Umhlahlandlela Wakho Wamabhethri Ahamba Phambili e-LFP Emakethe ngo-2024

Amabhethri e-LFP aziwa ngezici zawo zokuphepha eziqinile nempilo yomjikelezo omude. Lawa mabhethri aqukethe i-lithium iron phosphate cathode impahla engenwa kalula ukushisa ngokweqile, okuwenza aphephe kunokuvamile. lithium-ion amabhethri. Zifaneleka ngokukhethekile izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga imisinga yomthwalo ophezulu kanye nokuqina okuphezulu, njengamabhasi kagesi nezinhlelo zokugcina amandla elanga. 

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze uthole ukubuka konke okufushane kwamabhethri e-LFP, futhi uthole izici ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele lapho ukhetha amabhethri e-LFP ngo-2024.

Okuqukethwe
Liyini ibhethri le-LFP?
Ukubunjwa
Ukwahlukanisa
Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza
Yini okufanele uyicabangele lapho ukhetha ibhethri le-LFP?
Amathrendi ezobuchwepheshe
Isiphetho sendaba

Liyini ibhethri le-LFP?

Amabhethri e-lithium-iron phosphate (amabhethri e-LFP ngamafuphi) amabhethri e-lithium-ion asebenzisa i-lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) njenge-cathode material. Kusukela ekuthuthukisweni kwawo ekuqaleni kwawo-2000s, amabhethri e-LFP adonse ukunaka okusabalele ngokuzinza kwawo okushisayo okuhle kakhulu, impilo ende, kanye nobungane bemvelo.

Uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-lithium-ion avamile (isb, lawo asebenzisa i-lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2)), Amabhethri e-LFP bonisa izinzuzo ezibalulekile mayelana nokuphepha, impilo yomjikelezo, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko, nakuba kunamandla aphansi uma kuqhathaniswa.

Isakhiwo Amabhethri e-LFP okungangoba mancane amathuba okuthi baqale ukusabela kokushisa ngaphansi kwezimo zokushajwa ngokweqile, i-short-circuiting, noma izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, okunciphisa kakhulu ubungozi bomlilo noma ukuqhuma, futhi kuzenze zilungele ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni zikagesi, izinhlelo zokugcina amandla, kanye nemishini ephathekayo.

Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yomlilo noma ukuqhuma, kuzenze zibe zilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana nezimoto zikagesi, izinhlelo zokugcina amandla kanye nemishini ephathekayo ye-elekthronikhi. Amabhethri e-LFP asetshenziswa ohlelweni olukhula njalo lwezinhlelo zokusebenza, kusukela kuzinto zikagesi eziphathwayo ukuya ezimotweni ezinkulu zikagesi ukuya kumasistimu okugcina amandla asekhaya nawentengiso.

Impilo yabo yomjikelezo omude wokushaja/wokukhipha we-2,000 kuya ku-8,000 imijikelezo iphakeme kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri e-lithium-ion, okusho ukuthi amabhethri e-LFP anikeza isikhathi eside sokuphila, okunciphisa izindleko zesikhathi eside zobunikazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhethri e-LFP awaqukethe izinto eziyingozi njenge-cobalt ne-nickel, okuwenza abe nobungane bemvelo futhi kulula ukuwasebenzisa kabusha.

Nakuba ukuminyana kwamandla wamabhethri e-LFP kuphansi kunezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri e-lithium-ion, ukusebenza kwawo okuhle kakhulu kokuphepha nezinzuzo zezomnotho kwenza amabhethri e-LFP abe ukukhetha okuthembekile nokusimeme ezinhlelweni eziningi zokusebenza.

Ukubunjwa

Amabhethri e-Lithium-Fe-Phosphorus (LFP). zakhiwe izingxenye ezine ezibalulekile: i-electrode ekhangayo, i-electrode engeyinhle, i-electrolyte, ne-diaphragm. Lezi zingxenye zisebenza ndawonye ukuze ibhethri ikwazi ukugcina nokukhulula amandla kagesi.

Ikhodi

Izinto ze-cathode yi-lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4). Izinzuzo zalolu lwazi zihlanganisa ukuzinza okuhle kokushisa, impilo ende kanye nobungane bemvelo. I-crystal structure ye-lithium iron phosphate inikeza ukusebenza okuzinzile kwe-electrochemical futhi inciphisa ingozi yokushajwa ngokweqile, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise ukuphepha okuphelele kwebhethri.

