Ukudluliselwa kwamandla kuyizingxenye ezibalulekile ezinhlelweni zikagesi, ezinikeza ukulawula nokuvikela izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene. Le ndatshana ihlose ukuhlinzeka ngemininingwane ebanzi yokudluliselwa kwamandla, ehlanganisa usayizi wemakethe wamanje nesibikezelo sesikhathi esizayo, izinhlobo ezijwayelekile nezici, intuthuko yakamuva yezobuchwepheshe, nezincomo zokukhetha zokuqinisekisa ukuthi ugcina izinketho ezinhle kakhulu zika-2025.

Okuqukethwe
Umbono wamanje wemakethe yomhlaba wonke yokudluliselwa kwamandla
Imingcele ebalulekile yokudluliselwa kwamandla okufanele uyazi
Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zokudluliselwa kwamandla nokuthi zihluka kanjani
Amathrendi akamuva emakethe edluliselwe
Ungakhetha kanjani i-relay yamandla efanele ngezidingo zakho?
Ukufingqa

Umbono wamanje wemakethe yomhlaba wonke yokudluliselwa kwamandla

Usayizi wemakethe edluliselwe emhlabeni wonke ufinyelelwe nxazonke I-USD 8.80 billion ngo-2023. Imakethe kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esihlanganisiwe (CAGR) sika-6.0% phakathi kuka-2024 no-2032, sifinyelele cishe ku-USD 14.87 billion ngo-2032.

Ngokuzayo, ngokukhula okuqinile kwezindlu ezihlakaniphile, ezishintshayo zezimboni, izinkambu ze-photovoltaic, ukuthuthuka okusheshayo kobuhlakani bamamitha omhlaba, ubuhlakani bezimoto, izimoto ezintsha zamandla, kanye nokuduma kokuxhumana kwe-5G, imakethe ye-relay izongenisa umjikelezo omusha wentuthuko.

Abakhiqizi be-Relay bagxile kakhulu ku I-China, Japan, Europe, kanye ne-United States. I-Panasonic neHongfa yizinkampani ezimbili eziphambili ngokwesabelo semakethe yomhlaba wonke, esibalelwa ku-60% wesabelo semakethe.

Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kokufakwa kukagesi emkhakheni wezimoto ezintsha zamandla nokuzivikela, isidingo sokudluliswa kwamandla sizoqhubeka nokukhula. I-balanced force relay inwetshwe kancane kancane yaba uchungechunge lokudlulisela amandla aphezulu ukuze kuhlangatshezwane namandla aphezulu kanye nezidingo zamanje zenkundla yezokuvikela.

I-Solid state relays iyathuthuka ibheke ku- miniaturization, engasindi, kanye nokuhlanganiswa. Ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bemishini yokuzivikela kanye nenkambiso yokuthuthukiswa kokunikezwa nokusabalalisa amandla kagesi, i isidingo semikhiqizo yesilawuli samandla esiqinile esingu-270V sisobala. Imakethe yomkhiqizo izozuza impumelelo.

Imingcele ebalulekile yokudluliselwa kwamandla okufanele ukwazi

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-relay ukwenza njengokushintsha ukulawula ukusebenza kwamanye amaswishi kumjikelezo. Basebenzisa amasiginali wokufaka amandla aphansi ukuze balawule amasekhethi anamandla amakhulu. Isignali yamandla aphansi eyenza i-relay icuphe uzibuthe kagesi ukuthi unikeze amandla, ngaleyo ndlela yenze i-armature inyakaze. Sizojula ezintweni eziyisisekelo.

1. Imingcele kagesi

• Ukulinganisa i-voltage yokusebenza ububanzi be-voltage yokufaka evunyelwe ukuthi isetshenziswe lapho i-relay isebenza ngokujwayelekile. Enye yezinkomba ezibalulekile zokuklama kwe-relay nokusebenza. I-voltage yokusebenza elinganiselwe evamile yi-5V, 12V, 24V, njalonjalo.
• Isilinganiso sokusebenza samanje: ibhekisela enanini eliphezulu lamanje lapho i-relay ingasebenza ngokuzinza isikhathi eside. Ibonisa umthamo wokulayisha we-relay.
• Umthwalo wokuxhumana: okuhlanganisa i-voltage elinganiselwe kanye nesilinganiso samanje soxhumana naye, le mingcele emibili ngokuhlangene inquma amandla aphezulu othintana naye odluliswayo angamelana nawo. Ukucaciswa komthwalo ovamile wokuxhumana okufana no-250V/10A kubonisa ukuthi abathintwayo be-relay bangakwazi ukumelana no-10A wamanje ku-250V.
• Imininingwane ukumelana: ibhekisela enanini lokumelana lomuntu oxhumene naye uma ivaliwe.

