Umhlahlandlela Wakho Wokuthola I-Excavator Esetshenzisiwe

Ama-excavators ayimishini eqinile, eyenzelwe umsebenzi osindayo ezimeni ezinzima. Uma igcinwa njalo, imivubukulo ingahlala iminyaka eminingi futhi ngokuvamile ihlale isesimweni esihle kakhulu sokusebenza isikhathi eside ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwephrojekthi yokuqala. Ukuthenga i-excavator entsha ukuzibophezela okumba eqolo futhi umthengi angase angawudingi umshini ngemva kokuphothulwa kwephrojekthi yamanje.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi ama-excavators asetshenzisiwe abo bonke osayizi bangatholakala ukuze bathengiswe futhi baphinde basetshenziswe kwamanye amaphrojekthi adinga i-excavator. Umthengi ube esebhekana nokukhetha ukuthi uzothenga umshini omusha, noma umshini osetshenzisiwe ngenani elincishiswe kakhulu. Lesi sihloko sihlola ububanzi namanani ezinto ezimbiwa phansi ezisetshenzisiwe futhi sinikeza uhlu lokuhlola lokuthi yini okufanele uyibheke ukuze uqinisekiswe ngokusebenza kwazo.

Okuqukethwe
Imakethe ye-excavator esetshenzisiwe
Kukhona anhlobonhlobo ama-excavators asetshenziswa atholakalayo
Yini okufanele uyicabangele lapho ufuna i-excavator esetshenzisiwe
Ukuhlola okubonakalayo nokubonakalayo
Imicabango yokugcina

Imakethe ye-excavator esetshenzisiwe

Imakethe esetshenziswayo abavubukuli iqhutshwa yizici eziningana. Umthelela wezomnotho wobhubhane luka-2020-2022 ubangele amaphrojekthi akhanseliwe, amaphrojekthi abambezelekile, imali etholakala kancane, kanye nengcindezi enkulu yezindleko. I izindleko eziphezulu zokutshala izimali zemishini emisha, kanye nokungaqiniseki kwezomnotho okuqhubekayo, imiklamo yokwakha engalindelekile, kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kwengqalasizinda equkethwe, kuholele ekwandeni kwesidingo semishini yokumba asebesebenzile.

Nakuba manje sekunemishini eminingi emisha eshibhile emakethe, leyo ephepheni ibonakala inenani elihle, kunemishini esezingeni eliphansi kanye nezingxenye ezingaphansi kule ngxenye. Abathengi asebenesikhathi bangase babe nokuzethemba okwengeziwe emishinini emikhulu esetshenzisiwe, eyakhiwe kahle futhi ehlala isikhathi eside, futhi etholakala ngezindleko eziphansi, kunokukhangwa imishini emisha eshibhile yekhwalithi engaziwa.

Amagama emikhiqizo emikhulu abusayo imakethe esetshenzisiwe ihlanganisa i-Caterpillar, i-Komatsu, i-Kobelco, i-Deere & Co, i-Volvo, i-Doosan, i-Volvo, i-Hitachi ne-XCMG. Ezinye zalezi zinkampani nazo ziqinisekisa ukufaneleka kwemishini esetshenziswayo.

Kukhona anhlobonhlobo ama-excavators asetshenziswa atholakalayo

Ama-excavators amancane / amancane (kufika ku-10 ton)

Ama-excavators amancane, amancane noma ahlangene aqala ukusuka ethanini eli-1 ukuya phezulu kuye kumathani ayi-10. Kulolu hlu, ama-excavators asetshenzisiwe ane- about Iminyaka engu-3-4 yokusetshenziswa ziyahlukahluka ngentengo kusukela ngaphansi kuka-USD 5,000 kuya cishe ku-USD 15,000. Kunenqwaba yemishini etholakalayo, enesimo esihle samamodeli weCaterpillar atholakala kuwo I-3 ithoni, I-5 ithoni kuya I-10 ithoni. Kukhona nokukhethwa okubanzi kweminye imikhiqizo, kufaka phakathi Komatsu or UKobelco, I-Doosan, kanye nabo bonke abanye abakhiqizi abakhulu.