Anode

I-electrode engalungile ye Amabhethri e-LFP ngokuvamile yenziwe nge-graphite. Ngesikhathi sokushaja, i-lithium ion isuka ku-electrode eyakhayo iye ku-electrode engemihle futhi ishumekwe kungqimba lwegraphite; ngesikhathi sokukhipha, i-lithium ion isuka ku-graphite ibuyele ku-electrode enhle. I-graphite anode ihlinzeka ngendawo yokugcina i-lithium ezinzile yebhethri, enomthelela ekuhambeni kwamabhayisikili isikhathi eside kanye nokugcinwa kwamandla okuphumelelayo.

I-Electrolyte

I-electrolyte isebenza njengendawo yokuthutha yama-ion e-lithium ebhethrini, evumela i-lithium ion ukuthi ihambe phakathi kwama-electrode aqondile noma angalungile ngesikhathi sokushaja nokukhipha. I-electrolyte kumabhethri e-LFP ingaba i-solvent ewuketshezi enosawoti we-lithium (isb, i-LiPF6) encibilikiswe kuyo ukuze inikeze ukuguquguquka okuhle kwe-ionic.

I-Diaphragm

I-diaphragm iyifilimu encane ehlala phakathi kwama-electrode aqondile kanye nama-negative, ewavimbela ukuthi angathintani ngqo futhi abangele umjikelezo omfushane, kuyilapho ivumela i-lithium ion ukuthi idlule. I-material kanye ne-pore structure ye-diaphragm inomthelela omkhulu ekuziphatheni kwe-ionic, ukuphepha kanye nempilo yebhethri.

Ukwahlukanisa

Amabhethri e-LFP zihlukaniswa ngokuyinhloko ngokusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwazo, ifomu kanye nesistimu yokuphatha ibhethri, nakuba ziqhathaniswa ngokulinganayo ekwakhekeni kwamakhemikhali, okungukuthi, zonke zisebenzisa i-lithium iron phosphate njengento ye-cathode. Ngezansi kunezindlela ezimbalwa ezijwayelekile zokuhlukanisa amabhethri e-LFP:

Ihlukaniswe ngezindawo zokufaka izicelo

Imishini ephathekayo ye-elekthronikhi: omakhalekhukhwini, amalaptop, ama-tablet PC kanye neminye imikhiqizo ephathekayo ye-elekthronikhi.

Ezokuthutha ngogesi: ngamabhayisikili kagesi, izimoto zikagesi, izithuthuthu zikagesi nezinye izinto zokuhamba.

Amasistimu okugcina amandla: kumasistimu we-solar photovoltaic, isitoreji samandla omoya, izinhlelo zokugcina amandla ekhaya kanye nezixazululo zegridi enkulu yokugcina amandla.

Izicelo zezimboni nezohwebo: okuhlanganisa izinto zikagesi ezingaphazamiseki (i-UPS), izibani eziphuthumayo, amathuluzi kagesi nokunye ukusetshenziswa kwezimboni.

Ihlukaniswe ngefomu nosayizi

Amabhethri angama-cylindrical: Idizayini yesilinda yosiko yezidingo zebhethri ezisezingeni.

Amabhethri ephakethe ayisikwele noma aguqukayo: zinikeza ukuguquguquka okwengeziwe ngomumo nosayizi owenziwe ngokwezifiso wemiklamo ethile yemishini, elungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhawulelwe isikhala.

Amamojula amakhulu namabhethri: Hlanganisa amabhethri ngamanye amaningi abe amaphakethe amakhulu noma amamojula wezimoto zikagesi kanye nezinhlelo zokugcina amandla.

Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza

Amabhethri e-LFP, enezici zabo zokuphepha nokuphila isikhathi eside, ziye zasetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi. Ngezansi ezimbalwa zezimo zayo zokusebenza eziyinhloko nezincazelo ezinemininingwane:

Izimoto kagesi

Amabhethri e-LFP zithandwa kakhulu emkhakheni wezimoto zikagesi ngoba zinikeza ukuzinza okuhle kakhulu kokushisayo nempilo ende, zinciphisa imvamisa yokushintshwa kwebhethri futhi zehlise izindleko zesikhathi eside zobunikazi. 

Nakuba amandla anamandla amabhethri e-LFP aphansi kunezinye izinhlobo ezithile zamabhethri e-lithium-ion, anele ukuhamba emadolobheni nokuhamba ibanga elifushane, kuyilapho ukusebenza kwawo kokuphepha okuphezulu kunciphisa izingozi zokuphepha ezihlobene nokusebenza kwezimoto zikagesi.

