Umhlahlandlela Wakho Wokukhetha Izikena Zebhakhodi Ezilungile ngo-2023

Nakuba kungase kungadingeki ukuthi umuntu abe umlandeli oshisekayo we-Harry Potter ukuze aqonde ukubaluleka kwenduku yomlingo kumthakathi, akuwona wonke umuntu ongaqonda indima ebalulekile edlalwa isithwebuli sebhakhodi embonini yezohwebo yanamuhla. Namuhla, cishe uma iqhathaniswa nenduku yomlingo, amabhizinisi amaningi okudayisa athembele kugagasi elilula lesithwebuli sebhakhodi ukuze afinyelele ngokushesha kuyo yonke imininingwane yomkhiqizo kanye nokulandelela ukuthengisa ngokuphumelelayo, ukuphatha ukuphathwa kwempahla, kanye nokufeza eminye imisebenzi ehlobene nomkhiqizo.

Noma kunjalo, ukuthola isitokwe seskena sebhakhodi esifanele ezintweni eziningi ezitholakalayo emakethe kungase kungabi umsebenzi oqondile. Qhubeka ufunda ukuze uhlole amandla emakethe wezikena zebhakhodi, izici ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele lapho uzikhetha, kanye nezinhlobo eziphezulu zezikena zebhakhodi okufanele uzibheke ngo-2023.

Okuqukethwe
Imakethe yomhlaba wonke yezikena zebhakhodi: Uhlolojikelele
Ukucatshangelwa okubalulekile ekukhetheni iskena sebhakhodi
Izinhlobo eziphezulu zeskena zebhakhodi ezizohlolwa ngo-2023
Skena umkhathizwe

Imakethe yomhlaba wonke yezikena zebhakhodi: Uhlolojikelele

Imakethe yomhlaba wonke yezikena zamabhakhodi, ikakhulukazi egqugquzelwa isidingo esinamandla embonini yokudayisa, yalinganiselwa ku-US$7.55 billion ngo-2021 futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngezinga lokukhula elihlanganisiwe lonyaka (CAGR) lika-7.80% ukuze lifinyelele. US$11.85 billion ngo-2028.

Omunye umbiko onesikhathi eside sokubikezela kuze kufike ku-2033 ulindele ukuthi imakethe yesithwebuli sebhakhodi yomhlaba wonke izobiza ama-US $ 8.10 billion ngo-2023, nge-CAGR ka-7.6%, ekugcineni ithole inani elilinganiselwe US$ 16.86 billion ngo-2033.

Isifunda saseNyakatho Melika sithathwa ngazwi linye njengemakethe ehamba phambili yezikena zebhakhodi, ngokuhlanganyela okulinganiselwe okungaphezu kuka-30% yenani lemakethe eliphelele. Isidingo sezikena zebhakhodi eNyakatho Melika kulindeleke ukuthi sihlale sinamandla. Izimfuno ezikhulayo embonini yezokunakekelwa kwempilo ziqhuba isidingo seziskena zebhakhodi eNyakatho Melika, kanti, ngaphesheya, imikhakha emikhulu yokukhula ihlanganisa nezimboni ezidayisayo nezikhiqizayo.

Ukucatshangelwa okubalulekile ekukhetheni iskena sebhakhodi

Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezikena zebhakhodi ezitholakalayo emakethe, ngasinye sinemikhawulo ehlukene ngokuya ngemininingwane yalo. Kungakho lapho ukhetha imodeli efanele, abathengisi kufanele bakhumbule izici ezilandelayo:

1. Uhlobo lwebhakhodi eskeniwayo

Ngokufana nezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha eziningi, ukuhlukaniswa ngezigaba kwezikena zebhakhodi kuncike kakhulu emandleni azo, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo zamabhakhodi abangawaskena. Lawa makhono anqunywa izimpawu zebhakhodi - izindlela eziyingqayizivele zokufaka ikhodi ezisetshenziselwa ukumela idatha kumafomethi ahlukahlukene webhakhodi. Ama-linear, 2D, kanye nezimpawu ezistakiwe ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zezimpawu zebhakhodi ezitholakala embonini.