Izintengo zingahluka kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, ngezinguqulo ezifanayo noma ezindala kakhulu zamamodeli afanayo athengiswa ngabathengisi noma ngezindali ezingaphezu kuka-USD 80,000.

Ama-excavators amakhulu asetshenzisiwe (10-30 ton)

Kwabavubukuli abakhulu, baningi impela emakethe, kusukela kumishini yamathani ayi-11-15, njenge-13 ton. IHyundai R130VS inenani lika-USD 9,000. Kukhona uhla olubanzi ikakhulukazi olutholakala kubhendi yamathani angama-20-25. Amanani ayahluka, njenge-22 ton I-Komatsu PC220-8 itholakala nge-USD 30,000, uhlobo lwesiShayina lwe-219 ton I-SANY SY215C itholakala nge-USD 15,000, noma amathani angama-20 I-Hitachi EX200 ye-USD 16,500.

Ama-excavators amakhulu (30-50 ton)

Njengoba osayizi bemishini beba bakhudlwana kukhona ukukhetha okumbalwa, kodwa ububanzi obuhlukahlukene ngamathoni namanani entengo. Isibonelo, kukhona amathani angama-36 I-Volvo EC360B ye-USD 35,000, amaShayina angama-36 ton I-XGMA XG836 ngama-USD 29,000, amathani angama-40 I-Komatsu PC400-7 ngama-USD 55,000, noma i-Caterpillar 40D engu-340 ton enenani eliphakathi nendawo I-USD 78,443 futhi I-USD 97,000.

Ama-excavators amakhulu (ngaphezulu kwamathani angama-50)

Amanani awanyuki ngempela njengoba usayizi we-excavator ukhuphuka. Isibonelo i-80 ton esetshenzisiwe IVolvo EC380 itholakala nge-USD 40,000, amathani angama-50 I-Doosan DH530 isebenzise i-excavator nge-USD 112,700, noma amathani angama-50 I-SANY SY550H nge-USD 140,000. Kukhona ukukhetha okuncane kakhulu ngaphezu kobubanzi bamathani angama-40-50 nemishini emikhulu kakhulu ekhawulelwe kumikhiqizo embalwa esetshenziswa kakhulu ezimayini kunokwakha.

Yini okufanele uyicabangele lapho ufuna i-excavator esetshenzisiwe

Kunezinhlobonhlobo zokuzikhethela, futhi ngalokho kukhetha kuza inhlobonhlobo yamanani. Ngakho-ke umthengi angenza kanjani isinqumo esihle ku-excavator esetshenzisiwe, ikakhulukazi uma e-oda nge-inthanethi? Okucatshangelwayo kokuqala kuzoba ukufaneleka kwenhloso, intengo nesimo, kanye neminyaka (njengoba kukhonjisiwe olwazini lokuthengisa).

Uma ufuna i-excavator esetshenzisiwe, ukufaneleka ngenjongo kuyisidingo esisobala. I-excavator kufanele ibe nkulu ngokwanele futhi ibe namandla ngokwanele ukuze ithathe umsebenzi esandleni. Lokhu kuzocacisa ukuthi ngabe usemakethe yehhashi elincane elingamathani ayi-5, ihhashi eliwu-14, noma umdondoshiya ongaphezu kwamathani angama-50. Kungase kube nezinketho eziningi zemishini yosayizi omncane ukuya omaphakathi enegama lomkhiqizo elihle, futhi izintengo zingase ziqhathaniswe namamodeli amasha avela kumabhrendi amancane. Ngakho qala ngokukhetha usayizi namandla, bese uhlonza amabhrendi ambalwa namamodeli athakazelisayo.

Inani ke isici esibalulekile, futhi kufanele acabangele isimo umshini. Umthengi uzodinga ukuqinisekiswa ukuthi i-excavator igcinwe kahle futhi isesimweni esihle sokusebenza, lokho kubonisa inani lentengo.