2. Imingcele yemishini

• Ifomu lokuxhumana: Ngokujwayelekile Vula, CHA. Uma i-relay ingasebenzi, othintana naye usesimweni sokunqanyulwa; Uma i-relay isetshenziswa, oxhumana naye uyavalwa.
• Ifomu lokuxhumana: Ngokuvamile kuvalwe, NC. Ngokuphambene nokuvula okuvamile, othintana naye uyavalwa uma engasebenzi, futhi uyanqanyulwa lapho esebenza.
• Ifomu lokuxhumana: Change Over, CO. Inothintana naye ojwayelekile kanye noxhumana nabo ababili abashintshayo, futhi ukuxhumana phakathi koxhumana nabo basesidlangalaleni kanye noyedwa wothintana nabo abashintshayo kungashintshwa ngesenzo sokudlulisa.

Ngokuvamile, abathintwayo abavaliwe bangase bafaneleke kakhulu ekulawuleni ukucisha kokunikezwa kwamandla; ukushintsha othintana nabo kungase kulunge kakhulu esimweni sokushintshwa kwesignali.

• Isikhathi sokusebenza: isikhawu phakathi kwesignali yokufaka edluliselwe kanye nesenzo sokuxhumana.
• Isikhathi sokukhishwa: isikhathi kusukela ekunyamaleni kwesiginali kuya ekutholeni oxhumana naye.

3. Imingcele yemvelo

• Ibanga lokushisa lokusebenza: ibonisa ibanga lokushisa elizungezile lapho i-relay ingasebenza ngokujwayelekile. Izinga lokushisa elivamile lokusebenza, elifana -40 ° C kuya +85 ° C, libonisa ukuthi i-relay ingasebenza ngokujwayelekile kuleli banga lokushisa.
• Ibanga lomswakama: izimo zokuswakama ezifanelekile zokusebenza nezokugcina, njenge-5% -95% RH (umswakama ohlobene).

4. Ubude bokuphila

• Impilo yobumishini: isho inombolo yezikhathi lapho oxhumene naye edluliswayo angasebenza ngokuthembekile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uthwala kangakanani amandla othintana naye.
• Impilo kagesi: Inombolo yezikhathi lapho othintana naye angavulwa futhi avalwe ngokujwayelekile ngaphansi kwezimo ezishiwo zokulayisha. Impilo kagesi imvamisa ingaphansi kwempilo yemishini ngoba ukuphatha kwamanje kubangela ukuguga nokuguga kokuxhumana.

5. Ifomu le-encapsulation

• Uhlobo lwe-plug-in: lufakwe ngokufaka izikhonkwane kujeke webhodi lesifunda, okulula ukulifaka nokulishintsha kodwa elithatha isikhala esikhulu.

• Uhlobo lwe-patch: lufakwe ngokuqondile ebusweni bebhodi lesifunda, lusindisa isikhala futhi lufanele umklamo wesifunda osezingeni eliphezulu, kodwa ukufakwa nokugcinwa kuyinkimbinkimbi.

Ngokuvamile, imikhiqizo yokudluliselwa kwamandla kufanele ihlangabezane namazinga okuphepha futhi ibe nezitifiketi ezifana ne-IEC ne-CE.

Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zokudluliselwa kwamandla nokuthi zihluka kanjani

Ngemva kokuqonda amapharamitha ayisisekelo okudluliselwa kwamandla, singawahlukanisa ngokuningiliziwe ngale ndlela elandelayo:

I-electromagnetic relay

• Ukudluliselwa okujwayelekile: uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-relay, olufanele izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zomthwalo.
• I-Magneto relay: i-relay eyenzelwe ngokukhethekile ukulawula imoto enomthamo omkhulu wamanje.
• Ukudluliselwa kokuvikela: esetshenziselwa ukuvikela nokuqapha izinhlelo zamandla, njenge-overcurrent relay, i-overvoltage relay, kanye ne-undervoltage relay.
• Ukudluliselwa kwesimo esiqinile: isebenzisa izakhi zokushintsha ze-semiconductor. Abantu bawafaka ukuze balawule ukulayishwa kukagesi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izingxenye ezihambayo.
• Ukudluliselwa kwe-MOSFET: isebenzisa ama-MOSFET njengama-elementi okushintsha amandla aphansi ukuya kwaphakathi nendawo kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokushintsha ngesivinini esikhulu.
• Ama-photoelectric coupling relays: ukuhlukaniswa nokusetshenziswa kwamasekhethi kusetshenziswa ama-photoelectric couplers ukuhlukanisa ugesi kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezizwelayo umsindo.

Uzibuthe ophethe i-relay

• Amakhoyili amabili wokubamba kazibuthe: Kudingeka amakhoyili amabili kagesi ukuze kubambe isimo se-relay, eshintshwa ngokushintsha isiqondiso samanje.
• Ikhoyili eyodwa ebambe ukudluliselwa kazibuthe: Ikhoyili eyodwa kazibuthe isetshenziselwa ukugcina isimo se-relay ngokushintsha i-polarity kazibuthe.

Ukudluliselwa okushisayo

• I-Bimetal thermal relay: Ngokunwetshwa okushisayo kweshidi le-bimetal ukuze kuzuzwe ukuvikeleka kokugcwala ngokweqile, okulungele ukuvikelwa kwemoto nemishini.
• I-PTC edluliselwe ezishisayo: Sebenzisa izici ze-positive lokushisa kwe-coefficient thermistor (PTC) ukuze uvikele ukugcwala kakhulu nokulawula izinga lokushisa.

Ukudluliselwa kukagesi

• I-Overload relay: Isetshenziselwa ukuvikela i-motor ekuhlulekeni njengokugcwala ngokweqile kanye nokujikeleza okufushane.
• Ukudluliselwa kwenjabulo: Isetshenziselwa ukulawula umjikelezo wokuvusa wenjini.

Ukudluliselwa kwesikhathi

• Ukudluliselwa kwesikhathi: Lawula futhi usebenze ngokuya ngokubambezeleka kwesikhathi esisethiwe.
• Ukudluliselwa kwesikhathi ngebhayisikili: ukulawula isikhathi kanye nokusebenza ngezikhathi ezithile.

Kuyabonakala ukuthi izinhlobo zokudluliselwa kwamandla ziyahlukahluka, zilungele izinkambu ezahlukahlukene, futhi zinikeza amakhasimende ukukhetha okuhlukahlukene. Inosayizi omkhulu wemakethe emhlabeni.

Amathrendi akamuva emakethe edluliselwe

Ukuphumelela kobuchwepheshe kuma-relays kagesi kugxilwe kakhulu kulezi zici ezilandelayo:

1. I-Miniaturization kanye nokuhlanganiswa

Ngokuklama okudidiyelwe kanye nokwenza okuncane kwezingxenye, umthamo nesisindo sokudluliselwa kwamandla kuncishiswa kakhulu, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukuguquguquka kokusebenza kahle kokuhlanganisa nokusetshenziswa kwendawo.

2. Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla

Ubuchwepheshe obusha bokudluliswa kwamandla busebenzisa idizayini yesekethe yokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi kanye nezici zokushintsha ezisebenza kahle njenge-IGBT ne-MOSFET ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwamandla okudluliselwa kwamandla kanye nezinga lokonga amandla.

3. Ukuthembeka okuphezulu nokuphila isikhathi eside

Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezintsha nezinqubo zokukhiqiza, ezifana nezinto ezimelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukumelana nokudlidliza, kanye nedizayini yokumelana nokushaqeka, kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukwethembeka nempilo yesevisi yezintambo zamandla.

