Umhlahlandlela Wakho Wokuthenga Ama-Crawler Cranes Asetshenzisiwe

Ama-crawler cranes ayingxenye ebalulekile yezimboni eziningi emhlabeni jikelele, kodwa awashibhile ukuwathola. Uma uhlela ukuthenga i-crawler crane esetshenzisiwe esikhundleni somusha, khona-ke lo mhlahlandlela uyakukhava. Ihlola uhla lwama-crawler cranes asetshenzisiwe atholakalayo, iphakamisa izindawo ezithile zokugxila lapho uhlola umshini ongase ube khona, futhi igqamisa izici ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uthola okulungile. ama-crawler cranes.

Okuqukethwe
Imakethe ye-crawler crane yesibili
Ukutholakala kwe-crane crane yesandla sesibili
Yini okufanele uyibheke lapho uhlola u-crane wesiseshi osetshenzisiwe
Imicabango yokugcina

Imakethe ye-crawler crane yesibili

Umbhalo ohlukile: imakethe yomhlaba wonke ye-crane crane izokhula ngo-6% CAGR

Imakethe yomhlaba wonke yama-crawler cranes ibonakala iqinile futhi ikhula ngokunempilo, iqhutshwa ukukhuphuka kobhubhane kumaphrojekthi wokwakha kanye nengqalasizinda. Ama-crawler cranes adingeka kumaphrojekthi okuphakama okuphezulu afana nokuphakama okuphezulu, amabhuloho kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-wind turbine. Yize izinombolo zocwaningo zihluka, isidingo sisonke sibonakala sikhula enkathini yeminyaka emi-5 ukusuka ku-2023 kuya ku-2028, inhlolovo eyodwa iveza ukukhula kusuka ku-XNUMX kuya ku-XNUMX. US$ 2.9 billion kuya ku-US $ 4.3 billion ngo-2028, ngesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esiyinhlanganisela (CAGR) ka-6.52%, futhi enye ibikezela ukukhula isuka esisekelweni esiphansi sama-US$2.2 billion ukuya ku-USD 3.04 billion ngo-2028 ku-CAGR ka-6.1%.

Ngalokhu kukhula okucatshangwayo okungaphezu kuka-6% CAGR, izinkampani zokwakha zingase zibe nomuzwa omuhle ngokutshalwa kwezimali emishinini emisha njengokutshalwa kwezimali kwesikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, ukungaqiniseki kwezomnotho kwangemva kobhubhane, kanye nosongo lwamaphrojekthi akhanseliwe noma abambezelekile, kungenza abathengi baqaphele kakhulu imali enkulu emishinini emisha, futhi ezimeni ezinjalo imakethe esetshenzisiwe ingase ikhange kakhulu. 

Okhrayini abasha abakhasa kulindeleke ukuthi babe nempilo esebenzisekayo okungenani Iminyaka eyi-10 cishe amahora angama-2000 ukusetshenziswa konyaka ngaphambi kokuba izingxenye ezinkulu zishintshwe, kodwa zingaphila isikhathi eside kakhulu uma zigcinwa kahle, futhi abakhiqizi abaningi abakhulu balindele ukuphila okuwusizo ukuba kudlule amahora angu-30,000 noma ngaphezulu. Lokhu kwenza ama-cranes amasekeni abe yinketho esebenzayo, futhi umthengi ozoba umthengi uzofuna ukuqhathanisa izindleko futhi aqiniseke ngomlando wokulungisa womshini osetshenzisiwe.

Ukutholakala kwe-crane crane yesandla sesibili

Ama-crawler cranes ayatholakala emakethe yezandla ezisetshenziswayo ngebanga elibanzi losayizi namandla, kusukela kuma-cranes amancane angaphakamisa amathani angama-30, akhuphukele ku-super lift crawlers ezingaphakamisa amathani angaphezu kuka-3000. Okhrayini abancane bangatholakala benama-telescopic boom, kodwa njengoba umthamo wokuphakamisa u-crane uba ngaphezu kwamathani ayi-100 bavamise ukufakwa ngokukhethekile nge-lattice boom, njengoba belula futhi benamandla uma bephakamisa ukuphakama. Amandla okuphakama ayahlukahluka ngemodeli, ngemishini yokuphakamisa ephansi cishe ngamafidi angu-160 (50m), nezinguqulo ezinkudlwana ezikwazi ukuphakama zifinyelele phezulu cishe ngamafithi angu-650 (200m). Ukuzinza nokuphepha kuwukucatshangelwa okubalulekile kuma-crawler cranes ngakho-ke umthengi kufanele akhethe umshini ongakwazi ukuphakama ngokunethezeka kokulindelwe yiphrojekthi.