Isimo kanye nokubukeka okuphelele komshini kuzonikeza umbono wokuqala we-excavator, futhi ezimweni eziningi lokhu kuza lapho kuqala ukubuka izithombe ku-inthanethi. Kungokwemvelo ukubuka ukuthi upende nomzimba ubukeka ucwebezela futhi umusha kanjani. Nakuba lokhu kungase kube inkomba yokuthi umshini unakekelwa kahle futhi mhlawumbe umusha (ikakhulukazi uma inani lamahora okusetshenziswa liphansi), injini namathrekhi kungawashwa futhi kuhlanzwe, amazinyo angakhishwa futhi umsebenzi womzimba ungapendiwa kabusha. Khumbula, lena imishini esebenzayo ehlala obhuqwini futhi phakathi kweminye imishini enyakazayo endaweni yokusebenza, ngakho-ke kungalindelwa ukucwila nokuklwebheka okumbalwa futhi akusho ukuntula ukunakekelwa.

Iminyaka yobudala ye-excavator, ngeminyaka, izoboniswa kulwazi lokuphromotha, futhi ungase ubone amahora ewashini. Ingabe iminyaka ibonakala ifanelana nesimo ngendlela enganqunywa ngayo ezithombeni, nenani elikhangiswayo?

Uma lezi zici zokuqala zibukeka zikhanga ngakho-ke yisikhathi sokubheka kakhulu izindawo zomuntu ngamunye ze-excavator, ikhebhu, umzimba, ibhakede kanye ne-boom, injini, ama-hydraulics, i-turntable kanye ne-undercarriage. Abathengisi abaningi bazohlinzeka izithombe eziningi ezivela emazingeni ahlukene ukuze ukwazi ukubona imininingwane nesimo, abanye bangase bangaboni. Ezimweni eziningi uzodinga ukwazi ukuhlola ngokomzimba umfuyi kungaba ngaphambi kokuthenga noma ngemva kokuthatha ukulethwa, ngakho isiqinisekiso sokubuyisela uma singanelisekile sibalulekile.

Ukuhlola okubonakalayo nokubonakalayo

Ukuhlukaniswa phansi: Bheka izimpawu zokuguga nokuqhekeka kwama-sprockets. Ingabe iketango noma ama-roller agqokiwe? Njengoba iketango liqala ukugqoka ama-roller azoqala ukusika amaphini ethrekhi. Bheka izikhonkwane ezigugile nezicwebezelayo. Uma kuzwakala sengathi kunomkhawulo ocacile kuma-bushings, lokho kungolunye uphawu lokugqoka ngokweqile. Uma kukhona umnyakazo ohlangene ethrekhi ngokwayo kungasho izikhonkwane ezigugile namabhushi. Uma kube nokuguga okudlulele enqoleni yangaphansi, lokhu kushiya izikhala eziningi futhi kuholele emzileni oxegayo. Abasebenzisi bangase basuse isixhumanisi ukuze baqinise ithrekhi. Hlola igebe lokungenzi lutho, kanye nezicaciso zomkhiqizi, ukuze uthole inombolo elungile yezixhumanisi zethrekhi. Sekukonke, nakuba izingxenye zenqola yangaphansi zingashintshwa, uma ukuhlanganiswa kwethrekhi kubonisa izimpawu zokuguga okuphawulekayo, khona-ke cishe kudinga ukushintshwa futhi lokho kufanele kufakwe ezindlekweni zomshini.

Izikhonkwane zebhakede namabhakede, i-boom nengalo: Uma kukhona ukunyakaza okuningi kumaphini, noma ibhakede libukeka lishayiwe noma lilimele, lokhu kungasho ukuthi lilashwe kanzima. Hlola ukuguga ngokubeka ibhakede phansi bese ulinyakazisa kancane ukusuka kolunye uhlangothi kuya kolunye naphambili nangemuva. Lokhu kuzobonisa ukuthi ukufakwa kuhlale kuqinile futhi kuqinile noma kukhona ukudlala ngokweqile.

Ngokunjalo ne-boom nengalo, ingabe kukhona ukunyakaza emalungeni? Lokhu kungabonisa ukuthi azizange zigcotshwe njalo futhi zigcinwe futhi zigqoke ngokweqile. Umshini onakekelwe kahle uzohlala unamafutha amaningi asetshenziswa ngokukhululekile yonke indawo. Izimpawu zamafutha ziyinto enhle. Nokho, hlola ukuthi igrisi masha futhi uma kungenzeka khipha amafutha amadala. Uma iqinile futhi i-cake up, khona-ke amafutha awazange ashintshwe njalo futhi kungenzeka ukuthi kuhlotshaniswe nokugqoka nokukhala.