Ibhakhodi yomugqa, eyaziwa nangokuthi ibhakhodi engu-1D iwuhlobo lwekhodi oluyisisekelo olunokwakheka okulula komugqa owodwa nje wamabha nezikhala. Futhi iwuhlobo lwebhakhodi esetshenziswa kakhulu uma kubhekwa ubulula nokuhambisana cishe nazo zonke izinhlobo zezikena zebhakhodi. Ukuba lula kwalolu hlobo lwebhakhodi, nokho, kuphinde kubonise umkhawulo ngokuya ngenani ledatha noma ulwazi olungagcinwa.

Amabhakhodi e-2D, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ahlanganisa amaphethini anezinhlangothi ezimbili kumklamo wegridi, akhiwe ngezikwele, amachashazi, noma amaheksagoni. Lawa maphethini aqinile awagcini nje ngokugcina ulwazi olwengeziwe kodwa futhi ahlanganisa ukulungiswa kwephutha elakhelwe ngaphakathi imisebenzi. Mayelana nokuhambisana, ngokwemvelo, izikena zebhakhodi zomugqa noma ze-1D ziyahambisana namakhodi aqondile, futhi izikena zebhakhodi ye-2D zingamboza womabili amabhakhodi e-1D ne-2D.

Empeleni, amabhakhodi astakiwe asasebenzisa umbhalo wekhodi wohlangothi olulodwa, kodwa angagcina idatha eyengeziwe ngokunqwabelanisa imigqa eyengeziwe phezu komunye. Njengoba amabhakhodi astakiwe eyinhlanganisela yamabhakhodi amaningi e-1D, isithwebuli sebhakhodi engu-2D ngokuvamile siyakwazi ukuskena lawa makhodi. Ngaphandle kwalapho, lapho umuntu esebenzelana namabhakhodi astakiwe ayisipesheli, kudingeka isithwebuli sebhakhodi esitakikiwe esizinikele.

Ngaphandle kwalezi zimpawu ezintathu ezidume kakhulu zebhakhodi, amabhakhodi ayinhlanganisela kanye ne-matrix, ahlanganisa amabhakhodi alayini namabhakhodi angu-2D noma eze ne-matrix yamachashazi eklanyelwe ukunikeza umthamo wedatha eyengeziwe ezinye izibonelo ezikhethekile zebhakhodi. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ziseyi-2D ngokwemvelo, zisengahlukaniswa njengengxenye yezimpawu ze-2D. Ngokucabangela okungenhla, abafundi bekhodi ye-2D bangabanqobi abangakwazi ukumboza izinhlobo eziningi zebhakhodi yokuskena.

2. Ibanga lokuskena

Ngemva kokucabangela izinhlobo zamabhakhodi ahilelekile, into elandelayo okufanele noma yimuphi umthengisi anake ibanga labo lokuskena eliqondiwe. Lesi sici sinomthelela oqondile esicini sokuhamba sokukhethwa kwesithwebuli sebhakhodi.

Uma kubhekwa ukuhamba kwazo okulinganiselwe, izikena zebhakhodi ezikhweza ezigxilile noma ezimile ngokungangabazeki zifaneleka kangcono kunoma yisiphi isidingo sokuskena esiseduze, kuyilapho izikena zebhakhodi eziphathwa ngesandla noma izikena zebhakhodi ezigqokwayo zinikeza ukuguquguquka okukhulu kakhulu ngokwebanga lokuskena nokuhamba.

Ngamanye amazwi, izikena zebhakhodi ye-fixed-mount bar zilungele ububanzi bokuskena obulinganiselwe nalapho isithwebuli sibekwe endaweni egxilile, njengalapho kukhawunta khona ukuphuma. Izikena zebhakhodi ephathwa ngesandla, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zifaneleka kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukuthi umsebenzisi ahambehamba, njengasezinqolobaneni noma ezitolo zokudayisa.

Ngaleso sikhathi, uhla lokuskena lwezikena ze-fixed-mount and handheld zingase zehluke ngokusekelwe kumamodeli azo ahlukene. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukucabangela kokubili uhla lokuskena kanye nezidingo zokuhamba lapho uthola izikena zebhakhodi.