Isisindo esincane, esingaphansi kwamathani ayi-100

			imodeli I-Hitachi KH125
			boom	eheleni
			Phakamisa umthamo	35 amathani
			Ukuphakama okukhulu	50 m
			Unyaka	2005
			Inani	I-US $ 27,000
			imodeli I-XCMG XGC55
			boom	eheleni
			Phakamisa umthamo	55 amathani
			Ukuphakama okukhulu	37 m
			Unyaka	2019
			Inani	I-US $ 39,200

			imodeli XGTC80
			boom	I-Telescopic
			Phakamisa umthamo	80 amathani
			Ukuphakama okukhulu	NA
			Unyaka	2015
			Inani	I-US $ 30,000

			imodeli I-Liebherr HS855HD
			boom	eheleni
			Phakamisa umthamo	90 amathani
			Ukuphakama okukhulu	NA
			Unyaka	2006
			Inani	I-US $ 136,000

Isisindo esimaphakathi, amathani ayi-100-300

			imodeli Kobelco 7150
			boom	eheleni
			Phakamisa umthamo	150 amathani
			Ukuphakama okukhulu	9.5 m
			Unyaka	2011
			Inani	I-US $ 90,000
			imodeli IHI DCH2000
			boom	eheleni
			Phakamisa umthamo	200 amathani
			Ukuphakama okukhulu	90 m
			Unyaka	2020
			Inani	I-US $ 71,000

			imodeli Kobelco CKE2500
			boom	eheleni
			Phakamisa umthamo	250 amathani
			Ukuphakama okukhulu	73 m
			Unyaka	2005
			Inani	I-US $ 380,000

			imodeli Liebherr 270
			boom	eheleni
			Phakamisa umthamo	270 amathani
			Ukuphakama okukhulu	98 m
			Unyaka	2010
			Inani	I-US $ 200,000

Umthamo omkhulu wokuphakamisa, ngaphezu kwamathani angama-300

			imodeli I-Sumitomo KH5000
			boom	eheleni
			Phakamisa umthamo	550 amathani
			Ukuphakama okukhulu	NA
			Unyaka	1994
			Inani	I-US $ 600,000

			imodeli I-Kobelco SL6000
			boom	eheleni
			Phakamisa umthamo	550 amathani
			Ukuphakama okukhulu	84 m
			Unyaka	2008
			Inani	I-US $ 4,000,000

			imodeli China Brand XC 650 ton
			boom	eheleni
			Phakamisa umthamo	650 amathani
			Ukuphakama okukhulu	147 m
			Unyaka	2018
			Inani	I-US $ 910,000

Yini okufanele uyibheke lapho uhlola u-crane wesiseshi osetshenzisiwe

Njengoba kungabonwa ekukhethweni kwesampula ngenhla, amakhreni wokukhasa ngesandla sesibili atholakala ngebanga losayizi namandla okuphakamisa (amathoni nobude). Injongo ye-crane nomsebenzi ohlosiwe kufanele kucace kumthengi, ukuze akhethe umthamo ofanele wokuphakamisa kanye nohlobo lwe-boom. Umthengi angase athande izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu, noma angase azilungiselele ukukhetha amabhrendi angaziwa kancane. Nakuba intengo iwukucatshangelwa okuyinhloko kokuthenga ngesandla sesibili, ama-cranes anokuphepha kanye nezingozi, ngakho umthengi kufanele acabangele isimo somshini nomlando wokulungisa. 

Uma uthenga i-crawler crane ku-inthanethi, umthengi uzofuna ukwenza uhlu olufushane lwezinketho ezimbalwa ukuze abuyekezwe enemininingwane eminingi bese, uma ukukhetha sekwenziwe, kuzodingeka ahlole kahle isimo se-crane ngokuhlola ngokomzimba.