Izinto zikagesi eziphathwayo

Amabhethri e-LFP ziphinde zisetshenziswe ezintweni zikagesi eziphathwayo ezifana nomakhalekhukhwini, amalaptop, namakhamera edijithali ngenxa yokuphepha kwawo okuphezulu nokuzinza. Nakuba amadivaysi akulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza evame ukuba nezidingo eziphezulu zokuminyana kwamandla, impilo ende kanye nezici zokunakekelwa okuphansi kwamabhethri e-LFP ziwenza afaneleke kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.

Izinhlelo zokugcina amandla

Amabhethri e-LFP ziyisixazululo esifanelekile sakho kokubili ukugcinwa kwamandla kwekhaya kanye nokuhweba. Bangakwazi ukugcina ugesi okhiqizwa amandla elanga noma omoya ukuze usetshenziswe ebusuku noma ngezikhathi lapho kungekho moya. Ukuzinza okuphezulu nempilo ende yamabhethri e-LFP kuwenza afanelekele ukusetshenziswa njengamayunithi okugcina amandla ezinhlelweni zamandla avuselelekayo, okusiza ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla nokunciphisa ukuncika kwegridi.

Amabhayisikili e-e kanye nama-e-scooters

Amabhethri e-LFP zisetshenziswa kakhulu kwezokuthutha zikagesi ezingasindi njengamabhayisikili e-e kanye nama-e-scooters ngenxa yokukhishwa kwazo okuhle kwesisindo kuya kumandla, ukuphepha kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko. Uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri endabuko e-lead-acid, amabhethri e-LFP anikezela ngesixazululo sesisindo esilula esinweba amabanga okushayela futhi sinciphise inani lokushajwa kabusha.

Ukukhanyisa emigwaqweni yelanga kanye nokukhanyisa kwangaphandle

Amabhethri e-LFP nazo zifanelekile izibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga kanye nezinhlelo zokukhanyisa zangaphandle ezidinga ukugcina amandla anele okukhanyisa okuqhubekayo ngokungabikho kokufakwa kwelanga. Ukuzinza nokuphila isikhathi eside kwamabhethri e-LFP kubaluleke kakhulu kulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza, njengoba zivame ukufakwa ezindaweni okunzima ukuzigcina njalo.

Yini okufanele uyicabangele lapho ukhetha ibhethri le-LFP?

Lezi zimo nezici ezilandelayo kufanele zicatshangelwe lapho ukhetha amabhethri e-lithium-ferrophosphorus (LFP). njengesixazululo samandla:

Izimfuneko zokuphepha eziphezulu

Amabhethri e-LFP ayinketho ekahle uma isimo sohlelo lokusebenza sidinga ukuphepha kwebhethri okuphezulu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma kunesidingo sokunciphisa ubungozi bomlilo nokuqhuma okubangelwa ukushajwa ngokweqile, ukushisa ngokweqile, noma ukulimala ngokomzimba. Amabhethri e-LFP azinzile ngokokushisa nangamakhemikhali, okuwavumela ukuthi agcine ukusebenza okuphephile ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu.

Izidingo zokuphila isikhathi eside

Kumadivayisi noma amasistimu adinga impilo yomjikelezo omude kumabhethri awo, njengezinhlelo zokugcina amandla, ezokuthutha zikagesi, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni, amabhethri e-LFP ahlinzeka ngemijikelezo yokushaja/yokukhipha engu-2000 kuya ku-8000 eyedlula kude leyo yezinye izinhlobo eziningi zamabhethri e-lithium-ion, andisa ngokuphawulekayo izikhawu zokushintsha ibhethri nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza zemvelo yangaphandle noma eyeqisayo

Amabhethri e-LFP ziyakwazi ukusebenza ngokuzinzile phezu kwebanga lokushisa elibanzi, zizenze zifaneleke ngaphandle noma ezindaweni ezishintshashintshayo zezinga lokushisa. Amabhethri e-LFP ayisinqumo esihle kakhulu sezibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga, izinto zokugada ngaphandle, noma izinto zokusebenza ezidinga ukusebenza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu noma aphansi.