4. Isivinini sokushintsha ngokushesha

Ukushintsha kwesivinini esikhulu kanye nokusabela okusheshayo kokudluliselwa kwamandla kungafinyelelwa ngamasekethe okushayela athuthukile, idizayini ye-electromagnetic eyenziwe kahle, nezinto ezishintshayo eziphendula ngokushesha ezifana namadivayisi we-Silicon carbide.

5. Amakhono obuhlakani kanye nokuxhumana

Ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-inthanethi Yezinto kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulawula obuhlakaniphile, ama-relays amandla angakwazi ukuxhumana futhi ahlanganiswe namanye amadivayisi ukuze kuzuzwe imisebenzi efana nokulawula okukude, ukuqapha, kanye nokuxilongwa kwamaphutha.

Ukuphumelela kwezobuchwepheshe kwenze ukusetshenziswa kokudluliselwa kwamandla emikhakheni ehlukahlukene kwaba banzi futhi kuthembekile, okuhlinzeka ngesixazululo esingcono sokulawula amandla nezidingo zokulawulwa kwamandla.

Ungakhetha kanjani i-relay yamandla efanele ngezidingo zakho?

Ubuchwepheshe bokudluliswa kwamandla kanye namakhono okukhetha kuyisisekelo sokuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuthembeka kwemishini kagesi. Ngemva kokufunda izigaba ezedlule, saqonda amapharamitha angukhiye nezinhlobo ezivamile zokudluliselwa kwamandla. Nazi ezinye izici okudingeka uzicabangele lapho uthenga ama-relays ngobuningi.

1. Chaza izidingo zakho

Nquma isimo sohlelo lokusebenza: noma ngabe eyezinhlelo zokulawula izimboni, izinto zikagesi zasendlini, i-automotive electronics, njll.

Layisha izici namapharamitha: Cacisa uhlobo lomthwalo (i-AC noma i-DC), i-voltage, yamanje, namandla okufanele alawulwe ukuze kukhethwe i-relay enomthamo ofanele wokulayisha othintwayo.

2. Cabangela izici zokusebenza

Izinto zokuxhumana nokuphila: Izinto zokuxhumana zekhwalithi ephezulu zinokusebenza okungcono kukagesi nokumelana nokugqoka, kanye nempilo ende kagesi nemishini.

Isikhathi sokwenza kanye nesikhathi sokukhishwa: Ngokuya ngezidingo zejubane lokuphendula, khetha i-relay enesenzo esifanele nesikhathi sokukhipha.

Amandla okumelana nokuphazamiseka: I-relay enekhono eliqinile lokulwa nokuphazamiseka kufanele ikhethwe endaweni eyinkimbinkimbi ye-electromagnetic.

3. Gxila kumkhiqizo nekhwalithi

Imikhiqizo eyaziwa kakhulu: Nikeza kuqala imikhiqizo evela kumabhrendi aziwayo, aqinisekiswa kakhulu mayelana nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi, ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe, kanye nesevisi yangemuva kokuthengisa.

Isitifiketi sekhwalithi: Hlola ukuthi umkhiqizo uphasile yini isitifiketi sekhwalithi esifanele, esifana ne-ISO 9001.

4. Hlola isampula ngokuqinile

Ngaphambi kokuthenga izinto ezinkulu, thola amasampula ozowahlola ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukusebenza kwawo kuhlangabezana nezidingo zakho. Izimo zamandla kagesi, zamanje, nezinga lokushisa kufanele zikhathazeke ngokukhethekile lapho kuhlolwa i-relay kagesi.

Ukufingqa

Ukudluliswa kwamandla kagesi kunendima ebalulekile ezinhlelweni eziningi zikagesi neze-elekthronikhi, okwenza kube lula ukulawula umthwalo kagesi. Zivikela imishini yakho emonakalweni futhi zinciphise izindleko zokuyilungisa kanye nokulahlekelwa kokukhiqiza. Ngokuqonda izisekelo, izinhlobo ezijwayelekile, ucwaningo lwakamuva, kanye nokuguquguquka kwemakethe kokudluliselwa kwamandla, ungakhetha izinketho ezingcono kakhulu zebhizinisi lakho, uqinisekisa ukuthi abathengi bakho banikezwa ukusebenza okuphezulu nokuthembeka.