Uhlu olufushane oluvela ezinqumweni eziku-inthanethi

Lapho ongase abe umthengi ebuka kuqala izinketho ku-inthanethi, okuvelayo kokuqala kuzovela ekucaciseni futhi uhla lwezithombe ezitholakalayo, elandelwa imininingwane yobuchwepheshe njengoba ibhaliwe, kanye neminyaka eshiwo. Izithombe zizodwa ngeke ziyisho yonke indaba, futhi umthengi onobuhlakani uzocela amarekhodi okunakekela kanye nezikhathi zesevisi. Kuyelulekwa futhi ukubuza ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye ezishintshiwe, futhi yiziphi ikhwalithi yezingxenye ezisetshenziselwa ukushintshwa.

Yiqiniso, ukuhlola isimo se-crane kusuka ezithombeni namarekhodi kuphela kuzonikeza isithombe esingaphelele, futhi ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba okuphelele kubalulekile. Lokhu kungenziwa ezindaweni zomdayisi, noma kungenjalo kungenziwa ngemva kokulethwa. Uma lokhu kwakamuva, kuzobaluleka ukuthi umthengi athole isiqinisekiso sokwaneliseka kanye/noma imbuyiselo newaranti yembuyiselo.

Ukwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba

Uma umshini ususendaweni, qala ngesheke elibonakalayo bese uhambahamba. Ingabe i-crane crane ibukeka isesimweni esisha noma isetshenziswa kancane? Ingabe zikhona izimpawu zamazinyo, imihuzuko, ukugqwala, ama-welding nama-patches? Ukucwila nokuklwebheka okumbalwa akuyona into engavamile njengoba la ma-cranes esebenza ezimeni eziqinile, futhi upende ongemuhle akusho ukuntula ukunakekelwa. Nokho, umshini omdala onopende omusha ungase usho ukuthi umshini usupendwe kabusha ukuze ufihle izinkinga zangaphambilini.

Izingxenye ezintathu ezinkulu ze-crane crane i-crawler chassis, iplathifomu ezungezayo (iplathifomu yokubulala), bese kuba i-crane boom kanye nezingxenye. Lesi sigaba sizobheka ukuthi yini okufanele ihlolwe kulezi zingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko kanye nezingxenye zazo ngazinye.

chassis

Izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-chassis yi-track nama-roller, ama-outrigger stabilizer, kanye ne-turntable ejikelezayo. Ama-crawler cranes awanyakazi kakhulu uma esebekwe ukuze aphakanyiswe, kodwa ukuguga kuzokwenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ithrekhi ngokwayo idinga ukuhlolelwa izimpawu zokuguga nokulimala, njengoba kwenza ama-sprocket, amaphini, iketango namarola. Bheka eduze izikhonkwane ezigugile noma ezicwebezelayo, imiphetho ecijile ezihlahleni, nanoma yiluphi uhlangothi oluya eceleni kokunyakaza kwethrekhi. Ingabe ithrekhi ibonakala ixega noma ixega, okuwuphawu lokuguga? Uma kungenjalo, uma ithrekhi iqinile, ingabe isixhumanisi sisusiwe ukuze siyiqinise? Ukucaciswa kobuchwepheshe kuzochaza inombolo efanele yezixhumanisi ngethrekhi ngayinye.

Ama-outrigger, uma efakelwe, asuka ku-chassis kusetshenziswa ama-hydraulics, futhi anikeze ukuzinza okudingekayo kakhulu ku-crane ngokunweba umkhondo wawo wezinyawo nokulungisa noma yikuphi ukulinganisa. Hlola ukuthi ama-outriggers anwebeka futhi ahlehla ngokugcwele, futhi atshalwe ngendlela efanele futhi eqinile. Hlola ama-hydraulics, hlola wonke amapayipi nezixhumi ukuze uthole ukuvaleka okuqinile, nokuthi azikho izimpawu zokuvuza.