Izinto ezibucayi ngezindleko

Nakuba izindleko zokuthenga zokuqala zamabhethri e-LFP zingase zibe phezulu kunezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri (isb., amabhethri e-lead-acid), ubude bawo besikhathi eside kanye nezidingo zokunakekelwa okuphansi zinganikeza izindleko eziphansi eziphelele zobunikazi kuyo yonke impilo yazo. Amabhethri e-LFP ayinketho engabizi kakhulu yamaphrojekthi anesabelomali esilinganiselwe kodwa enengqondo yokusebenzisa izindleko zesikhathi eside.

Ukuminyana kwamandla akuyona into ecatshangelwayo

Nakuba ukuminyana kwamandla wamabhethri e-LFP kuphansi kunezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri e-lithium-ion, uma isimo sohlelo lokusebenza singenazo izidingo zokuminyana kwamandla okuqinile, ezinye izinzuzo zamabhethri e-LFP (isb, ukuphepha, ukuphila isikhathi eside, kanye nezindleko) zingase zibaluleke kakhulu.

Amathrendi ezobuchwepheshe

Ibhethri ye-LFP ubuchwepheshe bubonise umkhuba ocacile wentuthuko eminyakeni yamuva, futhi okulandelayo yizici ezimbalwa zokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bebhethri ye-LFP:

Ukuthuthukisa ukuminyana kwamandla

Nakuba amabhethri e-LFP ethakaselwe ukuphepha kwawo nempilo ende, amandla awo aphansi uma kuqhathaniswa akhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwawo ezinhlelweni ezithile. Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukisa ukuminyana kwamandla sekungenye yezinto okugxilwe kuzo ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni. 

Ngokuthuthukisa i-microstructure yezinto ze-cathode kanye nokuthuthukisa idizayini yeseli esebenza kahle kakhudlwana kanye namasu okukhiqiza, abacwaningi basebenzela ukukhulisa ukuminyana kwamandla amabhethri e-LFP kuhlelo olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza.

Ukwehliswa kwezindleko

Amabhethri e-LFP sezivele zidumile emakethe ngenxa yokungabizi kwazo, ikakhulukazi uma kucatshangelwa impilo yazo ende kanye nezindleko zokunakekela eziphansi. Ukuqhubeka nokunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza kuyisihluthulelo sokushayela ukwamukelwa kabanzi kwamabhethri e-LFP. 

Imboni isebenzela ukuqhubeka nokunciphisa izindleko eziphelele zamabhethri e-LFP ngokwenza ngcono izinqubo zokukhiqiza, ukuqaphela umnotho wesilinganiso ezintweni zokwakha nezinqubo zokukhiqiza, nokuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obusebenza kahle kakhulu.

Ubuchwepheshe bokushaja okusheshayo

Ukwenza ngcono ulwazi lomsebenzisi, ukushaja okusheshayo kungenye inkambiso ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bebhethri ye-LFP. Abacwaningi bahlola ukwakheka okusha kwe-electrolyte nezinhlelo zokuphatha ibhethri (BMS) ukuze basekele ukushaja okusheshayo kuyilapho beqinisekisa ukuphepha kwebhethri nempilo ende. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezifana nezimoto zikagesi ezidinga ukushajwa ngokushesha.

Isiphetho sendaba

Amabhethri e-LFP ziyigatsha elibalulekile emkhakheni wobuchwepheshe bebhethri ngenxa yokuphepha kwawo okuvelele, impilo ende yesevisi kanye nobungane bemvelo. Lawa mabhethri asebenzisa i-lithium iron phosphate njenge-cathode material, ehlinzeka ngamakhemikhali azinzile kanye nokuzinza okuhle kakhulu kokushisa, okwenza kube ingozi ephansi kakhulu yokuphepha ngaphansi kokushaja ngokweqile noma izimo zokushisa eziphezulu.

Yize ukuminyana kwamandla wamabhethri e-LFP kuphansi kakhulu, impilo yawo ende kanye nezidingo zokunakekelwa okuphansi ziwenza angabizi kakhulu. Njengamanje, amabhethri e-LFP asetshenziswa kakhulu ezimotweni zikagesi, izinto zikagesi eziphathwayo, izinhlelo zokugcina amandla, nezinye izinkambu eziningi. 

Ngokuzayo, ngokusungulwa kwezinto ezintsha kanye nokwenza ngcono okuqhubekayo kubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, amabhethri e-LFP kulindeleke ukuthi abambe iqhaza elikhulu ezinhlelweni ezintsha zokusebenza. Okokugcina, uma ungathanda ukuthengela ikhaya lakho noma ibhizinisi lakho ibhethri le-LFP, sicela uvakashele lokhu isixhumanisi.