Ukuguquguquka: Ingabe i-turntable ijikeleza ngokushelela ngaphandle kokungalingani noma ukungazinzi? Lapho uphendula i-cab, ingabe kukhona umsindo oxegayo noma ogayayo? Uma ingajikijeli ngokulinganayo kungase kube nenkinga nge-swing bear elingana phakathi komzimba nekalishi elingaphansi.

Isimo sekhebhu: Ingabe i-cab ibukeka ihlanzekile, ingabe isihlalo sihlanzekile futhi siphelele futhi ingabe silungisa ngendlela efanele? Ingabe wonke amaswishi abukeka eqinile futhi esesimweni esihle sokusebenza? Konke lokhu kubonisa ukuthi umshini ubunakekelwe kahle futhi unomshayeli/umnikazi ocabangelayo. Umshini osetshenziswe kahle akusho ukuthi ikhebhu ayiphathwa kahle noma ayinakiwe.

Injini: Ingabe injini ibonakala ihlanzekile? Ingabe zikhona izimpawu zokuvuza eduze kwenjini noma kumaphaneli azungezile? Ingabe ikhona intuthu emhlophe noma emnyama (lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu njengoba kungabonisa izinkinga zenjini noma ze-gasket)? Ingabe amazinga oketshezi ayakhuphuka? Ingabe wonke amapayipi ahlanzekile futhi aqinile?

Ukukhishwa kwe-exhaust: Ingabe injini ekuqaleni yayine-EPA ekhishwayo egunyaziwe? Uma kunjalo kungaba ubuhlakani ukuqinisekisa ukuthi injini isasebenza ngendlela esezingeni. An exhaust emissions analyzer ingasetshenziswa ukuhlola ukukhishwa kwe-exhaust.

Ama-hydraulic: Ingabe wonke amapayipi, okokufakwayo kanye nama-O ring aphelele? Uphawu olubuthakathaka luzonciphisa ukucindezela kwe-hydraulic. Sinjani isimo samapayipi namapayipi, futhi ingabe zikhona izimpawu zokuvuza kwe-hydraulic? Hlola i-chrome ku-hydraulic rod. Uma kukhona imihuzuko noma amamaki lokhu kungabonisa ukuthi uphawu kanye nokupakishwa kwe-cylinder kugugile futhi akulingani kahle, okubangela ukuguga.

Izihlungi: Ingabe amarekhodi esevisi yomshini orekhodiwe abonisa ukuthi i-hydraulic, uwoyela wenjini kanye nezihlungi zikaphethiloli zashintshwa lapho uketshezi lushintshwa? Ingabe isihlungi somoya sisisha noma singcolile, njengoba kokubili kungabonisa izinkinga zenjini. Hlola zonke izigxivizo zamapayipi kanye nezinsimbi zamapayipi ukuze ziqine kanye nokuvuza okungenzeka. Hlola wonke ama-gaskets ukuze uthole izimpawu zokuvuza.

Imicabango yokugcina

Ukuhlola ikhwalithi ye-excavator yesibili evela ezithombeni kuphela kunemikhawulo ekuhloleni kahle isimo kanye nentengo yokuthenga ku-inthanethi. Cela izithombe ezengeziwe kanye/noma amavidiyo kanye nokuskena/namakhophi wamarekhodi esevisi. Zama futhi ukhethe umphakeli onikeza isiqinisekiso sokwaneliseka noma sokubuyisela, futhi uma sesilethiwe landela uhlu lokuhlola olungenhla njengenani elincane.

Khumbula isisho esithi, i-bakoat emptor (umthengi qaphela), futhi uqiniseke ukuthi wenza ngokukhulu ukucophelela ngendlela efanele futhi engokoqobo ngaphambi kokuzibophezela. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe mayelana nokukhetha okubanzi kwama-excavators asetshenzisiwe atholakalayo, bheka Chovm.com umbukiso.