I-turntable ibamba isisekelo se-crane futhi ixhuma i-chassis neplathifomu yokubulala. Iklanyelwe ukuzungeza ngamadigri angu-360, futhi akumele ithathe kuphela isisindo se-crane kanye nomthwalo onamathiselwe, kodwa kufanele ikwenze lokho ngokuzinza. Noma yikuphi ukunyakazisa noma ukunyakaza ku-turntable kungeza ukungazinzi nobungozi bokuphepha. I-turntable kufanele ijikeleze ngokushelela, ngaphandle kokungalingani noma ukungazinzi. Naka ama-swing bears nganoma yiluphi uphawu lomonakalo njengoba ukushintshwa kuzobiza. 

I-undercarriage inikeza ukuzinza kwe-crane futhi idala inkundla ebanzi kanye nesikhungo esiphansi sokudonsela phansi. Ngakho-ke i-chassis kufanele ibe sesimweni esihle kuyo yonke indawo, njengoba kufanele kube yi-outriggers kanye ne-turntable. Noma yikuphi ukungazinzi kuyinkinga yezokuphepha, futhi ukushintshwa kwe-chassis kuzobiza.

Inkundla yokugwaza

Izingxenye eziyinhloko okufanele zihlolwe endaweni yesikhulumi yikhebhu yomsebenzisi, injini, izisindo eziphikisayo, isigubhu esimazombezombe nentambo yocingo (ikhebula lensimbi).

Injini izoba ngekadizili enamandla futhi kuzomele ibe sesimweni esihle futhi inakekelwe kahle. Hlola amarekhodi okugcinwa kwezikhathi zokunakekela, namarekhodi kawoyela nesihlungi izinguquko. Bheka noma yiziphi izingxenye zerekhodi ezishintshayo futhi uhlole ukuthi izingxenye zekhwalithi zisetshenzisiwe. Bheka noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuvuza noma ukukhishwa kwentuthu emhlophe noma emnyama. Hlola ukuthi injini ihlangabezana nanoma yikuphi ukukhishwa kwe-EPA okuqinisekisiwe. 

Izilawuli zekhebhu yomsebenzisi, amaphaneli wezinsimbi, izinti zokujabula kanye namaphedali onyawo kufanele zihlolwe. Hlola ukuthi wonke amawindi alungile yini nokuthi ukubonakala akona. Hlola ukuthi isihlalo sika-opharetha siyasebenza nokuthi noma yikuphi okunye ukufakwa ngaphakathi akulungile. Qala injini bese uzama izilawuli nesiteringi.

Ama-counterweights ku-crane crawler abalulekile ukuvumela i-crane ukuthi ithwale imithwalo esindayo ngaphandle kokulinganisa ngokweqile. Hlola isimo sama-counterweights futhi uqinisekise ukuthi inani lezisindo ezinikeziwe lihlangabezana nokucaciswa. 

Isigubhu esisongayo kufanele sikwazi ukusonga intambo yocingo ngokuqinile futhi siyikhulule ngaphansi kokulawula. Hlola ukuthi izindlela zokuya phambili noma zokuhlehla zisebenza ngaphansi kokulawula okuphelele nokuthi intambo yocingo ilimele ngokuqinile. Hlola idivayisi yokuqinisekisa ukuthi i-overwinding ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi isitobha sisebenzisana ngokugcwele nesondo le-ratchet. Hlola ukuthi isigubhu sisebenza ngokukhululeka, sifakwe ngokulinganayo futhi sigcotshwe kahle.

Intambo yocingo, noma ikhebula lensimbi, izothatha sonke isisindo somthwalo njengoba intambo ikhuphuka isuka esigubhuni, idlule ku-boom nezithungu, iye kuhuku. Intambo yocingo ihluleka isikhathi esengeziwe futhi kufanele ibhekwe ngokucophelela. Izindawo eziphukile noma imicu egqagqene isho ukuthi intambo isiseduze nokwehluleka. Ukugqwala kwenza intambo ibe buthakathaka ngaphakathi, kanye nangaphezulu, ngakho-ke bheka izimpawu zokugqwala noma ukugqwala okuvuzayo ngaphakathi kwezintambo zezintambo. Intambo ebuthaka kufanele ishintshwe, futhi umthengi angalindela ukuyishintsha ngezikhathi ezithile, kodwa ngeke afune leyo zindleko lapho eqala ukuthenga umshini.

