimitha angama-20 nge- ukunemba okulinganiselwe we-95.96%. 

Ama-Lasers angasondela kalula kuma-engeli aphansi njenge-15 degrees ngaphandle koshintsho lwenqubo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, azidingi ukulungiswa kwemishini ukushintsha phakathi kosayizi bemigodi abahlukahlukene kanye nezimbobo ezimise ngendlela engavamile. Ngokumuncwa, ukubhola nge-laser kulawula ukujula emigodini eyimpumputhe. Kulokhu, umthengi angakhetha ubude beza beza obufunekayo obunokumunca okuphansi kwezinto zokufika kanye nokumunca okuphezulu kokumba okuqondiwe. Ukwengeza, ukwenza iphrofayela okunembile kwendawo kanye neyesikhashana kokuphuma kwe-laser kungafinyelela ukulawula ukunemba kokujula ngaphakathi kwama-microns ambalwa ezintweni ezilinganayo. 

3. Izindleko ezincishisiwe 

Naphezu kwezindleko eziphezulu zokuqala, azikho i-drilling bit ukugqoka noma ukuphuka uma kuziwa ekubholeni i-laser. Futhi, kumbalwa noma akukho okusebenzisekayo ku-laser. Ngenxa yalokho, izindleko zengxenye ziyaqedwa futhi isikhathi siyalondolozwa njengoba asikho isidingo sokushintsha izinto ezisetshenziswayo. I-Laser drilling ikhiqiza inzuzo ephezulu kakhulu ekutshalweni kwezimali uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinqubo zokumba. 

4. Ukuhlukahluka

I-Laser drilling ine-aspect ratio ephezulu—okungukuthi, isilinganiso sokujula kobubanzi. Imishayo ayibhekani nanoma yikuphi ukumelana nokungqubuzana. Ngakho-ke, ukujula kwe-drill kungakhawulwa kuphela ukucushwa kwe-optical kanye nokuguquguquka kwezinto ezisetshenzisiwe. Isibonelo, abathengi bangabhoboza kalula izimbobo nge-aspect ratio engu-30:1 kwezinye izinto. Ngokuphawulekayo, ama-laser angakhiqiza izimbobo ezincane ngokuphindwe ka-10 kunalezo ezikhiqizwa ama-drill bits avamile.

5. Umphumela wokushisa omncane

I-Laser ihlanganisa ukubhoboza ngenqubo ye-photolytic. Lokhu ukusabela kwamakhemikhali lapho inhlanganisela yephulwa ngama-proton esikhundleni sokusikwa noma ukuncibilika ngokungqubuzana. Ngokweqile, inqubo ayinasendlalelo sokuphindaphinda. Futhi, indlela yokungathintani yenza i-laser drilling ukunciphisa umthelela wokushisa okukhiqizwa endaweni yokusebenza. Akukho nhlobo ukuthintana ngokomzimba phakathi kwezingxenye ezihambayo kanye nocezu lokusebenza. Lokhu kuvimbela noma yikuphi ukungcoliswa kwe-workpiece kanye nokugqoka kwengxenye yokumba. 

6. Ukusebenza

Ikhono le-laser ukususa impahla kucezu lokusebenza lincike ngokuyinhloko ekumunceni kwento eqondiwe. Lokhu kusho nje ukuthola ubude begagasi obufanele. I-spectrum ebanzi yezinto ezibhoboziwe kusetshenziswa ama-lasers isukela kunjoloba, ukhuni, nezinto zobumba ezifana nedayimane kuye kwezinsimbi ezinobulukhuni obuphezulu.

Isiphetho

I-Laser drilling ingenye yezinqubo zakamuva zokumba. Kubandakanya izindleko zokuqala eziphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinqubo zokumba. Ngenxa yalokho, ayisetshenziswa kuzicelo eziningi zezimboni. Ukubhola nge-laser ngokuvamile kukhawulelwe ezinjinini ze-aerospace, amabhlogo ezimoto, kanye amabhodi wesifunda aphrintiwe (ama-PCB). Kodwa-ke, abathengi banomkhawulo wokukhiqiza izimbobo ezincane ezinemba kakhulu kanye ne-aspect ratio ephezulu. Ama-Lasers afanele ukutshalwa kwezimali ngoba anikeza ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu nokusebenza kahle ekubholeni. Ukuthola imishini yokumba i-laser ethengekayo nesezingeni eliphezulu, vakashela Chovm.com.