3. Ukuxhumana

Uma abathengisi bezitolo bethatha isinqumo sokuhamba kwezithwebuli zebhakhodi, izinhlobo zokuxhuma yinto elandelayo okufanele icatshangwe yibo bonke abathengisi ukuze benze ukukhetha okufanele. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi idizayini ebonakalayo yezikena zebhakhodi ayinakho ukuhlobana okuqondile nokuxhumana kwazo, isithwebuli sebhakhodi ye-fixed-mount singaxhunywa ngentambo noma sixhunywe ngaphandle kwentambo, futhi ukuxhuma akuvimbeli ukuhamba kwaso ngokomzimba.

Eqinisweni, ukuxhumana kuhambisana kakhulu nokuzinza nesivinini sokuskena sezikena zebhakhodi. Isibonelo, ukuxhumana okunezintambo kuvame ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumeka okuzinzile uma kuqhathaniswa nokuxhumana okungenantambo futhi ngokuvamile kuyashesha ngokuya ngesivinini sokuskena.

Kunoma ikuphi, ukuguquguquka okuthuthukisiwe nokuphatheka okunikezwa ukuxhumana okungenantambo kungase kunxephezele isivinini sokuskena esinensa kancane kanye nokuzinza okuncishisiwe okuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nalokho kuxhumana.

Futhi ngokujabulisayo, nakuba kungase kube nezimo lapho ukuxhumana okungenantambo kuhamba kancane kunoxhumo olunezintambo, ubuchwepheshe besimanje obungenawaya buye bathuthukisa kakhulu isivinini nokwethembeka kwabo, ngakho-ke umehluko ungase ungabi mkhulu njengoba wawunjalo manje.

I-4. Intengo

Ngokwemvelo, imisebenzi elula engenziwa izikena zebhakhodi, lapho amanani azo ephansi, kuyilapho amamodeli abanzi, athuthukile alanda amanani aphezulu.

Izintengo ezincintisanayo zama-wholesale ezikena zebhakhodi ye-1D zingehla zibe ngaphansi kuka-US$ 5 kuma-oda ayinqwaba. Khonamanjalo, amanani entengo ezitolo ezinkulu zezikena zebhakhodi ye-2D yebanga eliphakathi zingahle zibe ngaphansi kuka-$50, kuyilapho ububanzi bungase busukela ku-US$200+ kuye phambili.

I-5. Okungafani

Okunye okucatshangelwayo abathengi abangathanda ukukukhumbula kufaka phakathi ukuqina, ukuqondiswa kweskena, ukuhambisana kwesoftware, kanye nokusebenziseka kalula. Njengoba ezinye izikena zebhakhodi zingase zifaneleke kangcono ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle (futhi ngenxa yalokho zingase zibize inani eliphakeme), ukuqina ikakhulukazi kufanele kucatshangelwe ezindaweni zokuthengisa ezidinga ukusetshenziswa kwezimo ezinzima.

Ngokombono wokusebenza, ukuqondisa kungathinta kokubili ukusebenza kahle kanye nesivinini njengoba izikena zebhakhodi ezingezona zonke izindawo zidinga ibhakhodi ukuthi iqondaniswe ngendlela ethile engaholela kalula emaphutheni nasekusebenzeni kancane. Ukuhambisana kwesofthiwe nokusebenziseka kalula, ngakolunye uhlangothi, nakho kukhulisa ukuguquguquka kwezikena zebhakhodi ukuze zisebenze nezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi nezinhlelo zokusebenza.

Izinhlobo eziphezulu zeskena zebhakhodi ezizohlolwa ngo-2023

Izikena eziphathwa ngesandla

Njengoba igama lisikisela, izikena zebhakhodi eziphathwa ngesandla ngokuvamile azisindi futhi zihlangene, ezinomklamo we-ergonomic ongangena kalula esandleni somuntu. Ngokwesibonelo, lokhu Iskena sebhakhodi esiphathwa ngesandla se-1D iyaziqhenya ngesakhiwo sayo esinethezekile, ukumelana nokushaqeka, namandla okuskena ngesivinini esikhulu kanye nokusebenziseka kwepulaki nokudlala.

Njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi, izikena eziningi zebhakhodi eziphathwa ngesandla zinjalo izikena ezilula zebhakhodi enezintambo ze-1D anezixhumi ezibonakalayo ze-USB ezinezintambo futhi ngokuvamile ezithengekayo kakhulu ekuthengeni okuningi ngobuningi.

Eqinisweni, amanani entengo ama-wholesale ezikena zebhakhodi enezintambo ezikwazi ukusekela ukuskena kwebhakhodi ye-1D ne-2D zingahle zibe cishe ku-US$ 5+ ucezu ngalunye uma i-oda ngobuningi, kuhlanganise Iskena sebhakhodi ye-omnidirectional enentambo ye-1D ne-2D enikeza i-engeli yokuskena engu-360-degree ukuze kuthwetshulwe ngokushesha nangokunembile amabhakhodi nganoma iyiphi indlela.

Izikena zebhakhodi ephathwa ngesandla ezingenantambo ezingasebenza kuwo womabili amabhakhodi e-1D ne-2D, nokho, angaphansi kwezintengo zewholesale eziphakeme kakhulu ngisho noma zi-odwe ngenani elikhulu futhi zingabiza ngokuphindwe kabili kunalezo zikena eziphathwa ngesandla ezinezintambo.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, njengoba kungezona zonke izikena zebhakhodi ezifaka nazo ama-cradlers wesithwebuli ahambisanayo, ezibalulekile ekubekweni kanye nokuziguqula zibe izisetshenziswa ezizinzile, ezinganyakazi noma nini lapho kudingeka, abathengisi bezitolo bangahlola izimakethe zezisetshenziswa zesithwebuli sebhakhodi ukuze bandise ukunikezwa kwemikhiqizo yabo.

Izikena zedeskithophu

Izikena zebhakhodi yedeskithophu, ngokuvamile ezaziwa nangokuthi izikena zebhakhodi ezigxilile noma ezimile, zisebenza ngokungafani ngokuphelele nendlela izikena zebhakhodi eziphathwa ngesandla, okuwukuskena amabhakhodi.

Ngezikena zedeskithophu, amakhodi alethwa kuwo esikhundleni salokho, kuyilapho ehlala engenzi lutho kuyo yonke inqubo yokuskena. Inzuzo esobala kakhulu yohlelo olunjalo ukuthi luvumela ukusebenza kwezandla, okungaba usizo ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezidingekayo zokuskena ngokushesha noma kwevolumu ephezulu. Ngokwesibonelo, lokhu iskena sebhakhodi yedeskithophu ye-omnidirectional ikhethekile ezitolo ezinezidingo ezinkulu zokudayisa ezifana nezitolo ezinkulu ezingafinyelela isivinini sokuskena esingu-1800 ngomzuzwana.

Khonamanjalo, njengoba izikena zebhakhodi yedeskithophu zigxilile, amathuba okulimala ancipha kakhulu. Ezinye izikena zebhakhodi ezimile nazo zenziwa ukuthi zibe yizisetshenziswa ezimangelengele ukuze zisebenze ngaphansi kwezimo zangaphandle eziyinselele, ngokufaka izici ezengeziwe ezifana umsebenzi ukumelana namanzi.

Njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi, abaningi izikena zebhakhodi yedeskithophu aklanywe ngendlela engahlanganiswa ngaphandle komthungo kwezinye izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, njengamabhande okuthutha noma amasistimu e-cashier, kuyilapho futhi esekela ukuhlanganiswa okulula kusofthiwe ekhona, okuwenza alungele ukusebenza kwesuphamakethe kanye ne-minimart.

Noma iningi lezikena zebhakhodi yedeskithophu zingamamodeli anezintambo, akhona futhi izikena zebhakhodi yedeskithophu engenantambo etholakala emakethe namuhla. Kodwa-ke, abathengisi bezitolo kufanele baqaphele ukuthi izikena zebhakhodi ye-fixed-mount wireless zivame ukubiza kakhulu uma ziqhathaniswa nozakwabo abanezintambo.