Boom, jib, izithungu, block kanye hook

Uma isiseshi sifakwe i-telescopic boom, hlola ukuthi singanwebeka futhi sihlehle kahle. Indlela ye-telescopic iyi-hydraulic, ngakho-ke hlola wonke ama-hydraulics ukuvuza okunganciphisa ingcindezi ngakho-ke amandla. Hlola isigaba ngasinye se-boom ukuze uthole izimpawu zobuthakathaka noma zokulimala, futhi ubheke noma yikuphi ukulungiswa kwepuleti elishiselwe noma ukuqhekeka okungasho ubuthakathaka besakhiwo.

Uma i-crawler ifakwe i-lattice boom, hlola noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuxhumeka okuphukile, ikakhulukazi emalungeni ama-spars, futhi ubheke noma yiziphi izimpawu zokugqwala, ukushisela noma ukulungiswa. Ukugqwala okudlulele, ama-spars awonakele noma aphukile, noma ukulungiswa kabi kokushisela, konke kungenza buthaka uhlaka lwe-lattice, okungaholela ekuhlulekeni okuyinhlekelele.

Wonke ama-crawler cranes, noma ngabe i-telescopic noma i-lattice, anesandiso se-jib esingakhethwa. Ama-jibs ngokuvamile ayiklamo ye-lattice, ngakho hlola uhlaka lwe-jib ngendlela efanayo neye-lattice boom, futhi uhlole isimo sezikhonkwane zokuxhuma nama-lugs. 

Hlola ukuthi izithungu (ama-pulleys), amabhlogo nezikhonkwane, azilungile nokuthi zizungeza ngokukhululeka. Hlola noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuqothuka noma ukubola, njengoba noma ibuphi ubuthakathaka kulokhu kungaholela ekuhlulekeni ngaphansi komthwalo osindayo. Bheka futhi ukuthi ihhuku alinawo yini imifantu nokuthi i-latch yokuphepha iyasebenza.

Izinkomba zesikhathi sokulayisha (LMI)

Ama-cranes amaningi esimanje asebenzisa a Layisha Isikhathi Inkomba (LMI), enezinzwa ezibekwe ezindaweni zamasu ku-crane, ukuqapha ukusebenza nokuxwayisa ngokulayisha ngokweqile noma ukulinganisa ngokweqile. Uma i-LMI ifakiwe, zonke izinzwa nezilinganiso kufanele zihlolwe. I-crane endala yesandla ingase ingabi nawo owodwa, ngakho kungaba ukuhlakanipha ukufaka ezindlekweni zokuthenga ukufakwa nokuhlolwa kwenguqulo ehambisanayo.

Imicabango yokugcina

abakhasi amakhreyithi ukumboza ububanzi obubanzi besisindo kanye nekhono lokuphakama futhi kukhona ukukhetha okubanzi kwama-cranes atholakala ngesandla sesibili atholakalayo. Imishini esetshenzisiwe ingaba yindleko enkulu ekongeni umshini omusha futhi iyinketho okufanele icatshangelwe kumthengi oqaphela izindleko.

Ukuphepha kuyisici esibalulekile okufanele sifakwe kunoma yikuphi ukucatshangelwa kokuthenga. Lapho izinsimbi ezisindayo ziphakanyiselwa phezulu kakhulu, kuhlale kunethuba lokwehluleka, futhi izingozi ziyenzeka. Umthengi kufanele ahlole ngokusemthethweni isiseshi ukuze siqiniseke ukuthi azinzile, nanoma yiziphi izimpawu zomonakalo noma ubuthakathaka ezindleleni zokuphakamisa. Lokho kungenziwa kuphela ngokuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Ngakho-ke umthengi kungaba ukuhlakanipha ukuthi ahlole i-crane ezikhungweni zomphakeli ngaphambi kokuthenga, noma ukukhetha umphakeli onikeza isiqinisekiso sokwaneliseka.
Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nokukhetha okubanzi kwama-crawler cranes atholakalayo, hlola Chovm.com umbukiso.