Izikena ezingenantambo

Izikena zebhakhodi ezingenantambo zisebenza njengenketho yokuxhumana ethuthukisiwe uma iqhathaniswa nezikena ezinezintambo ukuze kuxhunywe isithwebuli sebhakhodi kukhompuyutha noma idivayisi yeselula ukuze "ususe ikhodi" yolwazi.

Njengoba ukuxhumana kubalulekile ekuboniseni ulwazi oluskeniwe ezikrinini kanye nezinjongo zokulondoloza, izikena zebhakhodi ezingenantambo seziphenduke inketho ekhethwayo kunezikena ezinezintambo.

Izikena zebhakhodi ezingenantambo zinganikeza ukuguquguquka okukhulu kakhulu kanye nenkululeko mayelana nokuba seduze kokuskena. Noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona zokuhlanganisa amakhebula zehliswa kakhulu njengoba kungekho khebula ehilelekile. Ngokungafani nezikena eziningi ezinezintambo ezingasekela amasentimitha ambalwa nje ukuya kumamitha ambalwa, izikena ezingenantambo zingasekela kalula amamitha ambalwa kufika kumamitha ayi-100 ububanzi zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-Bluetooth noma ubuchwepheshe obungenawaya be-2.4G.

Isibonelo, isithwebuli sebhakhodi engenantambo sisebenzisa uxhumano lwe-Bluetooth oluhambisana nobuchwepheshe obungenawaya be-2.4G obufaneleka kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwe-cashier singabonakala njengoba kukhonjisiwe esithombeni esingezansi:

Ukwanelisa izidingo zokuskena zebanga elide, izikena eziningi zebhakhodi zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obungenawaya be-2.4G. Izikena zebhakhodi ezingenantambo ezisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obunjalo obungenawaya zingasekela kufika ku-100m ibanga lokuskena noma ngisho kuze kufike ku-150m ubukhulu bebanga.

Ngaleso sikhathi, ukubuka ngelensi yedizayini, izikena zebhakhodi ezinoxhumo okungenantambo nazo zithuthukisa ngokuphawulekayo ukuguquguquka kwedizayini namandla njengoba zingasacindezelwa izintambo eziphithene, ezinde. Iskena sebhakhodi engenantambo esisekela kokubili ukuxhumana okungenantambo kwe-Bluetooth ne-2.4G, esifaka idizayini ephathekayo elingana nephakethe ingesinye isibonelo esihle.

Njengephuzu lokugcina, impilo yebhethri yesithwebuli sebhakhodi engenantambo kufanele futhi ibe enye yezinto ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe. Isibonelo seskena sebhakhodi engenantambo esinempilo ende yokulinda yisinye enebhethri eyakhelwe ngaphakathi engu-2000mAh, okungase kuhlale izinsuku ezingafika kwezi-3-5.

Skena umkhathizwe

Ukwanda okusheshayo kokunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye imikhakha yokudayisa endaweni yaseNyakatho Melika, okuyiyona edonsa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwezikena zebhakhodi emkhakheni wokudayisa, ikhombisa ithemba elikhangayo lezinhlobonhlobo zezikena zebhakhodi. Uma ufuna izikena zekhodi yebha, othengisa ngezitolo kufanele bacabangisise ngezinto ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa izinhlobo zamabhakhodi azoskenwa, ibanga azoskenwa ngalo, izinketho zokuxhumanisa, amaleveli entengo, nezinye izici ezimbalwa ezixubile, ikakhulukazi ukuqina nokuqondiswa kweskena. Izikena eziphathwa ngesandla, izikena zedeskithophu, nezikena ezingenantambo ziyizinhlobo ezintathu ezahlukene zezikena zebhakhodi umthengisi angabheka kuzo ngo-2023. Qhubeka nokuzulazula ezingxenyeni ezihlukene ezitholakala kuzo. U-Chovm Uyafunda ukuthola isiqondiso esibalulekile kanye nemininingwane yokuhlomisa kangcono ibhizinisi lakho ngolwazi olubalulekile lwebhizinisi le-wholesale.